Mother West Wind "Why" Stories — Page 61

Vocabulary

シマリス

shimarisu — Chipmunk; small striped rodent

の

no — Possessive or nominalizing particle

ストライプ

sutoraipu — Stripe; a linear band of color

そして

soshite — And then; connecting events or items sequentially

は

wa — Topic-marking particle indicating the subject

まるで

marude — Just like; as if; used for comparisons

とても

totemo — Very; extremely; intensifier for adjectives

間抜け

manuke — Foolish; stupid; lacking common sense

な

na — Adjectival particle linking na-adjectives to nouns

気持ち

kimochi — Feeling; emotion; one's state of mind

に

ni — Particle indicating direction, location, or target

なって

natte — Becoming; te-form of naru (to become)

いる

iru — To be; indicates ongoing state or action

よう

yō — Seeming; appearing as if something is true

見えた

mieta — Appeared; looked like; past tense of mieru

実際

jissai — In reality; actually; in fact

そう

sō — So; that way; indicating agreement or likeness

だった

datta — Was; past tense of the copula da

だ

da — Is; plain-form copula asserting a state

という

to iu — Called; known as; quoting or naming something

も

mo — Also; too; additive particle meaning as well

生まれて

umarete — Having been born; te-form of umareru

から

kara — From; since; indicating starting point

ずっと

zutto — All along; continuously; for a long time

モグラ

mogura — Mole; small burrowing mammal living underground

マイナー

mainā — Minor; lesser; relatively unknown or small

彼ら

karera — They; third-person plural pronoun

すぐ

sugu — Right away; immediately; very close by

近く

chikaku — Nearby; in the vicinity; close in distance

住む

sumu — To live; to reside in a place

隣人

rinjin — Neighbor; person living next door or nearby

一人

hitori — One person; alone; a single individual

彼

kare — He; him; third-person masculine pronoun

こと

koto — Thing; fact; abstract matter or circumstance

を

o — Object-marking particle indicating direct object

何

nani / nan — What; used in questions or negatives

一つ

hitotsu — One thing; a single item or piece

知ら

shira — Know (stem form); base of shiru (to know)

なかった

nakatta — Did not; past negative auxiliary form

それ

sore — That; referring to something near the listener

昔

mukashi — Long ago; ancient times; the old days

じゃ

ja — Well then; informal contraction of de wa

と

to — And; with; quotation particle; connecting nouns

カエル

kaeru — Frog; amphibian living near water

おじいさん

ojīsan — Old man; grandfather; elderly gentleman

続けた

tsuzuketa — Continued; kept going; past tense of tsuzukeru

世界

sekai — World; the earth; all of existence

が

ga — Subject-marking particle; also indicates contrast

若かった

wakakatta — Was young; past tense of wakai (young)

頃

koro — Around that time; approximately when

口

kuchi — Mouth; opening; entrance or orifice

はさんだ

hasanda — Interjected; inserted; past tense of hasamu

もちろん

mochiron — Of course; certainly; naturally

その

sono — That; the; demonstrative adjective near listener

愚か

oroka — Foolish; stupid; lacking wisdom or sense

質問

shitsumon — Question; inquiry; something asked of another

ひどく

hidoku — Terribly; severely; extremely in a bad way

腹

hara — Stomach; belly; figuratively one's temper

立てて

tatete — Raising anger; te-form of tateru (to raise)

ふり

furi — Pretense; acting as if; feigning a state

し

shi — Do; conjunctive form of suru (to do)

ながら

nagara — While doing; simultaneously performing two actions

答えた

kotaeta — Answered; responded; past tense of kotaeru

うなだれて

unadarete — Hanging one's head; drooping in shame or dejection

もう

mō — Already; anymore; not again; enough

二度と

nidoto — Never again; not a second time

する

suru — To do; to perform an action

前

mae — Before; in front; prior time or position

舌

shita — Tongue; the muscular organ in the mouth

噛んで

kande — Biting; te-form of kamu (to bite/chew)

やる

yaru — To do; to give; casual form of suru

心

kokoro — Heart; mind; one's inner feelings or spirit

決めた

kimeta — Decided; resolved; past tense of kimeru

あの

ano — That (over there); distal demonstrative adjective

何千

nanzen — Thousands; many thousands of something

代

dai / yo — Generation; era; age in ancestral lineage

ご先祖様

go-senzo-sama — Ancestors; revered forebears of one's family

地面

jimen — Ground; earth's surface; the floor outside

下

shita — Below; under; beneath something

住んで

sunde — Living; residing; te-form of sumu

い

i — Abbreviated iru; indicating ongoing existence

誰

dare — Who; which person; interrogative pronoun

で

de — At; by means of; particle of location or method

他

hoka — Other; another; different from this one

多く

ōku — Many; much; a large number or amount

動物

dōbutsu — Animal; living creature; member of the fauna

たち

tachi — Plural suffix for people or living things

さほど

sahodo — Not so much; not particularly; to that extent

違い

chigai — Difference; distinction; discrepancy between things

食べ物

tabemono — Food; things to eat; edible items

豊富

hōfu — Abundant; plentiful; rich in supply

みんな

minna — Everyone; all; everybody together

お互い

otagai — Each other; mutually; one another

仲良く

nakayoku — Getting along well; in a friendly manner

やって

yatte — Doing; managing; te-form of yaru

た

ta — Past tense auxiliary indicating completed action

さん

san — Honorific suffix used after names politely

同じ

onaji — Same; identical; not different from another

暮らして

kurashite — Living; spending daily life; te-form of kurasu

好き

suki — Liked; fond of; having affection for something

行き来

ikiki — Coming and going; visiting back and forth

日

hi / nichi — Day; sun; a unit of time

光

hikari — Light; radiance; brightness from the sun

楽しみ

tanoshimi — Enjoyment; pleasure; looking forward to something

近所

kinjo — Neighborhood; the area near one's home

仲間

nakama — Companion; friend; member of the same group

楽しい

tanoshii — Fun; enjoyable; pleasant experience or moment

時

toki — Time; moment; occasion when something happens

共

tomo — Together; jointly; sharing with one another

過ごした

sugoshita — Spent time; passed time; past tense of sugosu

好いて

suite — Liking; being fond of; te-form of suku

いて

ite — Being present; te-form of iru (to be)

訪ねて

tazunete — Visiting; calling on; te-form of tazuneru

いく

iku — To go; to proceed toward a place

いつ

itsu — When; at what time; interrogative of time

でも

demo — But; even; however; no matter what

必ず

kanarazu — Always; certainly; without fail

歓迎

kangei — Welcome; reception; greeting someone warmly

さ

sa — Casual sentence-ending particle or nominalizer

れた

reta — Passive past suffix indicating action done to subject

しかし

shikashi — However; but; nevertheless; indicating contrast

決して

kesshite — Never; by no means; used with negatives

あった

atta — There was; existed; past tense of aru

他人

tanin — Other people; strangers; those not in one's group

出す

dasu — To put out; to produce; to bring forth

とも

tomo — Even so; both; regardless; together with

自分

jibun — Oneself; one's own; reflexive pronoun

関係

kankei — Relationship; connection; relevance to something

ない

nai — Not; negative; does not exist or happen

ところ

tokoro — Place; point; situation; a location or spot

首

kubi — Neck; head; also means dismissal colloquially

突っ込ま

tsukkoma — Thrust into; poke into; stem of tsukkomu

長い

nagai — Long; lengthy; extended in time or space

間

aida / ma — Between; during; a span of time or space

緑

midori — Green; the color of plants and nature

森

mori — Forest; woods; a dense area of trees

草原

sōgen — Grassland; meadow; open grassy plain

すべて

subete — All; everything; every single thing

者

mono — Person; one who does; a being or individual

とって

totte — For; regarding; from the perspective of someone

万事

banji — All things; everything; all matters

うまく

umaku — Well; skillfully; successfully; going smoothly

いって

itte — Going; saying; te-form of iku or iu

苦しい

kurushii — Painful; difficult; hard to bear or endure

時代

jidai — Era; age; period of time in history

きた

kita — Came; arrived; past tense of kuru (to come)

どんどん

dondon — Rapidly; increasingly; one after another

厳しく

kibishiku — Strictly; severely; harshly; adverb of kibishii

いった

itta — Went; said; past tense of iku or iu