Mother West Wind "Why" Stories — Page 86

Vocabulary

さて

sate — Well; now then; used to shift topic

あの

ano — That (over there); used to refer distantly

おんぼろ

onboro — Dilapidated; worn-out; shabby and old

な

na — Adjectival particle; also emotional sentence-ending particle

小さな

chiisana — Small; little; tiny in size

家

ie — House; home; dwelling place

に

ni — Particle indicating location, direction, or time

ひとり

hitori — One person; alone; by oneself

で

de — Particle indicating means, location of action, or reason

住ん

sun (住む/sumu) — To live; to reside; to dwell somewhere

い

i (いる/iru) — To exist; to be present (for living things)

た

ta — Past tense grammatical suffix

おばあさん

obaasan — Old woman; grandmother; elderly female

は

wa — Topic marker particle in Japanese grammar

ろくでなし

rokudenashi — Good-for-nothing; scoundrel; worthless person

の

no — Possessive or nominalizing particle

が

ga — Subject marker particle in Japanese grammar

爪先

tsumasaki — Tiptoe; tip of the toes or claws

を

wo — Object marker particle in Japanese grammar

温めよ

atatameyo — Warm up; heat; volitional form of warm

う

u — Volitional suffix meaning let's or shall

と

to — Particle meaning and, with, or quotation marker

煙突

entotsu — Chimney; smokestack; flue pipe

止まっ

tomatt (止まる/tomaru) — To stop; to perch; to come to rest

見て

mite — Looking; watching; seeing (te-form of 見る)

なかっ

nakatt (なかった/nakatta) — Did not; was not; negative past auxiliary

そして

soshite — And then; and so; subsequently

暖炉

danro — Fireplace; hearth; indoor fire source

中

naka — Inside; middle; within something

から

kara — From; since; because; particle of origin

その

sono — That; the (referring to nearby thing)

声

koe — Voice; sound produced by speaking or calling

聞こえ

kikoye (聞こえる/kikoeru) — To be heard; to be audible; sound reaches

て

te — Te-form connective particle linking clauses

き

ki (来る/kuru) — To come; came (in compound verb forms)

とき

toki — Time; moment; when; occasion

ちいさな

chiisana — Little; small; tiny (attributive adjective form)

すっかり

sukkari — Completely; entirely; thoroughly; all at once

慌て

awate (慌てる/awateru) — To panic; to fluster; to be flustered

ふためき

futameki (ふためく/futameku) — To be in a great panic or commotion

恐ろしく

osoroshiku — Terribly; dreadfully; in a frightening manner

なっ

natt (なる/naru) — Became; turned into (past conjunctive form)

しまっ

shimatt (しまう/shimau) — Ended up; unfortunately did (auxiliary verb)

そうとも

soutomo — Indeed so; certainly; that's right indeed

彼女

kanojo — She; her; girlfriend

怖がっ

kowagatt (怖がる/kowagaru) — Was afraid; felt scared; showed fear

だ

da — Copula; is; am; are (plain form)

よ

yo — Sentence-ending particle for emphasis or assertion

あまり

amari — Too much; so much; excessively (with negative)

も

mo — Also; too; even; as many as (particle)

怖く

kowaku — Scary; frightening (adverbial adjective form)

鍋

nabe — Pot; cooking pan; stew pot

いっぱい

ippai — Full; a lot; brimming; filled to capacity

スープ

suupu — Soup; broth; liquid food dish

そのまま

sonomama — Just as it is; without change; as-is

火

hi — Fire; flame; blaze

ひっくり返し

hikkurikaeshi — Overturned; knocked over; flipped upside down

もちろん

mochiron — Of course; naturally; needless to say

それ

sore — That; it (referring to something near listener)

ひどい

hidoi — Terrible; awful; severe; dreadful situation

有様

arisama — State; condition; spectacle; sorry sight

もの

mono — Thing; object; also softens statements

すごい

sugoi — Amazing; terrible; intense; incredible

煙

kemuri — Smoke; fumes; haze from fire

熱い

atsui — Hot to the touch; burning; heated

灰

hai — Ash; cinders; residue after burning

舞い上がっ

maiagatt (舞い上がる/maiagaru) — Rose up swirling; flew up; billowed upward

窒息

chissoku — Suffocation; choking; asphyxiation

さ

sa — Causative or softening suffix; also sentence filler

せる

seru — Causative verb suffix meaning to make or let

ほど

hodo — To the extent that; about; approximately

だっ

datt (だった/datta) — Was; were (past tense of copula)

熱気

nekki — Heat; hot air; feverish atmosphere

頭

atama — Head; mind; top part of body

首

kubi — Neck; head; nape area

羽毛

umou — Feathers; down; plumage of a bird

焼い

yai (焼く/yaku) — Burned; scorched; singed by heat

しまい

shimai — Ended up doing; finishing (auxiliary usage)

すす

susu — Soot; black carbon residue from fire

体

karada — Body; physical form; one's whole body

黒く

kuroku — Blackly; in a black manner; turned black

し

shi — Did; and (conjunctive form of する or し)

ただし

tadashi — However; but; provided that; except

閉じ

toji (閉じる/tojiru) — To close; shut; sealed closed

まま

mama — As is; remaining in a state; unchanged condition

足

ashi — Foot; leg; lower limb

脚

ashi/kyaku — Leg; limb; lower appendage of animal

翼

tsubasa — Wing; wings of a bird or aircraft

内側

uchigawa — Inside; inner side; interior surface

除い

nozoi (除く/nozoku) — Excluding; except for; removing from consideration

さん

san — Honorific title; Mr., Mrs., Ms.

大きな

ookina — Big; large; great (attributive adjective)

鳴き声

nakigoe — Cry; call; sound made by an animal

上げ

age (上げる/ageru) — To raise; to lift up; to give

飛び去っ

tobisatt (飛び去る/tobisaru) — Flew away; took off and departed quickly

帰っ

Returned; went back home

何度

nando — How many times; many times; repeatedly

払い落とそ

haraiotouso (払い落とす/haraiotosu) — Tried to shake off; brush away completely

もう

mou — Already; anymore; soon; no longer

皮膚

hifu — Skin; the outer covering of the body

染み込ん

shimikonde (染み込む/shimikomu) — Soaked in; seeped into; absorbed deeply

そこ

soko — There; that place; that spot

残り続け

nokoritsudzuke (残り続ける/nokoritsuzukeru) — Continued to remain; kept staying permanently

以来

irai — Since then; ever since; from that time

彼

kare — He; him; that male person

黒い

kuroi — Black; dark-colored

話しかけ

hanashikake (話しかける/hanashikakeru) — To speak to; to address; to start talking

られ

rare — Passive or potential verb suffix

なけれ

nakere (なければ/nakereba) — Unless; if not; must (conditional negative)

ば

ba — Conditional particle meaning if or when

決して

kesshite — Never; by no means; absolutely not

口

kuchi — Mouth; opening; entrance

きか

kika (聞かす/kikasu or 利く/kiku) — To speak; to use one's voice or mouth

ず

zu — Negative verb suffix meaning without doing

唸る

unaru — To growl; to groan; to moan or rumble

だけ

dake — Only; just; merely; that much

子供

kodomo — Child; children; young person

たち

tachi — Plural suffix for people or animals

同じ

onaji — Same; identical; equal; alike

また

mata — Again; also; moreover; in addition

南

minami — South; southern direction

方

kata/hou — Direction; way; person (honorific); side

いる

iru — To exist; to be (for living things)

わし

washi — I; me (old man's first-person pronoun)

いとこ

itoko — Cousin; relative of same generation

持っ

mott (持つ/motsu) — To hold; to have; to possess

理由

riyuu — Reason; cause; grounds; justification

じゃ

ja — Well then; that being the case (casual)

じいさん

jiisan — Old man; grandfather; elderly male person

話

hanashi — Story; talk; conversation; narrative

締めくくっ

shimekukutt (締めくくる/shimekukuru) — Wrapped up; concluded; brought to a close

聞い

kiite (聞く/kiku) — Listened; heard (te-form or conjunctive)

者

mono/sha — Person; one who does; individual

輪

wa — Circle; ring; loop; group gathered around

満足

manzoku — Satisfaction; contentment; being pleased

ため息

tameiki — Sigh; a long exhaled breath of emotion

ひとまわり

hitomawari — Once around; one cycle; going around once

いつも

itsumo — Always; usually; all the time

よう

you — Like; as if; in the manner of; seems

最初

saisho — First; beginning; the very start

開い

hiraite (開く/hiraku) — Opened; spread open; unfolded