Notre-Dame de Paris — Page 8

Vocabulary

Nếu

Nếu — If; used to introduce a conditional clause

chúng

chúng — We/they; plural pronoun prefix

ta

ta — We/us; first person plural pronoun

những

những — Plural marker for nouns in Vietnamese

con

con — Classifier for people, animals, or children

người

người — Person; human being

của

của — Of; possessive particle indicating belonging

năm

năm — Year; also means the number five

được

được — To be allowed; to receive or obtain something

phép

phép — Permission; rule or courtesy

hòa

hòa — To blend, merge, or harmonize with something

mình

mình — Oneself; reflexive pronoun or intimate 'we'

trong

trong — In; inside; within a space or context

tưởng

tưởng — To imagine; to think or suppose something

tượng

tượng — Image; statue; part of 'imagination' compound

với

với — With; together with someone or something

thế

thế — Thus; so; world; used in many compounds

kỷ

kỷ — Century; period of one hundred years

mười

mười — Ten; the number ten

lăm

lăm — Five; used in compound numbers like fifteen

và

và — And; conjunction connecting words or clauses

cùng

cùng — Together with; also; jointly

họ

họ — They/them; third person plural pronoun

chen

chen — To squeeze into; to jostle in a crowd

chúc

chúc — To jostle; part of 'chen chúc' meaning crowding

bị

bị — To suffer; passive marker for negative actions

húc

húc — To butt or ram into someone forcefully

vai

vai — Shoulder; role in a play or story

xô

xô — To push or shove someone roughly

đẩy

đẩy — To push forward or propel something

bước

bước — To step; a step or pace forward

vào

vào — Into; to enter a place or state

căn

căn — Classifier for rooms or enclosed spaces

đại

đại — Great; large; grand; prefix for grandeur

sảnh

sảnh — Hall; large entrance or reception room

mênh

mênh — Vast; part of 'mênh mông' meaning immense

mông

mông — Vast; boundless; part of 'mênh mông'

cung

cung — Palace; royal court or bow instrument

điện

điện — Palace hall; electricity; royal building

nơi

nơi — Place; location where something occurs

đã

đã — Already; past tense marker in Vietnamese

chật

chật — Cramped; tight; packed with little space

cứng

cứng — Stiff; hard; rigid; packed solid

ngày

ngày — Day; daytime period

mồng

mồng — Ordinal prefix for days of the month

sáu

sáu — Six; the number six

tháng

tháng — Month; one of twelve calendar months

Giêng

Giêng — January; first month of the year

ấy

ấy — That; those; referring to something mentioned

thì

thì — Then; topic marker or conditional result

cảnh

cảnh — Scene; scenery; a visual situation or view

đó

đó — That; there; pointing to something nearby

hẳn

hẳn — Certainly; surely; without a doubt

sẽ

sẽ — Will; future tense marker in Vietnamese

không

không — No; not; negation particle

thiếu

thiếu — To lack; to be short of something

đi

đi — To go; directional or imperative particle

sự

sự — Nominalizer for abstract nouns or events

thú

thú — Interest; pleasure; charm or amusement

vị

vị — Flavor; taste; honorific classifier for people

lẫn

lẫn — Along with; mixed together; as well as

vẻ

vẻ — Appearance; charm; air or look of something

quyến

quyến — To attract; to charm; part of 'quyến rũ'

rũ

rũ — To allure; part of 'quyến rũ' meaning attractive

xung

xung — Around; surrounding; part of 'xung quanh'

quanh

quanh — Around; surrounding area; nearby

chỉ

chỉ — Only; merely; just; to point at

toàn

toàn — All; entirely; completely full of something

thứ

thứ — Thing; ordinal marker; type or kind

xưa

xưa — Old; ancient; from the past

cũ

cũ — Old; used; worn; not new

đến

đến — To arrive; to reach; until; up to

mức

mức — Level; degree; extent of something

trông

trông — To look; to appear; to watch over

như

như — Like; as; similar to something else

mới

mới — New; recent; just happened

lạ

lạ — Strange; unfamiliar; novel or unusual

Với

Với — With; together with; by means of

đồng

đồng — To agree; together; Vietnamese currency unit

ý

ý — Idea; meaning; intention; to agree

độc

độc — Alone; only; toxic; part of 'độc giả'

giả

giả — Reader; person; fake; part of 'độc giả'

tôi

tôi — I; me; first person singular pronoun

cố

cố — To try hard; to make an effort

gắng

gắng — To strive; to endeavor; part of 'cố gắng'

tái

tái — To recreate; to redo; pale; rare (meat)

hiện

hiện — To appear; to recreate; present; current

lại

lại — Again; back; once more; to return

tư

tư — Private; personal; to think; fourth

cái

cái — The; general classifier for objects

ấn

ấn — Impression; stamp; feeling left on the mind

mà

mà — That; but; which; contrast or relative clause

ông

ông — He/him; grandfather; respectful male pronoun

cảm

cảm — To feel; emotion; sensation

nhận

To receive; to perceive; to recognize

khi

khi — When; at the time of an event

qua

qua — To pass through; across; over

ngưỡng

ngưỡng — Threshold; doorstep; boundary level

cửa

cửa — Door; gate; entrance to a place

giữa

giữa — Middle; among; between two things

đám

đám — Crowd; group; cluster of people or things

đông

đông — Crowded; east; winter; many people

huyên

huyên — Noisy; clamorous; part of 'huyên náo'

náo

náo — Bustling; noisy; part of 'huyên náo'

chiếc

chiếc — Classifier for individual items like clothing

áo

áo — Shirt; garment; piece of clothing

choàng

choàng — Cloak; to drape or wrap around the body

dài

dài — Long; tall; extended in length

khoác

khoác — To wear draped over; to cloak oneself

ngắn

ngắn — Short; brief in length or duration

tay

tay — Hand; arm; sleeve; person with a skill

Và

Và — And; conjunction linking clauses or words

trước

trước — Before; in front; prior to something

hết

hết — First of all; to run out; completely done

tai

tai — Ear; used for hearing sounds

nghe

nghe — To hear; to listen to something

thấy

thấy — To sense; to see; to perceive something

một

một — One; a/an; the number one

tiếng

tiếng — Sound; voice; language; classifier for sounds

ồn

ồn — Noisy; loud; making a lot of sound

ào

ào — Rushing; tumultuous; part of 'ồn ào'

râm

râm — Murmuring; buzzing; part of 'râm ran'

ran

ran — Humming; spreading; part of 'râm ran'

mắt

mắt — Eye; eyes used for seeing

lóa

lóa — Dazzled; blinded by bright light

bởi

bởi — By; because of; due to something

muôn

muôn — Ten thousand; countless; many varied things

vàn

vàn — Countless; myriad; part of 'muôn vàn'

ánh

ánh — Ray; gleam; beam of light

sáng

sáng — Light; bright; morning; to shine

Trên

Trên — Above; on top of; overhead

đầu

đầu — Head; top; beginning of something

là

là — Is/are; to be; linking verb

vòm

vòm — Arch; vault; dome of a ceiling

mái

mái — Roof; ceiling; canopy overhead

đôi

đôi — Pair; double; two of something

hình

hình — Shape; form; image; figure

mũi

mũi — Nose; tip; pointed end of something

tên

tên — Arrow; name; person (sometimes derogatory)

ốp

ốp — To panel; to clad or cover a surface

bằng

bằng — By means of; made of; equal to

tấm

tấm — Classifier for flat sheets or panels

gỗ

gỗ — Wood; timber; wooden material

chạm

chạm — To carve; to engrave; to touch

khắc

khắc — To engrave; to carve; quarter hour

sơn

sơn — Paint; to paint a surface; lacquer

màu

màu — Color; hue; shade of a color

xanh

xanh — Blue or green; color of sky or leaves

da

da — Skin; leather; complexion; hide

trời

trời — Sky; heaven; weather; the heavens

điểm

điểm — To dot; point; score; embellish with details

xuyết

xuyết — To adorn; to stud; part of 'điểm xuyết'

bông

bông — Flower; blossom; cotton; earring

huệ

huệ — Lily flower; grace; benevolence

vàng

vàng — Gold; yellow; golden color

dưới

dưới — Below; under; beneath something

chân

chân — Foot; leg; base of something

nền

nền — Floor; background; foundation

lát

lát — To pave or tile a floor surface

đá

đá — Stone; rock; to kick something

cẩm

cẩm — Brocade; part of 'cẩm thạch' meaning marble

thạch

thạch — Stone; rock; part of 'cẩm thạch' marble

đen

đen — Black; dark in color

trắng

trắng — White; pale; light in color

xen

xen — To intersperse; to alternate; to mix in

kẽ

kẽ — Gap; crack; interstice between things

nhau

nhau — Each other; one another; mutually

Cách

Cách — Apart; away; at a distance from something

vài

vài — A few; several; some small number

cây

cây — Tree; plant; classifier for tall objects

cột

cột — Column; pillar; supporting post

khổng

khổng — Huge; gigantic; part of 'khổng lồ'

lồ

lồ — Giant; enormous; part of 'khổng lồ'

rồi

rồi — Then; already; after that; done

nữa

nữa — More; furthermore; additionally; another

tất

tất — All; entire; part of 'tất cả'

cả

cả — All; entire; even; part of 'tất cả'

bảy

bảy — Seven; the number seven

chạy

chạy — To run; to extend along a direction

dọc

dọc — Lengthwise; along the length of something

theo

theo — To follow; along; according to

chiều

chiều — Direction; length dimension; afternoon

đường

đường — Road; path; way; sugar

đỡ

đỡ — To support; to hold up; to bear weight

lấy

lấy — To take; to get; to support or hold

phần

phần — Part; portion; section of something

khởi

khởi — To begin; to start; to spring up

ngay

ngay — Right; immediately; straight; directly

ở

ở — At; in; to live or reside somewhere

chính

chính — Main; central; primary; exactly

rộng

rộng — Wide; broad; spacious; roomy

Xung

Xung — Around; surrounding; part of 'xung quanh'

bốn

bốn — Four; the number four

các

các — Plural marker for definite nouns

gian

gian — Bay; compartment; section of a building

hàng

hàng — Goods; shop stall; row; merchandise

thương

thương — Merchant; trade; commerce; to love

nhân

nhân — Person; factor; cause; human being

lấp

lấp — To glitter; to fill; part of 'lấp lánh'

lánh

lánh — To glisten; to shine; part of 'lấp lánh'

thủy

thủy — Water; glass; part of 'thủy tinh' glass

tinh

tinh — Crystal; essence; part of 'thủy tinh' glass

kim

kim — Gold; metal; needle; part of 'kim tuyến'

tuyến

tuyến — Thread; line; part of 'kim tuyến' tinsel

ba

ba — Three; father; the number three

còn

còn — Still; yet; remaining; there are also

ghế

ghế — Chair; seat; a piece of furniture

sồi

sồi — Oak; oak wood; a type of hardwood tree

mòn

mòn — Worn down; eroded; smoothed by use

nhẵn

nhẵn — Smooth; even; polished surface

bóng

bóng — Shiny; glossy; ball; shadow

loáng

loáng — Gleaming; polished; part of 'bóng loáng'

quần

quần — Trousers; pants; a garment for legs

ống

ống — Tube; pipe; leg of trousers

kiện

kiện — Case; lawsuit; legal matter

tụng

tụng — To litigate; to recite; part of 'kiện tụng'

thụng

thụng — Baggy; loose and hanging; flowing garment

luật

luật — Law; rule; legal principle

sư

sư — Master; teacher; monk; part of 'luật sư'