Old Mother West Wind — Page 1

Vocabulary

は

wa — Topic marker particle indicating the sentence topic

みんな

minna — Everyone, everybody, all people

が

ga — Subject marker particle identifying the grammatical subject

知っている

shitte iru — To know, to be aware of something

よう

yō — Like, as, in the manner of something

に

ni — Particle indicating direction, location, or purpose

縞模様

shima moyō — Striped pattern, a design of alternating colored stripes

の

no — Possessive or linking particle connecting nouns

服

fuku — Clothes, clothing, garments worn on the body

を

wo — Object marker particle indicating the direct object

着て

kite — Wearing, putting on (clothes), te-form of kiru

い

i — Auxiliary verb stem indicating ongoing state or action

ます

masu — Polite verb ending indicating present or future tense

黒

kuro — Black, the darkest color, absence of light

と

to — And, with; particle connecting nouns or quoting

白

shiro — White, the lightest color, absence of darkness

です

desu — Polite copula meaning is, am, or are

ずっと

zutto — For a long time, continuously, all along

昔

mukashi — Long ago, the old days, ancient times

一家

ikka — A family, a household, one's entire family

黒い

kuroi — Black (adjective), dark-colored, of black appearance

いた

ita — Was, existed, past tense of iru (animate)

時代

jidai — Era, age, period of time in history

あり

ari — There was, existed; stem form of aru

まし

mashi — Polite past auxiliary verb stem, used with ta

た

ta — Past tense verb ending indicating completed action

その

sono — That, those; demonstrative adjective near the listener

毛皮

kegawa — Fur, animal hide with hair still attached

とても

totemo — Very, extremely, quite; intensifier adverb

立派

rippa — Splendid, magnificent, admirable, fine quality

で

de — Particle indicating means, location of action, or and

美しく

utsukushiku — Beautifully, in a beautiful manner; adverb form

光沢

kōtaku — Luster, gloss, sheen on a surface

ある

aru — To exist, to have, to be (inanimate things)

でし

deshi — Polite past copula stem, used before ta

彼ら

karera — They, them; third-person plural pronoun

誇り

hokori — Pride, a feeling of honor and self-respect

思い

omoi — Thought, feeling, idea; noun form of omou

一日

ichinichi — One day, a whole day, all day long

何度

nando — How many times, several times, repeatedly

も

mo — Also, too, even; inclusive or emphatic particle

丁寧

teinei — Polite, careful, thorough, done with great care

して

shite — Doing; te-form of suru connecting actions sequentially

大切

taisetsu — Important, precious, valued, treated with great care

手入れ

teire — Maintenance, grooming, care given to something

し

shi — Doing; conjunctive form of suru, also listing reasons

て

te — Te-form particle connecting verbs or making requests

当時

tōji — At that time, in those days, back then

今

ima — Now, the present moment, currently

同じ

onaji — Same, identical, equal in nature or appearance

彼

kare — He, him; third-person masculine singular pronoun

長

chō — Chief, head, leader of a group or family

この

kono — This; demonstrative adjective close to the speaker

高慢

kōman — Arrogant, haughty, conceited, excessively proud

自分

jibun — Oneself, myself, yourself; reflexive pronoun

たいそう

taisō — Very, greatly, extremely; emphatic adverb

な

na — Adjectival particle linking na-adjectives to nouns

紳士

shinshi — Gentleman, a man of refined manners and status

だ

da — Plain form copula meaning is, am, or are

思って

omotte — Thinking, believing; te-form of omou

独立心

dokuritsu-shin — Independent spirit, desire for self-reliance

強く

tsuyoku — Strongly, powerfully; adverb form of tsuyoi

誰

dare — Who, whoever; interrogative or indefinite pronoun

こと

koto — Thing, matter, fact; nominalizer for verb phrases

気に

ki ni — To mind, to care about, to be concerned with

かけ

kake — Caring for, worrying about; stem of kakeru

ませ

mase — Polite negative auxiliary verb stem before n

ん

n — Negative ending, contraction of nai in polite speech

他

hoka — Other, another, different, the rest

多く

ōku — Many, much, a large number or amount

強い

tsuyoi — Strong, powerful, tough, robust

人たち

hitotachi — People, a group of persons, folks

同様

dōyō — Similarly, likewise, in the same way

他者

tasha — Others, other people, third parties

権利

kenri — Rights, entitlements, legal or moral claims

いつも

itsumo — Always, usually, all the time, habitually

考える

kangaeru — To think, to consider, to reflect on something

わけ

wake — Reason, meaning, the case; explanatory expression

では

dewa — In that case, well then; contrastive or transitional

実際

jissai — In reality, actually, in practice, in fact

森

mori — Forest, woods, a dense area of trees

や

ya — And, or; particle listing examples non-exhaustively

緑

midori — Green, the color of grass and leaves

草原

sōgen — Grassland, meadow, open field covered with grass

行い

okonai — Conduct, behavior, deed, action performed

すべて

subete — All, everything, entirely, without exception

日

hi — Day, sun, daytime, a single day

目

me — Eye, eyesight; also used in ordinal expressions

見られる

mirareru — Can be seen, is visible; passive or potential of miru

もの

mono — Thing, object, one who; nominalizing expression

ない

nai — Not exist, not have; negative form of aru

囁か

sasayaka — Whispered; stem of sasayaku, to whisper softly

れて

rete — Passive te-form ending; being done to subject

夜中

yonaka — Middle of the night, midnight, late at night

うろつく

urotsuku — To wander, to loiter, to roam about aimlessly

好き

suki — Like, fond of, preference for something

すぎる

sugiru — Too much, to exceed, to go beyond a limit

公然

kōzen — Openly, publicly, without concealment

言われ

iware — Being said, told; passive stem of iu

夜

yoru — Night, nighttime, the hours of darkness

行われ

okonaware — Being performed, carried out; passive of okonau

いたずら

itazura — Mischief, prank, naughty or troublesome behavior

責任

sekinin — Responsibility, accountability, duty, obligation

証明

shōmei — Proof, demonstration, evidence establishing a fact

できる

dekiru — Can do, to be able to, to be possible

者

mono — Person, one who, individual with a certain quality

見て

mite — Seeing, looking; te-form of miru

なかっ

nakatt- — Was not; past negative stem, used before ta

から

kara — Because, since, from; causal or starting-point particle

という

to iu — Called, named, that is to say; quotative expression

あまりに

amari ni — Too, excessively, so much that something results

黒かっ

kurokatt- — Was black; past stem of kuroi, the adjective black

ため

tame — Because of, for the sake of, due to a reason

暗闇

kurayami — Darkness, pitch black, the dark without any light

中

naka — Inside, within, middle, among, in the midst of

まったく

mattaku — Completely, entirely, utterly, not at all (negative)

見え

mie — Visible, can be seen; stem of mieru

さて

sate — Well, now then; transitional expression changing topic

私

watashi — I, me; first-person singular pronoun, polite

お話し

ohanashi — Story, tale; polite noun form of hanasu (to speak)

いる

iru — To exist, to be present (animate); auxiliary verb

頃

koro — Around the time of, about when, approximately then

おばさん

obasan — Aunt, middle-aged woman; familiar term of address

大きな

ōkina — Big, large, great; pre-noun adjectival form

松

matsu — Pine tree, an evergreen coniferous tree

木

ki — Tree, wood, timber; a plant with a trunk

根元

nemoto — Base of a tree, the root area at ground level

巣

su — Nest, den, a home built by an animal

作り

tsukuri — Making, building; noun or conjunctive form of tsukuru

そこ

soko — There, that place; demonstrative pronoun for location

十五

jūgo — Fifteen, the number 15

個

ko — Counter for small objects like eggs or items

美しい

utsukushii — Beautiful, lovely, attractive in appearance

淡黄色

tankōshoku — Pale yellow color, light yellowish hue

卵

tamago — Egg, an oval object laid by birds or animals

産み

umi — Laying, giving birth to; stem of umu