On Liberty — Page 4

English → It Preface Level 9/10

_Liberty_ was published shortly after, as well as the _Thoughts on Parliamentary Reform_, and no year passed without Mill making important contributions on the political, philosophical, and ethical questions of the day.

_La Libertà_ fu pubblicata poco dopo, così come i _Pensieri sulla Riforma Parlamentare_, e non passò anno senza che Mill apportasse importanti contributi alle questioni politiche, filosofiche ed etiche del tempo.

Seven years after the death of his wife, Mill was invited to contest Westminster.

Sette anni dopo la morte della moglie, Mill fu invitato a contendersi il seggio di Westminster.

His feeling on the conduct of elections made him refuse to take any personal action in the matter, and he gave the frankest expression to his political views, but nevertheless he was elected by a large majority.

Il suo sentimento riguardo alla condotta delle elezioni lo indusse a rifiutare di intraprendere qualsiasi azione personale in merito, ed egli espresse nel modo più franco le sue opinioni politiche, ma ciononostante fu eletto con un ampio margine di voti.

He was not a conventional success in the House; as a speaker he lacked magnetism.

Non fu un successo convenzionale alla Camera; come oratore mancava di magnetismo.

But his influence was widely felt.

Ma la sua influenza si fece ampiamente sentire.

"For the sake of the House of Commons at large," said Mr. Gladstone, "I rejoiced in his advent and deplored his disappearance.

«Nell'interesse della Camera dei Comuni nel suo insieme», disse il signor Gladstone, «mi rallegrai del suo avvento e deploro la sua scomparsa.

He did us all good."

Fece del bene a tutti noi.»

After only three years in Parliament, he was defeated at the next General Election by Mr. W. H. Smith.

Dopo soli tre anni in Parlamento, fu sconfitto alle successive elezioni generali dal signor W. H. Smith.

He retired to Avignon, to the pleasant little house where the happiest years of his life had been spent in the companionship of his wife, and continued his disinterested labours.

Si ritirò ad Avignone, nella graziosa piccola casa dove aveva trascorso gli anni più felici della sua vita in compagnia della moglie, e continuò i suoi disinteressati lavori.

He completed his edition of his father's _Analysis of the Mind_, and also produced, in addition to less important work, _The Subjection of Women_, in which he had the active co-operation of his step-daughter.

Completò la sua edizione dell'_Analisi della Mente_ di suo padre, e produsse inoltre, oltre a lavori di minore importanza, _La Soggezione delle Donne_, alla quale ebbe l'attiva collaborazione della sua figliastra.

A book on Socialism was under consideration, but, like an earlier study of Sociology, it never was written.

Un libro sul Socialismo era in fase di elaborazione, ma, come un precedente studio di Sociologia, non fu mai scritto.

Vocabulary

La: Feminine definite article meaning 'the'.
Libertà: Freedom or liberty, a fundamental political concept.
fu: Was; third person singular past tense of 'essere'.
pubblicata: Published; past participle of 'pubblicare'.
poco: Little, not much, or shortly before/after.
dopo: After or afterwards, indicating sequence in time.
così: So, thus, or in this way.
come: As, like, or how; used for comparisons.
i: Masculine plural definite article meaning 'the'.
Pensieri: Thoughts or reflections; plural of 'pensiero'.
sulla: Contraction of 'su' and 'la', meaning 'on the'.
Riforma: Reform; a change to improve a system or institution.
Parlamentare: Parliamentary; relating to a parliament or legislature.
e: And; basic coordinating conjunction linking words.
non: Not; basic negation word in Italian.
passò: Passed; third person singular past of 'passare'.
anno: Year; a period of twelve months.
senza: Without; indicating the absence of something.
che: That, which, or who; versatile conjunction or pronoun.
apportasse: Brought, contributed; imperfect subjunctive of 'apportare'.
importanti: Important; significant or noteworthy, plural adjective.
contributi: Contributions; inputs or additions to a field or work.
alle: Contraction of 'a' and 'le', meaning 'to the'.
questioni: Questions or issues; matters under discussion or debate.
politiche: Political; relating to politics or governance, plural.
filosofiche: Philosophical; relating to philosophy, plural feminine adjective.
ed: And; variant of 'e' used before vowels.
etiche: Ethical; relating to ethics or moral principles, plural.
del: Contraction of 'di' and 'il', meaning 'of the'.
tempo: Time or era; also means weather depending on context.
Sette: Seven; the number 7.
anni: Years; plural of 'anno'.
la: Feminine definite article meaning 'the'.
morte: Death; the end of life.
della: Contraction of 'di' and 'la', meaning 'of the'.
moglie: Wife; a woman in a marriage relationship.
invitato: Invited; past participle of 'invitare'.
a: To or at; basic preposition indicating direction or location.
contendersi: To compete for; to contest or vie for something.
il: Masculine singular definite article meaning 'the'.
seggio: Seat; especially a parliamentary or electoral seat.
di: Of or from; basic Italian preposition.
Il: Masculine singular definite article meaning 'the'.
suo: His, her, or its; possessive adjective or pronoun.
sentimento: Feeling or sentiment; an emotional attitude toward something.
riguardo: Regard or respect; also means 'concerning' or 'about'.
alla: Contraction of 'a' and 'la', meaning 'to the'.
condotta: Conduct or behavior; the way something is carried out.
delle: Contraction of 'di' and 'le', meaning 'of the'.
elezioni: Elections; formal processes of voting for candidates.
lo: Him or it; masculine singular direct object pronoun.
indusse: Induced, led; third person singular past of 'indurre'.
rifiutare: To refuse; to decline or reject something offered.
intraprendere: To undertake; to begin or engage in an activity.
qualsiasi: Any or whatever; an indefinite adjective of any kind.
azione: Action; an act or deed performed by someone.
personale: Personal; relating to an individual person.
in: In or into; basic preposition of location or movement.
merito: Merit; also used in phrase 'in merito a' meaning 'regarding'.
egli: He; third person singular masculine subject pronoun.
espresse: Expressed; third person singular past of 'esprimere'.
nel: Contraction of 'in' and 'il', meaning 'in the'.
modo: Way or manner; the style in which something is done.
più: More or most; used in comparatives and superlatives.
franco: Frank or candid; openly honest without reservation.
le: Feminine plural definite article or indirect object pronoun.
sue: Her, his, or its; feminine plural possessive adjective.
opinioni: Opinions; personal views or judgments on a topic.
ma: But; coordinating conjunction expressing contrast.
ciononostante: Nevertheless or nonetheless; despite what was just said.
eletto: Elected; chosen by vote for a position or office.
con: With; basic preposition indicating accompaniment or means.
un: A or an; masculine singular indefinite article.
ampio: Wide, broad, or large; describing a generous margin.
margine: Margin; the difference or gap between two scores or amounts.
voti: Votes; expressions of preference in an election.
Non: Not; negation word placed before verbs.
successo: Success; also the past participle of 'succedere' (happened).
convenzionale: Conventional; following established norms or traditions.
Camera: Chamber; refers to a legislative body or house of parliament.
oratore: Orator or speaker; one who delivers public speeches.
mancava: Lacked; third person singular imperfect of 'mancare'.
magnetismo: Magnetism; a compelling personal charm or attraction.
Ma: But; coordinating conjunction expressing contrast.
sua: His, her, or its; feminine singular possessive adjective.
influenza: Influence; the power to affect people or events.
si: Reflexive pronoun or impersonal subject meaning 'oneself'.
fece: Made or did; third person singular past of 'fare'.
ampiamente: Widely or broadly; to a great extent.
sentire: To feel or hear; a common verb of perception.
Nell'interesse: In the interest of; for the benefit of someone.
dei: Contraction of 'di' and 'i', meaning 'of the' (plural).
Comuni: Commons; the lower house of the British Parliament.
insieme: Together; in company with others.
disse: Said; third person singular past tense of 'dire'.
signor: Mr.; a title of respect for a man.
mi: Me or myself; first person singular object pronoun.
rallegrai: I rejoiced; first person singular past of 'rallegrare'.
avvento: Advent or arrival; the coming of a notable person.
deploro: I deplore; first person present of 'deplorare', regret.
scomparsa: Disappearance or departure; also means death euphemistically.
Fece: Did or made; third person singular past of 'fare'.
bene: Well or good; indicating a positive outcome or manner.
tutti: All or everyone; masculine plural indefinite pronoun.
noi: We or us; first person plural subject pronoun.
Dopo: After; indicating something follows in time or sequence.
soli: Only or alone; plural of 'solo'.
tre: Three; the number 3.
Parlamento: Parliament; the national legislative assembly of a country.
sconfitto: Defeated; past participle of 'sconfiggere'.
successive: Successive or subsequent; following in order, plural feminine.
generali: General; here referring to general elections, plural.
dal: Contraction of 'da' and 'il', meaning 'by the' or 'from the'.
Si: Reflexive pronoun; used to form reflexive or passive verbs.
ritirò: Retired or withdrew; third person singular past of 'ritirarsi'.
ad: To or at; variant of 'a' used before vowels.
nella: Contraction of 'in' and 'la', meaning 'in the'.
graziosa: Charming or pretty; used to describe a pleasant dwelling.
piccola: Small or little; feminine singular adjective of size.
casa: House or home; a place where someone lives.
dove: Where; an adverb of place used in relative clauses.
aveva: Had; third person singular imperfect of 'avere'.
trascorso: Spent (time); past participle of 'trascorrere'.
gli: Masculine plural definite article or indirect object pronoun.
felici: Happy; plural adjective describing joyful moments or years.
vita: Life; the existence of a living being.
compagnia: Company; the presence of others, companionship.
continuò: Continued; third person singular past of 'continuare'.
suoi: His, her, its; masculine plural possessive adjective.
disinteressati: Selfless or disinterested; done without personal gain.
lavori: Works or labors; plural of 'lavoro', tasks or writings.
Completò: Completed; third person singular past of 'completare'.
edizione: Edition; a version of a published work.
dell': Contraction of 'di' and 'l'', meaning 'of the'.
Analisi: Analysis; systematic examination of a subject or text.
Mente: Mind; the cognitive and intellectual faculty of a person.
padre: Father; a male parent.
produsse: Produced; third person singular past of 'produrre'.
inoltre: Furthermore or in addition; used to add information.
oltre: Beyond or besides; also used to mean 'more than'.
minore: Minor or lesser; of smaller importance or size.
importanza: Importance; the quality of being significant or valuable.
Soggezione: Subjection or subordination; the state of being subject to someone.
Donne: Women; plural of 'donna', adult female human beings.
quale: Which or who; relative pronoun used in formal contexts.
ebbe: Had; third person singular past of 'avere'.
l'attiva: The active; 'l'' is the elided article before 'attiva'.
collaborazione: Collaboration; working together with others on a project.
figliastra: Stepdaughter; a daughter from a spouse's previous relationship.
Un: A or an; masculine singular indefinite article.
libro: Book; a written or printed work of literature.
sul: Contraction of 'su' and 'il', meaning 'on the'.
Socialismo: Socialism; a political and economic theory of collective ownership.
era: Was; third person singular imperfect of 'essere'.
fase: Phase or stage; a distinct period in a process.
elaborazione: Elaboration or development; the process of working something out.
precedente: Previous or preceding; coming before in time or order.
studio: Study or research; careful examination of a subject.
Sociologia: Sociology; the scientific study of society and social behavior.
mai: Never or ever; used in negative sentences or questions.
scritto: Written; past participle of 'scrivere'.

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