On Liberty — Page 13

English → Japanese Preface Level 9/10

She pointed out the need of such a chapter, and the extreme imperfection of the book without it; she was the cause of my writing it.

「彼女はそのような章の必要性を指摘し、それがなければ本が著しく不完全であることを示した。彼女こそが私にそれを書かせた原因である。」

From this it would appear that she gave Mill that tendency to Socialism which, while it lends a progressive spirit to his speculations on politics, at the same time does not manifestly accord with his earlier advocacy of peasant proprietorships.

このことから、彼女がミルに社会主義への傾向を与えたことが窺われるが、それは彼の政治に関する思索に進歩的な精神をもたらす一方で、彼が以前に唱えた農民自作農制の擁護とは明らかに一致しない。

Nor, again, is it, on the face of it, consistent with those doctrines of individual liberty which, aided by the intellectual companionship of his wife, he propounded in a later work.

また、表面的に見ても、それは彼が妻の知的な交わりに助けられながら後の著作において展開した個人の自由に関する諸原理とも一致しない。

The ideal of individual freedom is not the ideal of Socialism, just as that invocation of governmental aid to which the Socialist resorts is not consistent with the theory of laisser-faire.

個人の自由という理想は社会主義の理想ではなく、ちょうど社会主義者が頼りとする政府の援助への訴えがレッセ・フェールの理論と一致しないのと同様である。

Yet Liberty was planned by Mill and his wife in concert.

それにもかかわらず、『自由論』はミルと彼の妻が共同で構想したものである。

Perhaps a slight visionariness of speculation was no less the attribute of Mrs. Mill than an absence of rigid logical principles.

おそらく、厳格な論理的原則の欠如と同様に、思索におけるわずかな夢想的傾向もミル夫人の特質であったのかもしれない。

Be this as it may, she undoubtedly checked the half-recognised leanings of her husband in the direction of Coleridge and Carlyle.

いずれにせよ、彼女が夫のコールリッジやカーライルへの方向における半ば意識された傾向を抑制したことは疑いない。

Whether this was an instance of her steadying influence, or whether it added one more unassimilated element to Mill's diverse intellectual sustenance, may be wisely left an open question.

これが彼女の安定させる影響力の一例であったのか、それともミルの多様な知的糧にさらにもう一つの同化されない要素を加えたものであったのかは、賢明にも未解決の問題として残しておくべきであろう。

We cannot, however, be wrong in attributing to her the parentage of one book of Mill, The Subjection of Women.

しかしながら、ミルの著作の一冊である『女性の隷従』の生みの親を彼女に帰することは誤りではあるまい。

Vocabulary

彼女: kanojo — She, her; also used to mean girlfriend.
は: wa — Topic-marking particle indicating the sentence topic.
そのような: sono you na — Such, that kind of, of that sort.
章: shō — Chapter or section of a book or text.
の: no — Possessive or nominalizing particle linking nouns.
必要性: hitsuyōsei — Necessity, need, or the quality of being required.
を: wo — Object-marking particle indicating the direct object.
指摘: shiteki — To point out, indicate, or draw attention to something.
し: shi — Conjunctive form of suru, connecting clauses together.
それ: sore — That; refers to something near the listener.
が: ga — Subject-marking particle identifying the grammatical subject.
なければ: nakereba — If there is not; conditional negative form.
本: hon — Book; a bound written or printed publication.
著しく: ichijirushiku — Remarkably, notably, to a striking degree.
不完全: fukanzen — Incomplete, imperfect, lacking necessary parts.
で: de — Copula particle indicating state or means.
ある: aru — To be, to exist; copular or existential verb.
こと: koto — Thing, fact, matter; nominalizes a preceding verb clause.
示した: shimeshita — Past tense of show, demonstrate, or indicate something.
こそ: koso — Emphatic particle meaning precisely this, it is exactly.
私: watashi — I, me; first-person singular pronoun.
に: ni — Particle indicating direction, location, or indirect object.
書か: kaka — Stem form of write, used in causative or negative constructions.
せた: seta — Past causative ending meaning made someone do something.
原因: gen'in — Cause, reason, or origin of an event or situation.
この: kono — This; demonstrative adjective referring to something nearby.
から: kara — From; particle indicating starting point or reason.
社会主義: shakaishugi — Socialism; political and economic theory of collective ownership.
へ: e — Directional particle meaning toward or in the direction of.
傾向: keikō — Tendency, inclination, or trend toward something.
与えた: ataeta — Past tense of give or bestow; gave something to someone.
窺われる: ukagareru — Can be glimpsed or inferred; is discernible from evidence.
彼: kare — He, him; third-person masculine singular pronoun.
政治: seiji — Politics, political affairs, or governance.
に関する: ni kansuru — Concerning, regarding, or related to a topic.
思索: shisaku — Deep thinking, contemplation, or philosophical reflection.
進歩的: shinpoteki — Progressive, forward-thinking, favoring reform and advancement.
な: na — Adjectival particle linking na-adjectives to nouns.
精神: seishin — Spirit, mind, mentality, or philosophical outlook.
もたらす: motarasu — To bring about, cause, or introduce something new.
一方: ippō — On the other hand; meanwhile; one side or direction.
以前: izen — Previously, before, formerly, in an earlier time.
唱えた: tonaeta — Past tense of advocate or proclaim; championed a view.
農民: nōmin — Farmer, peasant, or agricultural worker.
擁護: yōgo — Defense, protection, advocacy, or support of a cause.
と: to — And; with; quotation particle connecting elements or clauses.
明らか: akiraka — Clear, obvious, evident, or apparent to everyone.
一致: itchi — Agreement, accord, consistency, or alignment of views.
ない: nai — Not; negation; does not exist or is absent.
また: mata — Also, again, moreover; used to add further information.
表面的: hyōmenteki — Superficial, surface-level, not deep or thorough.
見て: mite — Looking at; gerund form of the verb to see.
も: mo — Also, too, even; inclusive or additive particle.
妻: tsuma — Wife; one's own spouse, female marriage partner.
知的: chiteki — Intellectual, relating to intellect or mental activity.
交わり: majiwari — Association, companionship, intellectual or social intercourse.
助け: tasuke — Help, assistance, support given to someone.
られ: rare — Passive or potential auxiliary suffix in verb conjugation.
ながら: nagara — While doing; conjunction indicating simultaneous actions.
後: nochi / ato — After, later, subsequent; following in time or order.
著作: chosaku — Written work, literary work, or authored publication.
おいて: oite — In, at, regarding; indicates context or location formally.
展開: tenkai — Development, unfolding, or elaboration of ideas or events.
した: shita — Past tense of suru, meaning did or performed an action.
個人: kojin — Individual, personal; pertaining to a single person.
自由: jiyū — Freedom, liberty; absence of constraint or oppression.
諸原理: shogenri — Various principles; the several foundational rules or tenets.
という: to iu — Called, known as; used to name or define something.
理想: risō — Ideal, aspiration, or perfect vision of something.
なく: naku — Without, lacking; negative connective form of nai.
ちょうど: chōdo — Exactly, just, precisely; indicating exact correspondence.
社会主義者: shakaishugisha — Socialist; a person who advocates for socialism.
頼り: tayori — Reliance, dependence; something or someone relied upon.
する: suru — To do; general-purpose action verb.
政府: seifu — Government; the ruling body of a nation or state.
援助: enjo — Aid, assistance, support provided to someone or a group.
訴え: uttae — Appeal, claim, or plea made to someone or a body.
理論: riron — Theory, theoretical framework, or systematic explanation.
同様: dōyō — Similarly, in the same way, likewise.
かかわらず: kakawarazu — Regardless of, despite, notwithstanding a condition.
共同: kyōdō — Joint, cooperative, collaborative, done together with others.
構想: kōsō — Concept, plan, or overall design of a project or work.
もの: mono — Thing, object; nominalizer giving substance to a concept.
おそらく: osoraku — Probably, perhaps, most likely; expressing uncertainty or conjecture.
厳格: genkaku — Strict, rigid, rigorous, or severely principled.
論理的: ronriteki — Logical, based on or following principles of logic.
原則: gensoku — Principle, rule, or fundamental guideline for conduct.
欠如: ketsujo — Lack, absence, deficiency of something necessary.
おける: okeru — In, at, within; formal locative phrase connector.
わずか: wazuka — Slight, small, only a little, merely.
夢想的: musōteki — Dreamy, visionary, unrealistically idealistic or fanciful.
夫人: fujin — Madam, Mrs.; formal title for a married woman.
特質: tokushitsu — Characteristic, distinctive quality, or special trait.
あった: atta — Past tense of aru; was, existed, there was.
か: ka — Question particle; also expresses uncertainty or alternatives.
しれ: shire — Potential form of shiru; used in かもしれない (might be).
いずれ: izure — Either, whichever; also means eventually or sooner or later.
せよ: seyo — Imperative of suru; also used in いずれにせよ meaning anyway.
夫: otto — Husband; one's own male marriage partner.
や: ya — And; particle listing examples among several items.
方向: hōkō — Direction, course, orientation toward a goal or place.
半ば: nakaba — Halfway, partly, in the middle of something.
意識: ishiki — Consciousness, awareness, or being aware of something.
された: sareta — Passive past tense of suru; was done or performed.
抑制: yokusei — Suppression, restraint, or inhibition of something.
疑い: utagai — Doubt, suspicion, or uncertainty about something.
これ: kore — This; demonstrative pronoun referring to something close.
安定: antei — Stability, steadiness, or being in a settled condition.
させる: saseru — Causative verb ending meaning to make or let someone do.
影響力: eikyōryoku — Influence, power to affect others or situations.
一例: ichiren — One example, a single instance illustrating a point.
それとも: soretomo — Or; used to present an alternative in a question.
多様: tayō — Diverse, varied, manifold, of many different kinds.
糧: kate — Sustenance, nourishment; food for body or mind.
さらに: sara ni — Furthermore, moreover, even more, in addition.
もう: mō — Already, anymore; or another, one more.
一つ: hitotsu — One (thing); the number one for counting objects.
同化: dōka — Assimilation, absorption into a group or system.
され: sare — Passive stem of suru; being done or acted upon.
要素: yōso — Element, factor, component, or ingredient of something.
加えた: kuwaeta — Past tense of add; added something to something else.
賢明: kenmei — Wise, prudent, sensible in judgment and decision-making.
未解決: Unresolved, unsettled, still without a solution or answer.
問題: mondai — Problem, issue, question, or matter under consideration.
として: to shite — As, in the capacity of, treating something as something.
残し: nokoshi — Leaving behind; stem form of the verb to leave.
て: te — Te-form connector linking verbs or indicating sequence.
おく: oku — To leave in a state; do in advance for later purpose.
べき: beki — Should, ought to; expressing obligation or expectation.
あろう: arō — Probably is; volitional or presumptive form of aru.
しかし: shikashi — However, but; conjunction indicating contrast or opposition.
一冊: issatsu — One volume; counter for books or bound publications.
女性: josei — Woman, female; referring to the female gender generally.
隷従: reijū — Subjugation, servitude, or being enslaved to another.
生みの親: umi no oya — Creator, originator, or parent who gave birth to something.
帰する: kisuru — To attribute to, ascribe to, or return to an origin.
誤り: ayamari — Error, mistake, or incorrect understanding of something.
まい: mai — Negative volitional; probably not, will not, shall not.

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