On Liberty — Page 8

Vocabulary

nos

In us; to us; reflexive pronoun first person plural

conta

Account, bill, or counts (verb)

em

In, at, on; common Portuguese preposition

sua

His, her, its, your; possessive pronoun

_Vida

Life; beginning of italicized book title

de

Of, from; extremely common Portuguese preposition

que

That, which, who; very common conjunction or pronoun

fez

Did, made; past tense of fazer

uma

A, an; feminine indefinite article

reparação

Reparation, amends, compensation for a wrongdoing

substancial

Substantial, significant, considerable in amount

pela

By the, through the; contraction of por and a

calamidade

Calamity, disaster, great misfortune or catastrophe

qual

Which, that; relative or interrogative pronoun

era

Was; imperfect past tense of ser

responsável

Responsible, accountable for something or someone

induzindo

Inducing, persuading, leading someone to do something

o

The; masculine singular definite article

autor

Author, writer, creator of a literary work

prejudicado

Harmed, damaged, wronged; past participle of prejudicar

a

The; feminine definite article, or preposition to

aceitar

To accept, to receive willingly something offered

metade

Half; one of two equal parts of something

das

Of the; contraction of de and as (feminine plural)

libras

Pounds; British currency or unit of weight

ofereceu

Offered, presented; past tense of oferecer

A

The; feminine singular definite article

senhora

Lady, madam, woman; polite form of address

como

As, like, how; conjunction or adverb

já

Already, now; adverb indicating prior occurrence

disse

Said; past tense of dizer

morreu

Died; past tense of morrer

após

After, following; preposition indicating sequence

sete

Seven; cardinal number

anos

Years; plural of ano

feliz

Happy, joyful, fortunate; common adjective

convivência

Coexistence, living together, companionship over time

com

With; preposition indicating accompaniment

seu

His, her, its, your; masculine possessive pronoun

marido

Husband; a woman's male spouse

e

And; basic coordinating conjunction

foi

Was, went; past tense of ser or ir

sepultada

Buried, interred; past participle of sepultar

inscrição

Inscription, engraving, written text on a surface

escreveu

Wrote; past tense of escrever

para

For, to; very common preposition of purpose or direction

túmulo

Tomb, grave; structure marking a burial site

é

Is; third person singular present of ser

demasiado

Too much, excessively; adverb or adjective

característica

Characteristic, distinctive feature or quality

ser

To be; fundamental Portuguese verb of existence

omitida

Omitted, left out; past participle of omitir

Seu

Her, his, your; possessive determiner

grande

Great, large, big; common adjective

amoroso

Loving, affectionate, full of love

coração

Heart; organ or symbol of love and emotion

alma

Soul, spirit; inner essence of a person

nobre

Noble, dignified, of high moral character

intelecto

Intellect, mind, cognitive reasoning ability

claro

Clear, bright, obvious; common adjective

poderoso

Powerful, mighty, strong; adjective

original

Original, unique, not derivative; adjective

abrangente

Comprehensive, encompassing, wide-ranging; adjective

fizeram

Made, did; third person plural past of fazer

dela

Of her, from her; contraction of de and ela

guia

Guide, leader, one who shows the way

amparo

Support, protection, shelter given to someone

instrutora

Instructor, teacher, female who instructs others

sabedoria

Wisdom, knowledge gained through experience

exemplo

Example, model, illustration of a principle

bondade

Kindness, goodness, benevolence toward others

assim

Thus, so, in this way; common adverb

ela

She, her; third person singular feminine pronoun

única

Only, sole, unique; feminine adjective

alegria

Joy, happiness, gladness; positive emotion

terrena

Earthly, worldly, pertaining to the earth

daqueles

Of those; contraction of de and aqueles

tiveram

Had; third person plural past tense of ter

felicidade

Happiness, felicity, state of being happy

lhe

To him, to her, to you; indirect object pronoun

pertencer

To belong to, to be part of something

Tão

So, as, such; adverb of degree

dedicada

Dedicated, devoted; feminine past participle of dedicar

ao

To the; contraction of a and o (masculine)

bem

Well, good; adverb or noun

público

Public, community, relating to general society

quanto

How much, as much; adverb or pronoun

generosa

Generous, giving, unselfish; feminine adjective

devotada

Devoted, dedicated; feminine past participle of devotar

todos

All, everyone, everybody; masculine plural pronoun

rodeavam

Surrounded, encircled; past tense of rodear

influência

Influence, effect one has on others

sentida

Felt, perceived; feminine past participle of sentir

muitas

Many, a lot of; feminine plural adjective

maiores

Greater, larger, biggest; comparative plural adjective

melhorias

Improvements, enhancements; plural of melhoria

da

Of the; contraction of de and a (feminine)

época

Era, epoch, period of historical time

será

Will be; future tense of ser

nas

In the; contraction of em and as (feminine plural)

ainda

Still, yet, even; common adverb

estão

Are; third person plural present of estar

por

By, for, through; common preposition

vir

To come; infinitive of a common motion verb

Se

If, whether; conditional conjunction

houvesse

There were; imperfect subjunctive of haver

menos

Less, fewer; adverb or adjective of quantity

alguns

Some, a few; masculine plural indefinite pronoun

corações

Hearts; plural of coração

intelectos

Intellects, minds; plural of intelecto

esta

This; feminine singular demonstrative pronoun

terra

Earth, land, ground; the world we inhabit

se

Itself, oneself; reflexive pronoun

teria

Would have; conditional tense of ter

tornado

Become, turned into; past participle of tornar

Paraíso

Paradise, heaven, a place of perfect bliss

tão

So, as; adverb of degree

almejado

Longed for, desired, yearned for; past participle

Essas

Those, these; feminine plural demonstrative pronoun

linhas

Lines, rows; plural of linha

provam

Prove, demonstrate; third person plural of provar

intensidade

Intensity, strength, force of feeling or action

do

Of the; contraction of de and o (masculine)

sentimento

Feeling, sentiment, emotion experienced internally

não

No, not; basic negation word

teme

Fears, dreads; third person singular of temer

verbosidade

Verbosity, wordiness, use of too many words

abundante

Abundant, plentiful, in great quantity

mas

But; adversative coordinating conjunction

também

Also, too, as well; adverb of addition

ele

He, him; third person singular masculine pronoun

conseguia

Managed, was able to; imperfect past of conseguir

imaginar

To imagine, to picture something in the mind

seria

Would be; conditional tense of ser

efeito

Effect, result, outcome of an action

sobre

On, about, over; preposition of position or topic

os

The; masculine plural definite article

outros

Others, the rest; masculine plural pronoun

apenas

Only, just, barely; restrictive adverb

reputação

Reputation, standing, how one is regarded publicly

poderia

Could, would be able to; conditional of poder

sobreviver

To survive, to outlive, to endure beyond something

essas

Those, these; feminine plural demonstrative pronoun

semelhantes

Similar, alike, such; adjective or pronoun

demonstrações

Demonstrations, displays, showings of emotion or proof