On Liberty — Page 2

English → Chinese Preface Level 9/10

I never was a boy," he says; "never played cricket."

他说："我从来就不是个孩子，从来没有打过板球。"

His exercise was taken in the form of walks with his father, during which the elder Mill lectured his son and examined him on his work.

他的锻炼方式是与父亲一同散步，在此期间，老穆勒会向儿子讲授知识，并就其学业对他进行考查。

It is idle to speculate on the possible results of a different treatment.

对于不同教育方式可能带来的结果，作任何推测都是徒劳的。

Mill remained delicate throughout his life, but was endowed with that intense mental energy which is so often combined with physical weakness.

穆勒一生体质羸弱，却被赋予了那种强烈的精神能量——这种能量往往与身体的虚弱相伴而生。

His youth was sacrificed to an idea; he was designed by his father to carry on his work; the individuality of the boy was unimportant.

他的青春被牺牲于一种理念；他被父亲设计来延续其事业；这个孩子的个性是无关紧要的。

A visit to the south of France at the age of fourteen, in company with the family of General Sir Samuel Bentham, was not without its influence.

十四岁时随塞缪尔·边沁将军爵士一家前往法国南部的那次旅行，并非没有对他产生影响。

It was a glimpse of another atmosphere, though the studious habits of his home life were maintained.

那是对另一种氛围的短暂一瞥，尽管他在家中养成的勤学习惯依然保持。

Moreover, he derived from it his interest in foreign politics, which remained one of his characteristics to the end of his life.

此外，他由此培养出对外国政治的兴趣，这一兴趣始终是他直至生命终点的特质之一。

In 1823 he was appointed junior clerk in the Examiners' Office at the India House.

1823年，他被任命为印度事务部审查处的初级书记员。

Mill's first essays were written in the _Traveller_ about a year before he entered the India House.

穆勒最早的几篇文章发表于《旅行者》杂志，时间约在他进入印度事务部前一年。

From that time forward his literary work was uninterrupted save by attacks of illness.

从那时起，他的文学创作便未曾中断，唯有疾病发作时方才停歇。

His industry was stupendous.

他的勤奋令人叹为观止。

He wrote articles on an infinite variety of subjects, political, metaphysical, philosophic, religious, poetical.

他撰写了涉及无数主题的文章，涵盖政治、形而上学、哲学、宗教与诗歌。

He discovered Tennyson for his generation, he influenced the writing of Carlyle's _French Revolution_ as well as its success.

他为同时代人发现了丁尼生，他既影响了卡莱尔《法国大革命》的写作，也促成了该书的成功。

Vocabulary

从来: cónglái — Always, never (with negation); at any time ever.
就: jiù — Exactly, just; indicates emphasis or immediacy.
打过: dǎ guo — Have played or hit (something) before.
板球: bǎnqiú — Cricket; a bat-and-ball sport popular in Britain.
锻炼: duànliàn — To exercise; physical training for health or fitness.
方式: fāngshì — Method, way, or manner of doing something.
与: yǔ — And; together with; used in formal written Chinese.
一同: yītóng — Together; at the same time with someone else.
散步: sànbù — To take a walk; leisurely strolling for relaxation.
此: cǐ — This; refers to something previously mentioned.
期间: qījiān — During a period; within a span of time.
向: xiàng — Toward; to; in the direction of someone or something.
讲授: jiǎngshòu — To teach or instruct; impart knowledge formally.
知识: zhīshi — Knowledge; information or understanding acquired through learning.
并: bìng — And; furthermore; used to connect parallel actions.
其: qí — His, her, its, their; formal possessive pronoun.
学业: xuéyè — Academic studies; schoolwork and educational progress.
进行: jìnxíng — To carry out; to conduct or perform an activity.
考查: kǎochá — To examine or inspect; assess knowledge or performance.
对于: duìyú — Regarding; with respect to; concerning a topic.
不同: bùtóng — Different; not the same; varying in nature.
教育: jiàoyù — Education; the process of teaching and learning.
可能: kěnéng — Possibly; maybe; indicates possibility or probability.
带来: dài lái — To bring about; to cause or produce a result.
结果: jiéguǒ — Result, outcome; consequence of an action or process.
作: zuò — To make, do, or engage in an activity.
任何: rènhé — Any; whichever; used in negative or conditional contexts.
推测: tuīcè — To speculate or conjecture; make an educated guess.
都是: dōu shì — All are; everything is; emphatic universal statement.
徒劳: túláo — Futile; in vain; effort producing no useful result.
一生: yīshēng — One's whole life; throughout an entire lifetime.
体质: tǐzhì — Physical constitution; one's natural bodily condition.
羸弱: léiruò — Frail and weak; physically feeble in constitution.
却: què — Yet, but; indicates contrast or unexpected outcome.
被: bèi — Passive marker; indicates action done to the subject.
赋予: fùyǔ — To endow or bestow; grant qualities or abilities.
那种: nà zhǒng — That kind of; that type or sort of thing.
强烈: qiángliè — Intense, strong, fierce; describing powerful feelings or forces.
精神: jīngshén — Spirit, mind, mental energy; one's inner vitality.
能量: néngliàng — Energy; power or capacity to do work.
这种: zhè zhǒng — This kind of; this type or sort of thing.
往往: wǎngwǎng — Often, frequently; indicates a common or usual tendency.
虚弱: xūruò — Weak, feeble; lacking physical or bodily strength.
相伴: xiāng bàn — To accompany each other; go together side by side.
而生: ér shēng — And arise; come into being alongside something else.
青春: qīngchūn — Youth; the period of being young and vibrant.
牺牲: xīshēng — To sacrifice; give up something valuable for a cause.
于: yú — At, in, to; formal preposition indicating place or time.
理念: lǐniàn — Concept, idea, philosophy; a guiding principle or belief.
设计: shèjì — To design or plan; create something with a purpose.
延续: yánxù — To continue, extend; carry on without interruption.
事业: shìyè — Career, cause, enterprise; one's lifework or undertaking.
个性: gèxìng — Personality, individuality; one's distinctive character traits.
无关紧要: wúguān jǐnyào — Unimportant, irrelevant; of no significant consequence.
时: shí — When; at the time of; formal temporal marker.
随: suí — To follow, accompany; go along with someone.
将军: jiāngjūn — General; a high-ranking military officer.
爵士: juéshì — Sir, knight; a British honorary title of knighthood.
前往: qiánwǎng — To go to; travel toward a destination.
南部: nánbù — Southern part; the south region of a place.
并非: bìngfēi — Not at all; definitely is not; emphatic negation.
产生: chǎnshēng — To produce, generate; bring about an effect or result.
影响: yǐngxiǎng — Influence, impact; effect one thing has on another.
另一种: lìng yī zhǒng — Another kind of; a different type or variety.
氛围: fēnwéi — Atmosphere, ambiance; the overall mood of an environment.
短暂: duǎnzàn — Brief, fleeting; lasting only a short period of time.
一瞥: yī piē — A glimpse; a brief, quick look at something.
尽管: jǐnguǎn — Although, even though; introduces a concessive clause.
养成: yǎngchéng — To cultivate or form; develop a habit over time.
勤学: qínxué — Diligent study; studying hard with dedication and effort.
习惯: xíguàn — Habit, custom; a regular or repeated behavior pattern.
依然: yīrán — Still, as before; continuing unchanged from a prior state.
保持: bǎochí — To maintain, keep; preserve a state or condition.
此外: cǐwài — Besides, furthermore; in addition to what was mentioned.
由此: yóucǐ — From this; as a result of this; thereby.
培养出: péiyǎng chū — To cultivate and produce; develop a quality or person.
政治: zhèngzhì — Politics; the activities related to governance and power.
兴趣: xìngqù — Interest, hobby; a feeling of curiosity or fascination.
这一: zhè yī — This; referring to a particular thing just mentioned.
始终: shǐzhōng — From start to finish; always, throughout without change.
直至: zhízhì — Until; right up to a specific point in time.
生命: shēngmìng — Life; one's existence as a living being.
终点: zhōngdiǎn — End point, terminus; the final destination or conclusion.
特质: tèzhì — Characteristic, trait; a distinguishing quality of someone.
之一: zhī yī — One of; indicates membership in a group or set.
任命: rènmìng — To appoint; officially assign someone to a position.
为: wéi — As, to be; serves as a formal linking preposition.
事务部: shìwùbù — Affairs department; a government ministry handling specific matters.
审查处: shěnchá chù — Examination office; a department conducting reviews or checks.
初级: chūjí — Junior, elementary; the lowest or beginning level.
书记员: shūjìyuán — Clerk; a person recording or handling official documents.
最早: zuì zǎo — Earliest; the first in time among a group.
文章: wénzhāng — Article, essay; a piece of written work or text.
发表: fābiǎo — To publish or present; make a work publicly available.
旅行者: lǚxíngzhě — Traveler; one who travels; also a publication name here.
杂志: zázhì — Magazine, journal; a periodical publication with articles.
约: yuē — Approximately, about; used before an estimated number.
进入: jìnrù — To enter; go into or join an organization or place.
那时: nà shí — At that time; referring to a past moment.
起: qǐ — Starting from; marks the beginning of a period.
文学: wénxué — Literature; written works of artistic or intellectual value.
创作: chuàngzuò — Creative writing or artistic work; original literary production.
便: biàn — Then, thereupon; formal adverb indicating immediate sequence.
未曾: wèicéng — Never, not once; has not occurred at any time.
中断: zhōngduàn — To interrupt, break off; stop in the middle of something.
唯有: wéiyǒu — Only; nothing except; exclusively limited to one thing.
疾病: jíbìng — Disease, illness; a condition of poor health or sickness.
发作: fāzuò — To have an attack; sudden onset of illness or symptoms.
方才: fāngcái — Only then; just then; indicating a condition is required.
停歇: tíngxiē — To pause, stop, rest; cease activity temporarily.
勤奋: qínfèn — Diligent, hardworking; dedicated and industrious in effort.
令人: lìng rén — Makes people feel; causes others to experience a feeling.
叹为观止: tàn wéi guān zhǐ — Breathtaking; so remarkable it leaves one in awe.
撰写: zhuànxiě — To write, compose; author a formal piece of writing.
涉及: shèjí — To involve, cover, touch on; relate to a subject.
无数: wúshù — Countless, innumerable; too many to be counted.
主题: zhǔtí — Theme, topic, subject; the central idea of a work.
涵盖: hángài — To encompass, cover; include a wide range of things.
形而上学: xíng ér shàngxué — Metaphysics; philosophical study of fundamental reality and existence.
哲学: zhéxué — Philosophy; the study of fundamental questions about existence.
宗教: zōngjiào — Religion; a system of faith and worship practices.
诗歌: shīgē — Poetry; literary works written in verse or poetic form.
同时代: tóng shídài — Contemporary; belonging to the same historical period.
发现: fāxiàn — To discover or find; become aware of something new.
既: jì — Both; already; used in correlative constructions.
法国大革命: Fǎguó Dà Gémìng — The French Revolution; major political upheaval in France 1789.
写作: xiězuò — Writing; the act of composing written texts.
促成: cùchéng — To contribute to; help bring about a result.
该书: gāi shū — This book; that particular book being referenced.

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