On Liberty — Page 5

English → Chinese Preface Level 9/10

He died in 1873, his last years being spent peacefully in the pleasant society of his step-daughter, from whose tender care and earnest intellectual sympathy he caught maybe a far-off reflection of the light which had irradiated his spiritual life.

他于1873年辞世，晚年在继女的愉快陪伴中安度，从她温柔的关怀与真挚的思想共鸣中，他或许捕捉到了曾照耀其精神生命之光的一丝遥远折影。

II.

二。

The circumstances under which John Stuart Mill wrote his _Liberty_ are largely connected with the influence which Mrs. Taylor wielded over his career.

约翰·斯图尔特·密尔撰写《自由论》的背景，在很大程度上与泰勒夫人对其事业所施加的影响密切相关。

The dedication is well known.

此书的题献广为人知。

It contains the most extraordinary panegyric on a woman that any philosopher has ever penned.

其中载有任何哲学家就一位女性所写下的最为非凡的颂词。

"Were I but capable of interpreting to the world one-half the great thoughts and noble feelings which are buried in her grave, I should be the medium of a greater benefit to it than is ever likely to arise from anything that I can write, unprompted and unassisted by her all but unrivalled wisdom."

「若我仅能将埋葬于她墓中的伟大思想与高尚情感的一半诠释于世，我所能带给世界的裨益，将远超我在未得她那几乎无与伦比的智慧启发与襄助之下所能写就的任何文字。」

It is easy for the ordinary worldly cynicism to curl a sceptical lip over sentences like these.

寻常的世俗犬儒主义者对这样的句子嗤之以鼻，这不难理解。

There may be exaggeration of sentiment, the necessary and inevitable reaction of a man who was trained according to the "dry light" of so unimpressionable a man as James Mill, the father; but the passage quoted is not the only one in which John Stuart Mill proclaims his unhesitating belief in the intellectual influence of his wife.

其中或许有情感的夸大之词，这是一个在其父詹姆斯·密尔那般不易动情之人的「枯燥理性」熏陶下成长的男人所必然且不可避免的反弹；然而所引用的这段文字，并非约翰·斯图尔特·密尔毫不迟疑地宣称其妻对他的思想具有重大影响的唯一例证。

The treatise on _Liberty_ was written especially under her authority and encouragement, but there are many earlier references to the power which she exercised over his mind.

《自由论》这部论著尤其是在她的主导与鼓励下写成的，而在此之前，亦有许多记述提及她对其思想所施加的影响力。

Vocabulary

他: tā — Third person singular pronoun meaning 'he' or 'him'.
于: yú — Preposition meaning 'at', 'in', or 'on'.
年: nián — Year; unit of time measurement.
辞世: cí shì — To pass away; to die (formal/literary).
晚年: wǎn nián — One's later years; old age period of life.
在: zài — Preposition indicating location or ongoing action.
继女: jì nǚ — Stepdaughter; daughter from a spouse's previous relationship.
的: de — Structural particle indicating possession or modification.
愉快: yú kuài — Happy, joyful, pleasant feeling or atmosphere.
陪伴: péi bàn — To accompany; to keep someone company.
中: zhōng — In the midst of; within; middle.
安度: ān dù — To spend time peacefully; live out comfortably.
从: cóng — From; preposition indicating origin or source.
她: tā — Third person singular feminine pronoun meaning 'she'.
温柔: wēn róu — Gentle and tender; soft and affectionate in manner.
关怀: guān huái — Care and concern shown toward another person.
与: yǔ — And; together with; connecting two elements.
真挚: zhēn zhì — Sincere and genuine; heartfelt in feeling or expression.
思想: sī xiǎng — Thought, ideology, or philosophical ideas.
共鸣: gòng míng — Resonance; emotional or intellectual sympathy with another.
或许: huò xǔ — Perhaps; maybe; expressing possibility or uncertainty.
捕捉: bǔ zhuō — To capture; to catch or seize something fleeting.
到: dào — To arrive at; resultative complement indicating success.
了: le — Particle indicating completed action or changed state.
曾: céng — Once; indicating something happened in the past.
照耀: zhào yào — To shine upon; to illuminate brilliantly.
其: qí — His, her, its; third-person possessive pronoun (literary).
精神: jīng shén — Spirit, mind, or mental vitality.
生命: shēng mìng — Life; one's living existence or vitality.
之光: zhī guāng — The light of; illuminating quality (literary expression).
一丝: yī sī — A trace of; a tiny amount of something.
遥远: yáo yuǎn — Distant; far away in space or time.
二: èr — Two; the number two; second.
撰写: zhuàn xiě — To write or compose a formal piece of writing.
背景: bèi jǐng — Background; context or backdrop of an event.
很大: hěn dà — Very large; to a great degree or extent.
程度: chéng dù — Degree; extent or level of something.
上: shàng — Above; on; used to indicate aspect or domain.
夫人: fū rén — Madam; Mrs.; respectful term for a married woman.
对: duì — Toward; regarding; preposition indicating object of action.
事业: shì yè — Career; cause; professional undertaking or enterprise.
所: suǒ — Particle used before verbs to nominalize or emphasize.
施加: shī jiā — To exert; to apply force, pressure, or influence.
影响: yǐng xiǎng — Influence; impact on something or someone.
密切: mì qiē — Closely related; intimate and inseparably connected.
相关: xiāng guān — Related to; mutually connected or associated.
此书: cǐ shū — This book; referring to the book just mentioned.
题献: tí xiàn — Dedication; an inscription dedicating a work to someone.
广为人知: guǎng wéi rén zhī — Widely known; famous and recognized by many people.
其中: qí zhōng — Among them; within it; therein.
载有: zài yǒu — Contains; bears or carries written content within.
任何: rèn hé — Any; whichever; used in broad or absolute statements.
哲学家: zhé xué jiā — Philosopher; a scholar who studies or practices philosophy.
就: jiù — Regarding; with respect to; then (linking particle).
一位: yī wèi — One (person); polite measure word for a person.
女性: nǚ xìng — Female; woman; the female gender.
写下: xiě xià — To write down; to record something in writing.
最为: zuì wéi — Most; to the greatest degree (literary intensifier).
非凡: fēi fán — Extraordinary; remarkable; above the ordinary standard.
颂词: sòng cí — Eulogy; tribute; words of high praise for someone.
若: ruò — If; supposing that (literary conditional particle).
我: wǒ — I; me; first person singular pronoun.
仅能: jǐn néng — Can only; able to do no more than something.
将: jiāng — To take; future action marker; preposition (literary).
埋葬: mái zàng — To bury; to inter a deceased person in ground.
墓中: mù zhōng — In the grave; within the tomb or burial site.
伟大: wěi dà — Great; magnificent; of outstanding importance or ability.
高尚: gāo shàng — Noble; lofty in character or moral quality.
情感: qíng gǎn — Emotion; feeling; emotional sentiment.
一半: yī bàn — Half; one of two equal parts.
诠释: quán shì — To interpret; to explain or elucidate meaning fully.
所能: suǒ néng — What one is capable of; that which can be done.
带给: dài gěi — To bring to; to deliver a benefit or result.
世界: shì jiè — The world; the entire globe or humanity.
裨益: bì yì — Benefit; advantage; positive contribution to something.
远超: yuǎn chāo — Far exceeds; surpasses by a great amount.
未得: wèi dé — Without having; failing to obtain or receive something.
那: nà — That; those; demonstrative pronoun or adjective.
几乎: jī hū — Almost; nearly; very close to being something.
无与伦比: wú yǔ lún bǐ — Incomparable; matchless; without equal in any respect.
智慧: zhì huì — Wisdom; deep understanding and good judgment.
启发: qǐ fā — To inspire; to enlighten or stimulate someone's thinking.
之下: zhī xià — Under; beneath; below (literary prepositional phrase).
写就: xiě jiù — To complete writing; to finish composing a piece.
文字: wén zì — Writing; written words or text.
寻常: xún cháng — Ordinary; common; usual and unremarkable.
世俗: shì sú — Worldly; secular; relating to ordinary mundane matters.
犬儒主义者: quǎn rú zhǔ yì zhě — Cynic; one who distrusts human sincerity and motives.
这样: zhè yàng — Such; like this; of this kind or manner.
句子: jù zi — Sentence; a grammatical unit of written or spoken language.
嗤之以鼻: chī zhī yǐ bí — To sneer at; to dismiss contemptuously with disdain.
这: zhè — This; demonstrative pronoun referring to something nearby.
不难: bù nán — Not difficult; easy to understand or do.
理解: lǐ jiě — To understand; to comprehend meaning or situation.
有: yǒu — To have; there is; indicating existence or possession.
夸大: kuā dà — To exaggerate; to overstate beyond what is true.
是: shì — To be; is; am; are (copula verb).
一个: yī gè — One; a single (person or thing, general measure word).
其父: qí fù — His father; referring to the father of the person mentioned.
那般: nà bān — Like that; of that sort; in that manner.
不易: bù yì — Not easy; difficult; not prone to something.
动情: dòng qíng — To be moved emotionally; to feel deep emotion.
枯燥: kū zào — Dry and dull; boring; lacking interest or vitality.
理性: lǐ xìng — Rationality; reason; the faculty of logical thinking.
熏陶: xūn táo — To be influenced gradually; molded by environment or culture.
下: xià — Under; below; in a certain condition or circumstance.
成长: chéng zhǎng — To grow up; to develop and mature over time.
男人: nán rén — Man; adult male person.
必然: bì rán — Inevitable; certain to happen; necessarily so.
且: qiě — And; moreover; furthermore (literary conjunction).
不可避免: bù kě bì miǎn — Unavoidable; impossible to prevent or escape from.
反弹: fǎn dàn — Rebound; backlash; a reaction against something.
然而: rán ér — However; yet; nevertheless (literary conjunction).
引用: yǐn yòng — To quote; to cite a passage from a source.
这段: zhè duàn — This passage; this section of text.
并非: bìng fēi — Is not; does not mean (emphatic negation).
毫不迟疑: háo bù chí yí — Without any hesitation; completely decisive and certain.
地: de — Adverbial particle linking adverb or adjective to verb.
宣称: xuān chēng — To claim; to declare or assert something publicly.
其妻: qí qī — His wife; the wife of the person mentioned.
具有: jù yǒu — To possess; to have a certain quality or feature.
重大: zhòng dà — Significant; major; of great importance or consequence.
唯一: wéi yī — Only; sole; the one and only.
例证: lì zhèng — Illustrative example; evidence used to prove a point.
这部: zhè bù — This (work); measure word for books or films.
论著: lùn zhù — Treatise; scholarly work or academic publication.
尤其: yóu qí — Especially; particularly; above all others.
主导: zhǔ dǎo — To dominate; to lead; playing the primary guiding role.
鼓励: gǔ lì — To encourage; to motivate someone to do something.
写成: xiě chéng — To complete writing; to finish producing a written work.
而: ér — And; but; yet (literary conjunction connecting clauses).
此: cǐ — This; these; referring to something just mentioned.
之前: zhī qián — Before; prior to a certain time or event.
亦有: yì yǒu — Also have; there are also (literary expression).
许多: xǔ duō — Many; a large number or quantity of things.
记述: jì shù — Account; record; a written description of events.
提及: tí jí — To mention; to bring up in conversation or writing.
影响力: yǐng xiǎng lì — Influence; power to affect or sway others.

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