Plays of Sophocles: Oedipus the King; Oedipus at Colonus; Antigone — Page 3
Yea, Oedipus, my sovereign lord and king,
그렇습니다, 오이디푸스여, 나의 지엄하신 군주이시며 왕이시여,
Thou seest how both extremes of age besiege
당신께서는 양 극단의 연령이 어떻게
Thy palace altars—fledglings hardly winged,
왕궁의 제단을 에워싸고 있는지 보시나이다—이제 막 날개를 단 어린것들과,
and greybeards bowed with years; priests, as am I
세월에 허리 굽은 노인들이 있으며, 제가 그러하듯 제사장들과,
of Zeus, and these the flower of our youth.
제우스의 사제들, 그리고 이들은 우리 젊음의 꽃이옵니다.
Meanwhile, the common folk, with wreathed boughs
한편, 평민들은 화환으로 장식한 나뭇가지를 들고
Crowd our two market-places, or before
우리의 두 광장을 가득 메우거나, 혹은
Both shrines of Pallas congregate, or where
팔라스의 두 신전 앞에 모여들거나, 아니면
Ismenus gives his oracles by fire.
이스메노스 강이 불로써 신탁을 내리는 곳에 모여 있나이다.
For, as thou seest thyself, our ship of State,
왜냐하면, 당신 스스로 보시다시피, 우리 국가라는 배가,
Sore buffeted, can no more lift her head,
심하게 난타당하여, 더 이상 고개를 들지 못하고,
Foundered beneath a weltering surge of blood.
피의 소용돌이치는 파도 아래 침몰하고 있기 때문이옵니다.
A blight is on our harvest in the ear,
이삭이 패는 우리의 수확물에 역병이 들었고,
A blight upon the grazing flocks and herds,
풀을 뜯는 양떼와 가축들에도 역병이 덮쳤으며,
A blight on wives in travail; and withal
해산하는 여인들에게도 역병이 내렸나이다. 게다가
Armed with his blazing torch the God of Plague
타오르는 횃불을 든 역병의 신이
Hath swooped upon our city emptying
우리 도시에 내리덮쳐 텅 비게 만들었으니,
The house of Cadmus, and the murky realm
카드모스의 집을 황폐케 하였고, 어두운 나라,
Of Pluto is full fed with groans and tears.
플루토의 나라는 신음과 눈물로 가득 채워졌나이다.
Therefore, O King, here at thy hearth we sit,
그러하기에, 오 왕이시여, 여기 당신의 화로 앞에 우리가 앉아 있나이다,
I and these children; not as deeming thee
저와 이 아이들이. 당신을
A new divinity, but the first of men;
새로운 신으로 여겨서가 아니라, 인간 중의 으뜸으로 여기기 때문이옵니다.
First in the common accidents of life,
인생의 평범한 시련에서도 으뜸이시고,
And first in visitations of the Gods.
신들의 방문에서도 으뜸이신 분이시기 때문이옵니다.
Art thou not he who coming to the town
당신은 카드모스의 도시에 오시어
of Cadmus freed us from the tax we paid
우리가 바치던 공물에서 우리를 해방시켜 주신 분이 아니시옵니까,
To the fell songstress? Nor hadst thou received
저 잔인한 노래하는 자에게 바치던 공물을. 당신께서는
Prompting from us or been by others schooled;
우리로부터 도움을 받으신 것도, 다른 이들에게 가르침을 받으신 것도 아니었나이다.
No, by a god inspired (so all men deem,
아니, 신의 영감을 받으시어 (모든 사람들이 그리 여기고,
And testify) didst thou renew our life.
또한 증언하오니) 당신께서는 우리의 삶을 새롭게 하여 주셨나이다.
Vocabulary
- 그렇습니다
- geureosseumnida — Yes, that is correct; formal affirmative response.
- 나의
- naui — My; possessive pronoun indicating belonging.
- 당신께서는
- dangsinkkeseo-neun — You (honorific subject); respectful second-person subject.
- 양
- yang — Both; indicating two sides or extremes.
- 극단의
- geukdanui — Of the extreme; relating to the utmost end.
- 연령이
- yeollyeongi — Age (subject marker); referring to a person's age.
- 어떻게
- eotteoke — How; asking or describing the manner of something.
- 왕궁의
- wanggungui — Of the royal palace; possessive modifier for palace.
- 제단을
- jedaneul — Altar (object marker); sacred raised platform for offerings.
- 에워싸고
- ewossago — Surrounding and encircling; wrapping around something completely.
- 있는지
- inneunchi — Whether there is; indirect question about existence.
- 이제
- ije — Now; indicating the current moment or new situation.
- 막
- mak — Just; indicating something happened very recently.
- 날개를
- nalgaereul — Wings (object marker); appendages used for flying.
- 단
- dan — Attached, having; past participial modifier meaning equipped with.
- 어린것들과
- eorin geotdeulgwa — Young ones and; children or young creatures together.
- 세월에
- sewore — To/by the passage of time; years and months.
- 허리
- heori — Waist; the middle part of the human body.
- 굽은
- gubeun — Bent, stooped; curved downward due to age.
- 노인들이
- noindeuri — Old people (subject); elderly individuals as a group.
- 있으며
- isseumyeo — There are, and; conjunctive form of existence verb.
- 제가
- jega — I (humble subject); humble first-person subject pronoun.
- 사제들
- sajdeul — Priests; individuals who serve a deity in worship.
- 그리고
- geurigo — And; conjunction connecting words, phrases, or sentences.
- 이들은
- ideureun — These people (topic); referring to a group present.
- 우리
- uri — We, our; first-person plural pronoun in Korean.
- 젊음의
- jeolmeumeui — Of youth; possessive modifier relating to youthfulness.
- 한편
- hanpyeon — On the other hand; transitional phrase contrasting information.
- 평민들은
- pyeongmindeureun — Commoners (topic); ordinary people of non-noble status.
- 장식한
- jangsikhwan — Decorated; adorned with ornamental items or designs.
- 나뭇가지를
- namutgajireul — Tree branches (object); twigs or boughs from trees.
- 들고
- deulgo — Holding and; carrying something while doing another action.
- 두
- du — Two; the number two used as a modifier.
- 광장을
- gwangjangeul — Public square (object); open urban plaza or gathering place.
- 가득
- gadeuk — Fully, to the brim; completely filled with something.
- 혹은
- hogeun — Or; alternative conjunction presenting another possibility.
- 신전
- sinjeon — Temple; sacred building dedicated to a deity.
- 앞에
- ape — In front of; positional marker indicating forward position.
- 아니면
- animyeon — Or else; conjunction presenting a contrasting alternative.
- 강이
- gangi — River (subject marker); a large natural flowing waterway.
- 내리는
- naerineun — Descending, delivering; present modifier of coming down.
- 곳에
- gose — At the place; locative particle marking a specific location.
- 모여
- moyeo — Gathered; having assembled together in one place.
- 왜냐하면
- waenyahamyeon — Because; conjunction introducing a reason or explanation.
- 당신
- dangsin — You; second-person pronoun used respectfully or formally.
- 스스로
- seuseuro — By oneself; independently without assistance from others.
- 보시다시피
- bosidashipi — As you can see; honorific phrase drawing attention visually.
- 국가라는
- gukgaraneun — Called the state; referring to something named the nation.
- 배가
- baega — Ship (subject); a large vessel for water travel.
- 심하게
- simhage — Severely, badly; in an extreme or serious manner.
- 더
- deo — More; comparative adverb indicating greater degree.
- 이상
- isang — More than, no longer; used in negative constructions.
- 고개를
- gogaereul — Head, neck (object); the head or its nodding motion.
- 들지
- deulji — Raising; infinitive form used in negative constructions.
- 못하고
- motago — Unable to and; connective form of inability.
- 피의
- piui — Of blood; possessive modifier relating to blood.
- 파도
- pado — Waves; rolling surges of water on a surface.
- 아래
- arae — Below, under; positional word indicating a lower position.
- 있기
- itgi — Being in a state; gerundive form of existence verb.
- 수확물에
- suhwangmure — On/in the harvest; the crops gathered from the fields.
- 역병이
- yeokbyeongi — Plague (subject); a deadly epidemic disease spreading widely.
- 풀을
- pureul — Grass (object); green vegetation eaten by grazing animals.
- 양떼와
- yangtaewa — Flocks of sheep and; groups of sheep together.
- 가축들에도
- gachukdeure-do — Also to livestock; domestic animals including cattle and pigs.
- 여인들에게도
- yeoindeulege-do — Also to women; applying to female persons as well.
- 게다가
- gedaga — Furthermore, on top of that; additive conjunctive adverb.
- 타오르는
- taoreuneun — Blazing, burning; flames rising and burning brightly.
- 든
- deun — Holding; past participial modifier meaning carrying something.
- 역병의
- yeokbyeongui — Of plague; possessive modifier relating to epidemic disease.
- 신이
- sini — God/deity (subject); a divine supernatural being.
- 도시에
- dosie — On the city; locative marker indicating an urban area.
- 텅
- teong — Empty, hollow; adverb describing complete emptiness.
- 비게
- bige — To become empty; causative form of emptying out.
- 만들었으니
- mandeureosseuni — Having made it so; causal connective of creating a state.
- 집을
- jibeul — House (object); a building where people live.
- 하였고
- hayeotgo — Did and; past tense connective form of the verb do.
- 어두운
- eoduun — Dark; lacking light, dim and gloomy.
- 나라
- nara — Country, realm; a nation or kingdom.
- 눈물로
- nunmullo — With tears; using tears as an expressive means.
- 그러하기에
- geureohagIe — Therefore, for that reason; causal connective phrase.
- 앉아
- anja — Sitting; the act of being seated somewhere.
- 저와
- jeowa — I and; humble first-person with conjunctive particle.
- 아이들이
- aideuri — Children (subject); young boys and girls as a group.
- 새로운
- saeroun — New; describing something fresh or recently arrived.
- 신으로
- sinuro — As a god; a divine being with a role marker.
- 아니라
- anira — Not; negation connector contrasting with another statement.
- 인간
- ingan — Human being; a person as a member of humanity.
- 으뜸으로
- euddeumeuro — As the foremost; being the best or chief among all.
- 인생의
- insaengui — Of life; possessive modifier relating to human existence.
- 평범한
- pyeongbeomhan — Ordinary, common; not special or unusual in nature.
- 시련에서도
- siryeoneseo-do — Even in trials; hardships or ordeals faced in life.
- 신들의
- sindeureui — Of the gods; possessive modifier referring to divine beings.
- 당신은
- dangsineun — You (topic); second-person pronoun with topic particle.
- 우리를
- urireul — Us (object); first-person plural object pronoun.
- 해방시켜
- haebangsikyeo — Liberating; freeing someone from bondage or oppression.
- 주신
- jusin — Who gave; honorific past modifier of giving a benefit.
- 분이
- buni — Person (subject); honorific noun referring to a respected individual.
- 저
- jeo — That; a demonstrative pronoun indicating something distant.
- 잔인한
- janinhan — Cruel, brutal; showing no mercy or compassion.
- 노래하는
- noraehaneun — Singing; present modifier of the verb to sing.
- 자에게
- jaege — To the one who; dative marker after a person noun.
- 도움을
- doumeul — Help (object); assistance provided to someone in need.
- 것도
- geotdo — The fact also; nominalizer with additive particle.
- 다른
- dareun — Other, different; not the same as something else.
- 이들에게
- ideulege — To these people; dative marker for a group of persons.
- 가르침을
- gareuchimeul — Teaching (object); instruction or lesson passed on to others.
- 아니
- ani — No; a negative interjection or correction.
- 신의
- sinui — Divine, of god; possessive modifier relating to deity.
- 영감을
- yeonggameul — Inspiration (object); a creative or divine stimulating influence.
- 모든
- modeun — All, every; a determiner meaning the entirety of something.
- 사람들이
- saramdeuri — People (subject); human beings as a collective group.
- 그리
- geuri — So, thus; adverb indicating manner or degree.
- 또한
- ttohan — Also, likewise; additive adverb meaning additionally.
- 삶을
- salmeul — Life (object); one's existence and way of living.
- 새롭게
- saeropsge — Anew, freshly; in a new or renewed manner.
- 하여
- hayeo — Making, doing; connective form of the verb to do.
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