Second Treatise of Government — Page 4

English → Fr Book II Level 9/10

A state also of equality, wherein all the power and jurisdiction is reciprocal, no one having more than another; there being nothing more evident, than that creatures of the same species and rank, promiscuously born to all the same advantages of nature, and the use of the same faculties, should also be equal one amongst another without subordination or subjection, unless the lord and master of them all should, by any manifest declaration of his will, set one above another, and confer on him, by an evident and clear appointment, an undoubted right to dominion and sovereignty.

Un état également d'égalité, dans lequel tout le pouvoir et toute la juridiction sont réciproques, personne n'en ayant plus qu'un autre ; rien n'étant plus évident que les créatures de la même espèce et du même rang, nées indistinctement avec tous les mêmes avantages de la nature et l'usage des mêmes facultés, doivent aussi être égales les unes aux autres sans subordination ni sujétion, à moins que le seigneur et maître de toutes ne décide, par quelque déclaration manifeste de sa volonté, d'élever l'une au-dessus de l'autre et de lui conférer, par une désignation évidente et claire, un droit indubitable à la domination et à la souveraineté.

Sect. 5. This equality of men by nature, the judicious Hooker looks upon as so evident in itself, and beyond all question, that he makes it the foundation of that obligation to mutual love amongst men, on which he builds the duties they owe one another, and from whence he derives the great maxims of justice and charity.

Sect. 5. Cette égalité des hommes par nature, le judicieux Hooker la considère comme si évidente en elle-même et au-delà de toute question, qu'il en fait le fondement de cette obligation à l'amour mutuel entre les hommes, sur laquelle il bâtit les devoirs qu'ils se doivent les uns aux autres, et d'où il tire les grandes maximes de la justice et de la charité.

Vocabulary

état: e.ta — State, condition, or status of something
également: e.gal.mɑ̃ — Equally, also, likewise
égalité: e.ga.li.te — Equality, the state of being equal
lequel: lə.kɛl — Which, referring to a previously mentioned noun
tout: tu — All, every, entire amount or quantity
pouvoir: pu.vwar — Power, authority, or ability to act
juridiction: ʒy.ʁi.dik.sjɔ̃ — Jurisdiction, legal authority over an area
réciproques: ʁe.si.pʁɔk — Reciprocal, mutual between two parties
personne: pɛʁ.sɔn — Person, individual human being
ayant: ɛ.jɑ̃ — Having, present participle of 'avoir'
rien: ʁjɛ̃ — Nothing, not anything at all
étant: e.tɑ̃ — Being, present participle of 'être'
évident: e.vi.dɑ̃ — Evident, obvious, clearly apparent
créatures: kʁe.a.tyʁ — Creatures, living beings or organisms
même: mɛm — Same, identical, even; used for emphasis
espèce: ɛs.pɛs — Species, kind, type of living organism
rang: ʁɑ̃ — Rank, position in a hierarchy or order
nées: ne — Born, past participle of 'naître', feminine plural
indistinctement: ɛ̃.dis.tɛ̃kt.mɑ̃ — Indiscriminately, without distinction or difference
avantages: a.vɑ̃.taʒ — Advantages, benefits, favorable circumstances
nature: na.tyʁ — Nature, the natural world or inherent quality
usage: y.zaʒ — Use, usage, customary practice or habit
facultés: fa.kyl.te — Faculties, abilities, mental or physical capacities
doivent: dwa.v — Must, should; third person plural of 'devoir'
égales: e.gal — Equal, identical in value; feminine plural form
sans: sɑ̃ — Without, lacking, in absence of something
subordination: sy.bɔʁ.di.na.sjɔ̃ — Subordination, being under another's authority
ni: ni — Nor, neither; negative conjunction
sujétion: sy.ʒe.sjɔ̃ — Subjection, state of being under control
moins: mwɛ̃ — Less, fewer; used in comparisons
seigneur: sɛ.ɲœʁ — Lord, master, feudal superior
maître: mɛtʁ — Master, teacher, one with authority or skill
décide: de.sid — Decides, resolves, makes a decision
quelque: kɛl.kə — Some, a certain, any kind of
déclaration: de.kla.ʁa.sjɔ̃ — Declaration, formal statement or announcement
manifeste: ma.ni.fɛst — Manifest, clear, obvious, evident declaration
volonté: vɔ.lɔ̃.te — Will, desire, intention, determination
élever: el.ve — To raise, lift up, elevate someone
dessus: də.sy — Above, on top, over something else
conférer: kɔ̃.fe.ʁe — To confer, grant, bestow upon someone
désignation: de.zi.ɲa.sjɔ̃ — Designation, appointment, official naming of someone
évidente: e.vi.dɑ̃t — Evident, obvious, clear; feminine form
claire: klɛʁ — Clear, plain, obvious; feminine adjective
droit: dʁwa — Right, law, entitlement or legal claim
indubitable: ɛ̃.dy.bi.tabl — Indubitable, unquestionable, beyond all doubt
domination: dɔ.mi.na.sjɔ̃ — Domination, control, supremacy over others
souveraineté: su.vʁɛ.n.te — Sovereignty, supreme political power and authority
hommes: ɔm — Men, humans, people in general
judicieux: ʒy.di.sjø — Judicious, wise, showing good judgment
considère: kɔ̃.si.dɛʁ — Considers, regards, views something carefully
delà: də.la — Beyond, past, on the other side
question: kɛs.tjɔ̃ — Question, issue, matter under discussion
fait: fɛ — Makes, does; or fact, something done
fondement: fɔ̃d.mɑ̃ — Foundation, basis, fundamental ground for something
obligation: ɔ.bli.ga.sjɔ̃ — Obligation, duty, something one must do
amour: a.muʁ — Love, affection, deep emotional attachment
mutuel: my.tɥɛl — Mutual, shared between two parties equally
laquelle: la.kɛl — Which, whom; feminine relative pronoun
bâtit: bɑ.ti — Builds, constructs; third person singular past
devoirs: də.vwaʁ — Duties, obligations, responsibilities one must fulfill
tire: tiʁ — Draws, pulls, derives from a source
maximes: mak.sim — Maxims, principles, general truths or rules
justice: ʒys.tis — Justice, fairness, righteous treatment of others
charité: ʃa.ʁi.te — Charity, generosity, benevolent love for others

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