Second Treatise of Government — Page 1

Vocabulary

CAPÍTULO

ka-PEE-too-loo — Chapter; a main division of a book

UM

oong — One; indefinite article meaning 'a' or 'an'

ENSAIO

en-SAY-oo — Essay; a short piece of analytical writing

SOBRE

SOH-bree — About; on; concerning a particular subject

A

ah — The; feminine definite article in Portuguese

VERDADEIRA

ver-da-DAY-rah — True; genuine; corresponding to actual facts

ORIGEM

oh-REE-zheng — Origin; the point where something begins

EXTENSÃO

ex-ten-SOWNG — Extension; scope; the range something covers

E

ee — And; conjunction linking words or clauses

FIM

feeng — End; purpose; the final point or goal

DO

doo — Contraction of 'de' and 'o' meaning 'of the'

GOVERNO

go-VER-noo — Government; the system ruling a political entity

CIVIL

see-VEEL — Civil; relating to citizens or civic affairs

Tendo

TEN-doo — Having; gerund of 'ter,' indicating prior action

sido

SEE-doo — Been; past participle of 'ser,' to be

demonstrado

de-mon-STRAH-doo — Demonstrated; shown to be true or evident

no

noo — Contraction of 'em' and 'o,' meaning 'in the'

discurso

dis-KUR-soo — Discourse; speech; a formal verbal or written treatment

anterior

an-teh-ree-OR — Previous; earlier; coming before in sequence

Que

keh — That; which; a conjunction or relative pronoun

não

nowng — No; not; negation in Portuguese

tinha

TEEN-yah — Had; imperfect tense of 'ter,' to have

nem

neng — Neither; nor; used in negative constructions

pelo

PEH-loo — Contraction of 'por' and 'o,' meaning 'by the'

direito

dee-RAY-too — Right; law; an entitlement or legal system

natural

na-too-RAL — Natural; arising from nature rather than law

de

deh — Of; from; a common preposition in Portuguese

paternidade

pa-ter-nee-DAH-dee — Paternity; fatherhood; the state of being a father

por

por — By; for; through; a preposition of means

doação

doo-ah-SOWNG — Donation; grant; the act of giving something

positiva

po-zee-CHEE-vah — Positive; explicit; definitively stated or affirmed

Deus

DEH-oos — God; the supreme deity

qualquer

kwal-KEHR — Any; whatever; used for indefinite reference

autoridade

ow-too-ree-DAH-dee — Authority; power to give orders or make decisions

sobre

SOH-bree — Over; above; concerning a subject or person

seus

SEH-oos — His; her; their; possessive pronoun, plural form

filhos

FEEL-yoos — Children; sons; offspring of a parent

ou

oh — Or; a disjunctive conjunction offering alternatives

domínio

do-MEEN-yoo — Dominion; domain; power or control over something

o

oo — The; masculine singular definite article

mundo

MOON-doo — World; the earth and all living things

como

KOH-moo — As; like; how; a conjunction or adverb

se

seh — If; oneself; reflexive or conditional pronoun

pretende

preh-TEN-dee — Claims; pretends; intends or asserts something

ele

EH-lee — He; third-person masculine singular pronoun

tivesse

tee-VEH-seh — Had; imperfect subjunctive of 'ter,' to have

herdeiros

er-DAY-roos — Heirs; those who inherit property or title

contudo

kon-TOO-doo — Nevertheless; however; yet; a concessive conjunction

teriam

teh-REE-owng — Would have; conditional tense of 'ter'

a

ah — The; to; feminine article or preposition

isso

EE-soo — That; it; a demonstrative pronoun referring nearby

tivessem

tee-VEH-seng — Had; third-person plural imperfect subjunctive of 'ter'

havendo

ah-VEN-doo — There being; gerund of 'haver,' to exist

lei

LAY — Law; a rule established by authority

que

keh — That; which; who; a relative pronoun or conjunction

determine

deh-ter-MEE-neh — Determine; establish; to fix or settle definitively

qual

kwahl — Which; what; used in questions or relative clauses

é

EH — Is; third-person singular present tense of 'ser'

herdeiro

er-DAY-roo — Heir; a person who inherits or is entitled to inherit

legítimo

leh-ZHEE-tee-moo — Legitimate; lawful; born of lawfully married parents

em

eng — In; at; on; a common preposition of location

todos

TOH-doos — All; every; totality of a group or set

os

oos — The; masculine plural definite article in Portuguese

casos

KAH-zoos — Cases; instances; situations requiring consideration

possam

POH-sowng — May; can; third-person plural present subjunctive of 'poder'

surgir

sur-ZHEER — Arise; emerge; to come into existence or appear

sucessão

soo-seh-SOWNG — Succession; the sequence of inheriting a title or position

e

ee — And; a conjunction connecting words or clauses

consequentemente

kon-seh-kwen-teh-MEN-tee — Consequently; therefore; as a logical result

exercer

eh-zer-SEHR — Exercise; to practice or carry out a function

governo

go-VER-noo — Government; rule; the act of governing a state

poderia

po-deh-REE-ah — Could; would be able to; conditional of 'poder'

ter

tehr — To have; to possess; an essential auxiliary verb

determinado

deh-ter-mee-NAH-doo — Determined; established; resolved with certainty

com

kong — With; together with; a preposition of accompaniment

certeza

ser-TEH-zah — Certainty; sureness; the state of being sure