Second Treatise of Government — Page 5

Vocabulary

他

tā — Third person singular pronoun: he, him

的

de — Structural particle indicating possession or modification

原话

yuánhuà — Original words; exact quote spoken by someone

是

shì — To be; linking verb indicating identity or state

同样

tóngyàng — Same; equally; in the same way

自然

zìrán — Nature; natural; naturally; of course

动因

dòngyīn — Motivating factor; driving cause behind an action

使

shǐ — To cause; to make; to enable someone to do

人们

rénmen — People; human beings in general

认识到

rènshi dào — To come to realize; to become aware of something

爱

ài — Love; to love; affection toward others

他人

tārén — Other people; others; persons besides oneself

与

yǔ — And; with; together with

自己

zìjǐ — Oneself; one's own self

他们

tāmen — They; them; third person plural pronoun

责任

zérèn — Responsibility; duty; obligation one must fulfill

因为

yīnwèi — Because; for the reason that

凡

fán — All; every; whatever; any instance of

平等

píngděng — Equality; equal treatment among persons

之

zhī — Classical possessive or linking particle; of

事

shì — Matter; affair; thing; issue to be dealt with

必须

bìxū — Must; have to; required without exception

以

yǐ — With; by means of; using a certain standard

同一

tóngyī — The same; identical; one and the same standard

标准

biāozhǔn — Standard; criterion; benchmark for measurement

衡量

héngliáng — To measure; to weigh; to evaluate by a standard

若

ruò — If; supposing that; classical conditional conjunction

我

wǒ — I; me; first person singular pronoun

不得不

bùdébù — Cannot but; have no choice but to do

希望

xīwàng — To hope; to wish; desire for something to happen

从

cóng — From; starting from a point or source

每个

měi gè — Every; each individual one

人

rén — Person; human being; people

那里

nàlǐ — There; that place; from that person or source

得到

dédào — To obtain; to receive; to get something

善待

shàndài — To treat kindly; to treat well with goodwill

正如

zhèngrú — Just as; exactly as; in the same way that

任何

rènhé — Any; whatever; no matter which

对

duì — Toward; directed at; with regard to

灵魂

línghún — Soul; spirit; the inner essence of a person

所

suǒ — Classical particle preceding verb to nominalize it

祈愿

qíyuàn — To pray for; to wish earnestly; heartfelt desire

那样

nàyàng — Like that; in that manner; that way

那么

nàme — Then; in that case; so therefore

除非

chúfēi — Unless; only if; except under the condition that

也

yě — Also; too; as well; likewise

用心

yòngxīn — To put one's heart into; to do earnestly

去

qù — To go; directional particle indicating action forward

满足

mǎnzú — To satisfy; to fulfill; to meet a desire or need

愿望

yuànwàng — Wish; desire; hope one wants fulfilled

而

ér — And; yet; but; classical connective conjunction

这

zhè — This; referring to something nearby or just mentioned

无疑

wúyí — Undoubtedly; without doubt; certainly true

存在

cúnzài — To exist; existence; to be present or found

于

yú — In; at; from; classical preposition of location

同性

tóngxìng — Same nature or gender; of the same kind

同质

tóngzhì — Same substance or quality; homogeneous in nature

之中

zhī zhōng — Within; among; in the middle of something

否则

fǒuzé — Otherwise; if not; or else

又

yòu — Again; also; moreover; additionally

怎能

zěn néng — How could one possibly; how is it possible to

指望

zhǐwàng — To count on; to expect; to hope for from someone

这一

zhè yī — This one; this particular thing or point

呢

ne — Sentence-final particle expressing rhetorical question

违背

wéibèi — To violate; to go against; to act contrary to

加诸

jiāzhū — To impose upon; to inflict something on another

必然

bìrán — Inevitable; certainly; necessarily so

在

zài — At; in; to be present at a location

各

gè — Each; every; various aspects or sides

方面

fāngmiàn — Aspect; dimension; side of a matter

令

lìng — To cause; to make; to order someone to feel

感到

gǎndào — To feel; to sense; to experience an emotion

痛苦

tòngkǔ — Pain; suffering; anguish; great distress

因此

yīncǐ — Therefore; as a result; for this reason

加害

jiāhài — To harm; to injure; to do damage to another

预料

yùliào — To anticipate; to expect; to foresee beforehand

将

jiāng — Will; shall; about to; future tense marker

承受

chéngshòu — To bear; to endure; to suffer consequences

苦果

kǔguǒ — Bitter fruit; painful consequence of one's actions

没有

méiyǒu — To not have; there is no; lacking something

理由

lǐyóu — Reason; grounds; justification for something

要求

yāoqiú — To demand; to require; a request or requirement

施以

shīyǐ — To apply; to give; to bestow upon another

比

bǐ — Than; compared to; comparison marker

显示

xiǎnshì — To show; to display; to demonstrate clearly

更多

gèng duō — More; even more in quantity or degree

渴望

kěwàng — To yearn for; to crave; intense desire for something

被

bèi — Passive marker; by; indicates action done to subject

之人

zhī rén — The person who; one who does a certain thing

尽可能

jǐn kěnéng — As much as possible; to the greatest extent possible

地

de — Adverbial particle linking adverb to verb

所爱

suǒ ài — That which is loved; the beloved person or thing

便

biàn — Then; consequently; thus; classical resultative conjunction

给

gěi — To give; for; to; beneficiary marker

施加

shījiā — To impose; to exert; to apply pressure or obligation

了

le — Completion particle; indicates action is finished

一项

yī xiàng — One item; a single obligation or task

义务

yìwù — Duty; obligation; responsibility one is bound to

要

yào — Must; need to; want to; expressing requirement

怀有

huáiyǒu — To harbor; to hold within oneself a feeling

充分

chōngfèn — Full; sufficient; ample; to a full degree

爱意

àiyì — Affection; loving feelings; sentiment of love

由

yóu — From; by; starting from a basis or origin

我们

wǒmen — We; us; first person plural pronoun

自身

zìshēn — Oneself; one's own being or self

那些

nàxiē — Those; referring to a group of things or people

同类

tónglèi — Same kind; fellow beings of the same category

之间

zhījiān — Between; among; in the space separating things

这种

zhè zhǒng — This kind of; this type of relationship or thing

关系

guānxi — Relationship; connection; ties between people

出发

chūfā — To set out from; to start from a basis or point

理性

lǐxìng — Reason; rationality; use of logical thinking

为

wéi — As; to serve as; to act as a guide

指导

zhǐdǎo — To guide; to direct; guidance for conduct or life

生活

shēnghuó — Life; daily living; way of living

推导

tuīdǎo — To derive; to deduce; to infer logically from premises

出

chū — Out; resultative complement indicating emergence

种种

zhǒngzhǒng — Various kinds; all sorts of rules or matters

规则

guīzé — Rule; regulation; established norm of conduct

准则

zhǔnzé — Principle; criterion; standard code of conduct

无人

wú rén — No one; nobody; there is no person who

不知

bù zhī — Does not know; unaware; ignorant of something

见

jiàn — See; refer to; look at a cited source

教会

jiàohuì — Church; ecclesiastical organization or institution

政治

zhèngzhì — Politics; political affairs; governance

第一

dì yī — First; number one; the first in a sequence

卷

juàn — Volume; book; a division of a written work

第六

dì liù — Sixth; the sixth item in a sequence

节

jié — Section; paragraph; a division within a chapter