The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano, Or Gustavus Vassa, The African: Written By Himself — Page 2

Vocabulary

私

watashi — First-person pronoun meaning 'I' or 'me'.

の

no — Possessive or linking particle connecting nouns.

人生

jinsei — One's life, lifetime, or personal life experience.

における

ni okeru — Formal particle phrase meaning 'in' or 'regarding'.

出来事

dekigoto — An event, incident, or happening that occurred.

で

de — Particle indicating location, means, or cause.

多く

ooku — Many, much, or a large number of things.

人々

hitobito — People, various individuals, or people in general.

に

ni — Particle indicating direction, location, or indirect object.

起こら

okora — Stem form of 'okoru,' meaning to happen or occur.

なかった

nakatta — Past negative form meaning 'did not exist' or 'did not happen'.

もの

mono — Thing, object, or matter being referred to.

は

wa — Topic marker particle highlighting the subject of sentence.

ほとんど

hotondo — Almost, mostly, or nearly all of something.

ない

nai — Negative auxiliary meaning 'there is not' or 'does not exist'.

と

to — Quotation or conjunction particle meaning 'and' or 'that'.

思う

omou — To think, believe, or feel about something.

確かに

tashika ni — Certainly, surely, or indeed, expressing affirmation.

その

sono — Demonstrative adjective meaning 'that' or 'those'.

数多く

kazuooku — Numerous, many in number, a large quantity.

あり

ari — Conjunctive form of 'aru,' meaning to exist or be.

もし

moshi — Conditional word meaning 'if' or 'supposing that'.

が

ga — Subject marker particle or conjunctive 'but'.

自分

jibun — Oneself, one's own self, reflexive pronoun.

を

wo — Object marker particle indicating the direct object.

ヨーロッパ人

Yōroppa-jin — A European person or someone from Europe.

考える

kangaeru — To think, consider, or regard something.

ならば

naraba — Conditional form meaning 'if it is' or 'if so'.

苦しみ

kurushimi — Suffering, pain, or anguish experienced by someone.

大きかった

ookikatta — Past tense of 'ookii,' meaning was large or great.

言える

ieru — Potential form of 'iu,' meaning can say or be said.

かもしれない

kamoshirenai — Expression meaning 'might be' or 'possibly'.

しかし

shikashi — Conjunction meaning 'however,' 'but,' or 'nevertheless'.

境遇

kyōgū — One's circumstances, situation, or lot in life.

同国人

dōkokujin — Compatriot, fellow countryman, or person of same nationality.

比べる

kuraberu — To compare or contrast one thing with another.

天

ten — Heaven, the sky, or divine providence.

特別

tokubetsu — Special, particular, or exceptional in some way.

な

na — Adjectival particle linking na-adjectives to nouns.

お気に入り

okiniiri — Favorite, beloved, or a cherished preferred thing.

みなし

minashi — Conjunctive form of 'minasu,' to regard or consider as.

あらゆる

arayuru — All, every, or any kind without exception.

摂理

setsuri — Providence, divine guidance, or the order of nature.

恵み

megumi — Blessing, grace, or beneficence received from above.

感謝

kansha — Gratitude, thankfulness, or appreciation for kindness received.

する

suru — To do, perform, or carry out an action.

それゆえ

soreyue — Therefore, for that reason, or consequently.

以下

ika — The following, below, or less than a stated amount.

物語

monogatari — Story, tale, or narrative account of events.

一般

ippan — General, common, or the public in general.

注目

chūmoku — Attention, notice, or public interest in something.

集める

atsumeru — To gather, collect, or attract things or people.

ほど

hodo — Degree, extent, or approximation of an amount.

十分

jūbun — Sufficient, enough, or adequately satisfying a need.

興味深い

kyōmibuka-i — Interesting, fascinating, or deeply engaging to one.

見え

mie — Conjunctive form of 'mieru,' meaning to appear or seem.

して

shite — Conjunctive form of 'suru,' meaning doing or as.

も

mo — Particle meaning 'also,' 'too,' or 'even'.

動機

dōki — Motive, incentive, or reason behind an action.

出版

shuppan — Publication, publishing, or releasing a printed work.

言い訳

iiwake — Excuse, justification, or reason offered for something.

なる

naru — To become, to serve as, or to result in.

こと

koto — Nominalizer indicating a fact, event, or abstract thing.

願う

negau — To wish, hope, or earnestly desire something.

これ

kore — Demonstrative pronoun meaning 'this' or 'this thing'.

によって

ni yotte — By means of, through, or depending on something.

不滅

fumetsu — Immortality, indestructibility, or everlasting endurance.

名声

meisei — Fame, reputation, or renown achieved by someone.

や

ya — Particle listing examples, meaning 'and' or 'or'.

文学的

bungakuteki — Literary, relating to literature or written works.

期待

kitai — Expectation, hope, or anticipation of a future outcome.

愚か

oroka — Foolish, stupid, or lacking good sense or judgment.

虚栄心

kyoei-shin — Vanity, conceit, or excessive pride in oneself.

強い

tsuyoi — Strong, powerful, or intense in degree or force.

わけ

wake — Reason, meaning, or the logic behind a situation.

執筆

shippitsu — Writing, authoring, or the act of composing text.

求めた

motometa — Past tense of 'motomeru,' to seek or request something.

友人

yūjin — Friend, a person with whom one has friendship.

たち

tachi — Plural suffix added to pronouns or nouns for people.

何らか

naniraka — Some kind of, some sort of, or any form.

満足

manzoku — Satisfaction, contentment, or fulfillment of a desire.

もたらす

motarasu — To bring about, cause, or provide something to someone.

か

ka — Question particle or expression of uncertainty or choice.

あるいは

arui wa — Or, alternatively, or on the other hand.

わずか

wazuka — A little, slight, or very small in amount.

でも

demo — Even, or even so, or but in contrast.

人類

jinrui — Humanity, humankind, or the human race collectively.

利益

rieki — Benefit, profit, or advantage gained from something.

促進

sokushin — Promotion, acceleration, or furtherance of a cause.

この

kono — Demonstrative adjective meaning 'this' modifying a noun.

事業

jigyō — Project, enterprise, or business undertaking or venture.

企てられた

kuwadaterareta — Past passive of 'kuwadateru,' planned or undertaken deliberately.

目的

mokuteki — Purpose, goal, or objective of an action or plan.

完全

kanzen — Complete, perfect, or total without any deficiency.

達成

tassei — Achievement, accomplishment, or attainment of a goal.

され

sare — Passive conjunctive form of 'suru,' meaning being done.

心

kokoro — Heart, mind, or inner feelings and spirit.

願い

negai — Wish, desire, or earnest hope for something.

満たされる

mitasareru — To be filled, satisfied, or fulfilled completely.

であろう

dearō — Formal expression meaning 'it probably is' or 'will be'.

非難

hinan — Criticism, blame, or censure directed at someone.

避ける

sakeru — To avoid, evade, or stay away from something.

望む

nozomu — To desire, wish for, or hope for something.

中

naka — Inside, among, or in the middle of something.

称賛

shōsan — Praise, admiration, or commendation given to someone.

望んで

nozonde — Conjunctive form of 'nozomu,' wishing or hoping for.

いる

iru — To exist, be present, or be in a state.

覚えて

oboete — Conjunctive form of 'oboeru,' remembering or memorizing something.

おいて

oite — Conjunctive form meaning 'keep in mind' or 'in'.

ほしい

hoshii — Wanting or wishing for someone to do something.

という

to iu — Called, named, or known as a certain thing.

名

na — Name, reputation, or title of a person or place.

知られる

shirareru — To be known or recognized by others widely.

地域

chiiki — Region, area, or district of a geographic location.

奴隷

dorei — Slave, a person owned and forced to work.

貿易

bōeki — Trade, commerce, or exchange of goods between places.

行われて

okonawarete — Passive conjunctive of 'okonau,' being carried out or conducted.

おり

ori — Conjunctive form of 'oru,' formal version of 'iru.'

から

kara — Particle meaning 'from,' indicating starting point or cause.

まで

made — Particle meaning 'until,' 'up to,' or 'as far as'.

海岸

kaigan — Coast, seashore, or the edge of land by sea.

沿い

zoi — Along, following the length of something like a coast.

以上

ijō — More than, or at least a certain amount or degree.

わたって

watatte — Spanning, extending over, or covering a range or area.

広がり

hirogari — Spread, expanse, or the extent of something spreading out.

様々

samazama — Various, diverse, or many different kinds of things.

王国

ōkoku — Kingdom, a country or realm ruled by a monarch.

含んで

fukunde — Conjunctive form of 'fukumu,' including or containing something.

これら

korera — Demonstrative pronoun meaning 'these' referring to nearby things.

最も

mottomo — Most, the superlative degree indicating the highest extent.

重要

jūyō — Important, significant, or crucial in nature or effect.

であり

de ari — Formal conjunctive copula meaning 'being' or 'which is'.

広さ

hirosa — Width, size, or expanse of an area or space.

富

tomi — Wealth, riches, or abundance of valuable resources.

土壌

dojō — Soil, earth, or the ground layer supporting plant growth.

豊かさ

yutakasa — Richness, abundance, or fertility of resources or land.

耕作

kōsaku — Cultivation, farming, or the tilling of agricultural land.

王

ō — King, monarch, or ruler of a kingdom or realm.

権力

kenryoku — Power, authority, or political influence held by someone.

そして

soshite — Conjunction meaning 'and then,' 'and,' or 'moreover'.

住民

jūmin — Residents, inhabitants, or people living in a place.

数

kazu — Number, count, or quantity of things or people.

好戦的

kōsenteki — Warlike, aggressive, or having a combative nature.

性質

seishitsu — Nature, character, or inherent quality of something.

において

ni oite — Formal phrase meaning 'in,' 'at,' or 'regarding'.

そう

sō — So, that way, or indicating agreement with a statement.

である

de aru — Formal copula meaning 'to be' or 'is' formally.