The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano, Or Gustavus Vassa, The African: Written By Himself — Page 4

Vocabulary

이

i — This; used as a demonstrative pronoun or determiner.

표식은

pyosig-eun — The mark/sign (topic marker attached).

이마

ima — Forehead; the front part of the face above eyes.

상단의

sangdan-ui — Of the upper part; belonging to the top section.

피부를

pibu-reul — Skin (object marker attached); outer body covering.

가로로

garo-ro — Horizontally; in a sideways or lateral direction.

눈썹까지

nunsseopp-kkaji — Up to the eyebrows; reaching as far as eyebrows.

당긴

danggin — Pulled; having stretched or drawn something toward.

다음

da-eum — Next; following; after a certain point or step.

그

geu — That; he; a third-person demonstrative or pronoun.

상태에서

sangtae-eseo — In that state/condition; while remaining in condition.

따뜻한

ttatteuthan — Warm; having a comfortably moderate temperature.

손을

son-eul — Hand (object marker); the human hand.

대고

daego — Placing against; pressing or touching a surface.

문질러

munjilleo — Rubbing; applying friction repeatedly over a surface.

하단부에

hadanbu-e — At the lower part/section; in the bottom area.

두꺼운

dukkeoun — Thick; having a large measurement from side to side.

흉터가

hyungteo-ga — Scar (subject marker); mark left after wound healing.

생길

saengil — To form/appear; future form of 생기다 (to arise).

때까지

ttae-kkaji — Until the time; up to a certain point or moment.

방식으로

bangsig-euro — By means of a method; in a particular way or manner.

자격이

jagyeog-i — Qualification/eligibility (subject marker); meeting requirements.

있는

inneun — Existing; having; present participial form of 있다.

사람에게

saram-ege — To a person; given or directed toward someone.

부여된다

buyeo-doenda — Is conferred/granted; bestowed upon someone officially.

대부분의

daebubun-ui — Most of; the majority of a group or things.

재판관과

jaepangwan-gwa — Judge(s) and; legal officials who preside over trials.

원로들은

wollo-deul-eun — The elders (topic marker); respected senior community leaders.

이와

i-wa — With this; together with this particular thing.

같이

gachi — Like; similarly; in the same way as something.

표식을

pyosig-eul — The mark/sign (object marker); a distinguishing symbol.

받았으며

bad-ass-eumyeo — Received and; having gotten something, connecting clauses.

나의

na-ui — My; belonging to me; first-person possessive form.

아버지도

abeoji-do — Father also; my father too, inclusive particle attached.

오래전부터

oraejeon-buteo — Since long ago; from a time far in the past.

그것을

geugeos-eul — That thing (object marker); referring to something mentioned.

지니고

jinigo — Carrying/possessing; holding or bearing something with one.

있었다

iss-eossda — Had; was existing; past tense of 있다 (to have/be).

나는

na-neun — I (topic marker); first-person singular subject pronoun.

내

nae — My; contracted possessive form of 나의 (my).

형제

hyeongje — Sibling(s)/brother(s); male siblings in a family.

중

jung — Among; in the middle of a group or set.

한

han — One; a single unit; the number one as determiner.

명이

myeong-i — Person (subject marker); counter for people, one person.

받는

badneun — Receiving; present participial form of 받다 (to receive).

것을

geos-eul —

보았고

bo-assgo — Saw and; witnessed something, connecting to next clause.

나

na — I; me; first-person singular informal pronoun.

역시

yeoksi — Also; too; likewise; similarly as well.

부모님으로부터

bumonim-euro-buteo — From one's parents; originating from mother and father.

받을

bad-eul — To receive (future modifier); going to get something.

운명이었다

unmyeong-i-eossda — Was destined; it was one's fate or predetermined lot.

불리는

bullineun — Called/named; present participial passive of 부르다.

수장들은

sujang-deul-eun — The chiefs/leaders (topic marker); heads of a community.

분쟁을

bunjaeng-eul — Disputes/conflicts (object marker); disagreements between parties.

해결하고

haegyeol-hago — Resolved and; settled matters, connecting to next clause.

범죄를

beomjoe-reul — Crime(s) (object marker); illegal or harmful acts committed.

처벌하였으며

cheobeol-hayeoss-eumyeo — Punished and; inflicted penalties, connecting to next clause.

그러한

geureuhan — Such; that kind of; of that nature or type.

목적을

mokjeok-eul — Purpose/goal (object marker); the aim or objective intended.

위해

wihae — For the sake of; in order to achieve a goal.

항상

hangsang — Always; at all times; constantly without exception.

함께

hamkke — Together; jointly; in company with others.

모였다

moyeossda — Gathered; assembled together in one place for purpose.

절차는

jeolcha-neun — The procedure/process (topic marker); steps followed officially.

대체로

daechero — Generally; for the most part; usually in broad terms.

짧았으며

jjalb-ass-eumyeo — Was short/brief and; connecting to the following clause.

경우

gyeong-u — Case; situation; instance or circumstance encountered.

보복의

bobok-ui — Of retaliation/retribution; possessive relating to revenge.

법이

beob-i — Law (subject marker); a rule or legal principle applied.

적용되었다

jeogyong-doeyeossda — Was applied; put into effect for a particular case.

남자가

namja-ga — A man (subject marker); an adult male person.

소년을

sonyeon-eul — A boy (object marker); a young male child or youth.

납치한

napchi-han — Who kidnapped; having abducted someone against their will.

죄로

joe-ro — For the crime of; due to a committed offense.

아버지와

abeoji-wa — With the father; together with one's male parent.

다른

dareun — Other; different; another person or thing distinct from.

재판관들

jaepangwan-deul — Judges (plural); multiple officials presiding over legal cases.

앞에

ap-e — In front of; before; at the face of someone.

끌려온

kkeullyeo-on — Was dragged/brought; forcibly led to a place.

기억한다

gieok-handa — Remembers; recalls something from the past clearly.

비록

birok — Although; even though; despite the fact that.

그가

geu-ga — He (subject marker); third-person male subject pronoun.

수장이나

sujang-ina — Chief or; either a leader or someone of status.

원로의

wollo-ui — Of the elder; possessive relating to a senior leader.

아들이었음에도

adeul-i-eoss-eumedo — Even though he was a son; despite being someone's son.

불구하고

bulgu-hago — Regardless; in spite of; notwithstanding circumstances.

그는

geu-neun — He (topic marker); referring to a previously mentioned male.

남자

namja — Man; adult male; a grown male person.

또는

ttoneun — Or; alternatively; presenting one option among others.

여자

yeoja — Woman; an adult female person.

노예

noye — Slave; a person owned and forced to work.

명으로

myeong-euro — With (number of) people; using the counter for persons.

배상할

baesang-hal — To compensate; future form of paying restitution or damages.

선고받았다

seongo-bad-assda — Was sentenced; received an official judicial verdict/punishment.

그러나

geureona — However; but; a conjunction indicating contrast or exception.

때로

ttaero — Sometimes; at times; occasionally in certain circumstances.

신분이나

sinbun-ina — Status or; social rank or class, among other options.

사형으로

sahyeong-euro — By death penalty; punishment resulting in execution.

처벌받았는데

cheobeol-bad-assnunde — Was punished, and; received penalty, providing context for following.

이는

i-neun — This (topic marker); referring to previously mentioned matter.

아프리카

apeurika — Africa; the continent of Africa.

민족에서

minjok-eseo — Among the people/nation; within an ethnic group or community.

형벌이라고

hyeongbeol-irago — Saying it is punishment; quoting it as a penalty.

믿는다

midneunda — Believes; trusts; holds something to be true.

그만큼

geumankeum — That much; to that extent or degree of importance.

그들에게

geudeul-ege — To them; for those people; directed toward that group.

혼인의

honin-ui — Of marriage; pertaining to the institution of matrimony.

신성한

sinseonghan — Sacred; holy; regarded as divine or inviolably important.

것이며

geos-imyeo — Is a thing and; nominalizer connecting clauses together.

그들은

geudeul-eun — They (topic marker); referring to a previously mentioned group.

아내의

anae-ui — Wife's; possessive relating to one's female spouse.

대해

daehae — About; regarding; concerning a particular subject matter.

매우

maeu — Very; extremely; to a great degree or extent.

질투심이

jiltusim-i — Jealousy (subject marker); feeling of envy or possessiveness.

강하다

ganghada — Is strong; powerful; having great force or intensity.

이에

i-e — In this regard; concerning this matter or point.

관해

gwanhae — Regarding; about; relating to a particular subject.

가지

gaji — Kind(s)/sort(s); a counter for types or varieties.

사례를

sarye-reul — Case/example (object marker); a specific instance cited.

여자가

yeoja-ga — A woman (subject marker); a female person as subject.

앞에서

ap-eseo — In front of; before an audience or people present.

유죄

yujoe — Guilty; a verdict finding someone responsible for wrongdoing.

판결을

pangyeol-eul — Verdict/ruling (object marker); an official judicial decision.

받고

badgo — Receiving and; having gotten something, continuing to next.

관습에

gwanseup-e — According to custom; following established traditional practice.

따라

ttara — Following; according to; in accordance with something.

처벌을

cheobeol-eul — Punishment (object marker); a penalty for a wrongdoing.

받도록

baddo-rok — So as to receive; in order to undergo punishment.

남편에게

nampyeon-ege — To the husband; directed toward one's male spouse.

넘겨졌다

neomgyeo-jyeossda — Was handed over; transferred to someone else's authority.