The Picture of Dorian Gray — Page 9

Vocabulary

ความสุข

khwaam suk — happiness; a state of joy and contentment

คือ

khue — is; to be; means (linking verb)

บทพิสูจน์

bot phi suut — proof; evidence that demonstrates something true

ของ

khoong — of; belonging to; possessive particle

ธรรมชาติ

tham ma chaat — nature; the natural world and its phenomena

เป็น

pen — to be; to exist as something

สัญลักษณ์

san ya lak — symbol; a sign representing something else

แห่ง

haeng — of; from; classifier for places or things

การ

kaan — prefix nominalizing verbs into abstract nouns

ยอมรับ

yoom rap — to accept; to acknowledge or admit something

เธอ

thoe — she; her; informal second-person pronoun

เมื่อ

mueea — when; at the time that something happened

เรา

rao — we; us; first-person plural pronoun

มี

mii — to have; to possess something

ก็

ko — also; then; discourse particle linking clauses

ดี

dii — good; well; of positive quality

เสมอ

sa moe — always; consistently; ever the same

แต่

tae — but; however; contrasting conjunction

ไม่ได้

mai dai — did not; cannot; negates past or ability

ไป

pai — to go; moving away from current location

คุณ

khun — you; polite second-person pronoun; Mr./Ms.

หมายความว่า

maai khwaam waa — to mean; to signify a particular meaning

อะไร

a rai — what; anything; interrogative pronoun

ด้วย

duai — also; with; too; accompanying particle

คำว่า

kham waa — the word; the term; introducing a quoted word

ร้อง

roong — to cry out; to shout; to sing

ถาม

thaam — to ask; to pose a question to someone

ใช่

chai — yes; correct; affirming agreement

พูด

phuut — to speak; to talk; to say something

ตาม

taam — to follow; according to; in accordance with

โน้มตัว

noom tua — to lean the body forward or toward something

พิง

phing — to lean against; to rest against a surface

พนัก

pha nak — backrest; the back support of a chair

เก้าอี้

kao ii — chair; a seat with a back support

และ

lae — and; connecting words or clauses together

มอง

moong — to look at; to gaze toward something

ข้าม

khaam — to cross over; beyond; across something

ช่อ

choo — bunch; cluster of flowers or plants

ริมปาก

rim paak — lip; the edge of the mouth

สีม่วง

sii muang — purple; the color between blue and red

อัน

an — general classifier for various objects

ดก

dok — abundant; dense; growing thickly

หนา

naa — thick; dense; having great depth

ที่

thii — at; which; relative pronoun or place marker

ตั้ง

tang — to place; to set up; to position something

อยู่

yuu — to be located; to stay; to live somewhere

กลาง

klaang — middle; center; in the midst of something

โต๊ะ

to — table; a flat-surfaced piece of furniture

ยัง

yang — still; yet; also; continuing particle

ว่า

waa — that; quotative particle introducing reported speech

คนดี

khon dii — good person; someone of virtuous character

ใน

nai — in; inside; within a place or concept

ความ

khwaam — abstract noun prefix indicating a state or quality

สอดคล้อง

soot khloong — to be consistent; to harmonize or align with

กลมกลืน

klom kluen — harmonious; blending smoothly together

กับ

kap — with; together with; and (joining nouns)

ตัวเอง

tua eeng — oneself; yourself; by one's own self

เขา

khao — he; she; they; third-person pronoun

ตอบ

tooop — to answer; to respond to a question

พลาง

phlaang — while; doing something simultaneously at the same time

ใช้

chai — to use; to utilize something for a purpose

นิ้วมือ

niu mue — finger; one of the digits on a hand

สีซีด

sii siit — pale; faded color; lacking vibrancy

เรียวแหลม

riao laem — slender and pointed; long and tapering in shape

แตะ

tae — to touch lightly; to tap gently

ก้าน

kaan — stem; stalk of a flower or plant

แก้ว

kaeo — glass; a drinking vessel; also means crystal

บาง

baang — thin; slim; some; a few

ไม่ลงรอย

mai long roi — to not get along; to be incompatible with

ถูก

thuuk — correct; cheap; to be subjected to something

บังคับ

bang khap — to force; to compel; to impose on someone

ให้

hai — to give; to let; causative particle

ผู้อื่น

phuu uuen — others; other people; someone else

ชีวิต

chii wit — life; one's existence and way of living

นั่น

nan — that; that one over there (demonstrative)

สิ่ง

sing — thing; object; matter; abstract or concrete item

สำคัญ

sam khan — important; significant; of great consequence

ส่วน

suan — part; section; as for; regarding

เพื่อนบ้าน

phueean baan — neighbor; a person living nearby

หาก

haak — if; in the event that something occurs

ใคร

khrai — who; anyone; interrogative or indefinite pronoun

อยาก

yaak — to want; to desire something strongly

คน

khon — person; people; human being

หยิ่งทะนง

ying tha nong — proud; arrogant; having an inflated self-regard

หรือ

rue — or; question particle at sentence end

พวก

phuak — group; bunch; those (plural marker)

เคร่งศีลธรรม

khreeng siin la tham — moralistic; strictly adhering to moral principles

อาจ

aat — might; may; expressing possibility or likelihood

อวดอ้าง

uaat aang — to boast; to claim or show off proudly

ทัศนะ

that sa na — viewpoint; perspective; one's opinion or outlook

ทาง

thaang — way; path; direction; regarding (a topic)

ศีลธรรม

siin la tham — morality; ethics; moral principles and conduct

ตน

ton — oneself; reflexive pronoun referring to the self

ต่อ

too — toward; against; per; connecting preposition

พวกเขา

phuak khao — they; them; third-person plural pronoun

ได้

dai — can; could; to obtain; past tense marker

ไม่ใช่

mai chai — is not; no; negating identity or category

ธุระ

thu ra — business; concern; affair; one's own matter

ยิ่งไปกว่านั้น

ying pai kwaa nan — furthermore; moreover; even more than that

ปัจเจกนิยม

pat ja ek ni yom — individualism; the philosophy prioritizing individual freedom

เป้าหมาย

pao maai — goal; aim; target one strives to achieve

สูงส่ง

suung song — lofty; noble; elevated in status or ideals

กว่า

kwaa — more than; comparative particle indicating degree

อย่าง

yaang — kind; way; manner; adverbial modifier

แท้จริง

thae jing — truly; genuine; real; in truth

สมัยใหม่

sa mai mai — modern; contemporary; of the present era

ประกอบด้วย

pra koop duai — to consist of; to be composed of elements

มาตรฐาน

maat tra thaan — standard; benchmark; an established norm or criterion

ยุคสมัย

yuk sa mai — era; age; a particular period of time

ข้าพเจ้า

khaa pha jao — I; me; formal first-person pronoun

ถือว่า

thue waa — to consider; to regard as; to deem something

ผู้มี

phuu mii — one who has; a person possessing something

วัฒนธรรม

wat tha na tham — culture; the customs and values of a society

ใด

dai — any; which; an indefinite or interrogative modifier

จะ

ja — will; future tense marker in Thai

นั้น

nan — that; those; demonstrative adjective or pronoun

รูปแบบ

ruup baep — form; format; pattern; style of something

หนึ่ง

nueng — one; a single unit; the number one

ผิดศีลธรรม

phit siin la tham — immoral; going against ethical or moral principles

ร้ายแรง

raai raeng — serious; severe; grave in nature or consequence

ที่สุด

thii sut — most; the utmost; superlative degree marker

แน่นอน

nae noon — certainly; of course; definitely without doubt

ดำรง

dam rong — to maintain; to sustain; to preserve a state

เพื่อ

phuea — in order to; for the purpose of something

เพียง

phiang — only; merely; just; nothing more than

อย่างเดียว

yaang diao — only; solely; one thing only

ต้อง

toong — must; have to; be required to do

จ่าย

jaai — to pay; to spend money for something

ราคา

raa khaa — price; cost; the monetary value of something

แสน

saen — hundred thousand; extremely; very (intensifier)

แพง

phaeng — expensive; costly; high in price

สำหรับ

sam rap — for; intended for; in preparation for someone

ทำ

tham — to do; to make; to perform an action

เช่นนั้น

chen nan — like that; in that way; such as that

มิใช่

mi chai — is not; formal negation of identity

จิตรกร

jit tra koon — painter; an artist who creates visual art

เสนอ

sa noe — to propose; to suggest; to offer an idea

ทุกวันนี้

thuk wan nii — nowadays; these days; in the present time

คิด

khit — to think; to consider; to reflect mentally

เกินไป

koen pai — too much; excessively; going beyond a limit

ทุก

thuk — every; all; each without exception

คิดว่า

khit waa — to think that; to believe or suppose something

โศกนาฏกรรม

sook na tat kaam — tragedy; a disastrous event with sorrowful outcome

ยากจน

yaak jon — poor; impoverished; lacking financial resources

ไม่

mai — not; no; general negation particle

นอกจาก

nook jaak — except; besides; other than something stated

ปฏิเสธ

pa ti set — to deny; to refuse; to reject something

บาป

baap — sin; wrongdoing; moral transgression

งดงาม

ngot ngaam — beautiful; elegant; exquisitely pleasing to sense

เช่นเดียวกับ

chen diao kap — same as; just like; in the same way as

สิทธิพิเศษ

sit thi phi set — privilege; a special right or advantage granted

ร่ำรวย

ram ruai — wealthy; rich; having abundant financial resources