The Prince — Page 4

Vocabulary

の

no — Possessive or descriptive particle linking nouns.

生涯

shōgai — One's entire life or lifetime.

における

ni okeru — In, at, or regarding a specific context.

家

ke / ie — Family, household, or clan.

統治

tōchi — Governance, rule, or administration of a territory.

壮麗

sōrei — Magnificent, grand, and splendid in appearance.

さ

sa — Suffix nominalizing adjectives to express degree.

は

wa — Topic-marking particle identifying the sentence subject.

に

ni — Particle indicating direction, location, or indirect object.

強い

tsuyoi — Strong, powerful, or intense.

印象

inshō — Impression or impact left on someone's mind.

を

wo — Object-marking particle indicating the direct object.

与え

atae — Give or provide something to someone (verb stem).

た

ta — Past tense auxiliary verb ending.

よう

yō — Appears that, seems like; expressing conjecture.

で

de — Particle indicating means, location of action, or cause.

あり

ari — To be or exist; conjunctive form of ある.

彼

kare — He, him; third-person masculine pronoun.

その

sono — That, those; demonstrative modifier for nouns.

著作

chosaku — Written work, literary or scholarly publication.

中

naka / chū — Inside, within, or among something.

それ

sore — That; mid-distance demonstrative pronoun.

たびたび

tabitabi — Repeatedly, frequently, many times over.

言及

genkyū — Reference or mention of something in writing or speech.

し

shi — Conjunctive form of する; connects clauses.

て

te — Conjunctive particle linking sequential or related actions.

おり

ori — Humble or literary form of いる (to be/exist).

君主論

kunshuron — The Prince; Machiavelli's famous political treatise.

孫

mago — Grandchild or descendant.

献呈

kentei — Dedication or formal presentation of a work to someone.

いる

iru — To exist, to be (for animate beings).

史

shi — History or historical record of a place or period.

自ら

mizukara — Oneself, personally; acting by one's own initiative.

青春

seishun — Youth, springtime of life, adolescence.

時代

jidai — Era, age, or period in time.

共

tomo — Together with; shared participation with others.

過ごし

sugoshi — Spent time; passed time in a certain way.

若者

wakamono — Young person, youth, young people.

たち

tachi — Plural suffix for people or animate beings.

姿

sugata — Figure, appearance, or form of a person or thing.

描い

egai — Drew, depicted, or portrayed (verb stem of 描く).

こう

kō — Thus, in this way, like this.

記し

shirushi / shiki — Wrote down, noted, or recorded in writing.

彼ら

karera — They, them; third-person plural pronoun.

服装

fukusō — Clothing, attire, or style of dress.

や

ya — And, or; particle listing items non-exhaustively.

生活

seikatsu — Daily life, lifestyle, or living conditions.

において

ni oite — In, at, with regard to a situation or field.

先祖

senzo — Ancestors, forebears, or predecessors in a lineage.

より

yori — Than; comparative particle, or from a starting point.

も

mo — Also, too, even; inclusive or emphatic particle.

自由

jiyū — Freedom, liberty, or being unrestrained.

奔放

honpō — Uninhibited, free-spirited, unrestrained in behavior.

怠惰

taida — Laziness, idleness, sloth.

賭け

kake — Gambling, betting, a wager or bet.

事

koto — Thing, matter, fact, or nominalized action.

女性

josei — Woman, female, women in general.

と

to — And, with; particle linking nouns or quotations.

時間

jikan — Time, hours, or a period of time.

金

kane / kin — Money, gold; financial resources.

つい

tsui — Unintentionally, before realizing it, inadvertently.

さらに

sara ni — Furthermore, moreover, even more so.

様々

samazama — Various, diverse, all sorts of.

な

na — Adjectival linking particle for na-adjectives.

放蕩

hōtō — Debauchery, dissipation, dissolute behavior.

多く

ōku — Many, much, a large amount or number.

費やし

tsuyashi — Spent, expended resources such as time or money.

主な

omo na — Main, principal, primary among several things.

目的

mokuteki — Purpose, goal, or objective one aims for.

着飾っ

kizakatsu — Dressed up, adorned oneself with fine clothing.

見せる

miseru — To show, display, or let someone see something.

こと

koto — Thing, act, or nominalizer turning verbs into nouns.

機知

kichi — Wit, quick intelligence, resourceful cleverness.

鋭さ

surudosa — Sharpness, keenness, acuteness of mind or senses.

もっ

mot- — Having, possessing (te-form stem of 持つ).

語る

kataru — To speak, tell, or narrate a story or opinion.

最も

mottomo — Most, the greatest degree; superlative adverb.

巧み

takumi — Skill, cleverness, dexterity; skillfully done.

他者

tasha — Other person, another individual, others.

傷つける

kizutsukeru — To wound, hurt, or harm someone physically or emotionally.

が

ga — Subject marker particle; also a conjunctive particle.

でき

deki — Can do, is able to (stem of できる).

る

ru — Verb ending indicating dictionary or present tense form.

者

mono / sha — Person, one who does a particular thing.

こそ

koso — Emphatic particle meaning precisely, exactly, indeed.

賢い

kashikoi — Wise, intelligent, clever, smart.

みなさ

minasa — Considered or regarded as (stem of みなす, to regard).

れ

re — Passive or potential verb ending suffix.

息子

musuko — Son, one's own male child.

へ

e — Directional particle indicating movement toward a destination.

手紙

tegami — Letter, written correspondence sent to someone.

なぜ

naze — Why; asking for reason or cause.

学問

gakumon — Learning, academic study, scholarship.

機会

kikai — Opportunity, chance, occasion to do something.

活かす

ikasu — To make use of, utilize, or put to good use.

べき

beki — Should, ought to; expressing obligation or expectation.

か

ka — Question particle; also expresses uncertainty or choice.

示し

shimeshi — Showed, indicated, or demonstrated something to someone.

青年

seinen — Young man, youth, person in early adulthood.

うかがわ

ukagawa — Glimpse of, perceive a hint of (polite verb stem).

せる

seru — Causative auxiliary verb suffix; to make or let do.

あなた

anata — You; second-person pronoun in Japanese.

受け取り

uketori — Received, accepted something given or sent.

この

kono — This; demonstrative modifier for nearby nouns.

上

ue / jō — Above, top, upon; beyond or greater than.

ない

nai — Not exist, none; negation or absence of something.

喜び

yorokobi — Joy, happiness, delight.

覚え

oboe — Feeling, sense of; also memory or recollection.

まし

mashi — Polite past auxiliary (ました form stem).

とりわけ

toriwake — Especially, particularly, above all others.

健康

kenkō — Health, good physical condition, well-being.

すっかり

sukkari — Completely, entirely, thoroughly recovered or changed.

回復

kaifuku — Recovery, restoration to health or previous state.

伝え

tsutae — Told, conveyed, or communicated information to someone.

くれ

kure — Give to me; request form of くれる.

これ

kore — This; near-speaker demonstrative pronoun.

以上

ijō — More than, beyond, no greater or further news.

知らせ

shirase — News, notification, or tidings communicated to someone.

ほど

hodo — To the extent that, as much as, degree or limit.

です

desu — Polite copula meaning is, are, am.

神

kami — God, deity, divine being.

私

watashi — I, me; first-person singular pronoun.

命

inochi — Life, one's vital existence or lifespan.

くださる

kudasaru — Honorific form of giving; to graciously grant or bestow.

なら

nara — If, provided that; conditional particle.

ば

ba — Conditional particle meaning if or when.

努め

tsutome — Effort, duty; striving diligently toward a goal.

果たす

hatasu — To fulfill, accomplish, or carry out a duty or goal.

意志

ishi — Will, volition, strong intention or determination.

さえ

sae — Even, as long as; minimum condition particle.

あれ

are — If there is, should there be (conditional of ある).

立派

rippa — Splendid, admirable, fine, respectable.

人間

ningen — Human being, person, humanity.

育て

sodate — Raise, nurture, or bring up a person or child.

たい

tai — Want to do; expresses speaker's desire or wish.

願っ

negat- — Wished, hoped, desired earnestly (stem of 願う).

い

i — Continuative stem of いる; ongoing state.

ます

masu — Polite verb ending indicating present or future tense.