The Prince — Page 8

Vocabulary

프랑스

Peurangseu — France; a Western European country.

스페인

Seupein — Spain; a country on the Iberian Peninsula.

독일에

Dogire — Germany; large Central European nation, with locative marker.

의해

uihae — By means of; indicates agent or cause.

지배되었으며

jibaedoeeosseumyeo — Was ruled or dominated; passive form with connective.

그

geu — That; a determiner or pronoun referring to something.

결과가

gyeolgwaga — The result or outcome; subject-marked noun.

오늘날까지

oneullalkkaji — Until today; up to the present day.

이어진

ieojin — Continued or connected; having carried on until now.

이탈리아

Itallia — Italy; a Southern European Mediterranean country.

여러

yeoreo — Several; various; multiple things or people.

국가들의

gukgadeului — Of the states or nations; possessive plural marker.

변화무쌍한

byeonhwamusanghan — Ever-changing; unpredictably volatile in nature or character.

운명을

unmyeongeul — Fate or destiny; object-marked noun referring to fortune.

여기서

yeogiseo — Here; at this place or point in discussion.

따라가는

ttaraganeun — Following or tracing; present attributive form of follow.

것은

geoseun — The thing (topic); nominalizing particle with topic marker.

불가능하다

bulganeunghada — Is impossible; something that cannot be done.

우리는

urineun — We; first-person plural pronoun with topic marker.

사건들과

sageondeurwa — Events or incidents; plural noun with conjunctive particle.

안의

anui — Inside of; within; possessive form of interior.

세

se — Three; numerical determiner preceding a noun.

위대한

widae han — Great or magnificent; describing remarkable stature or importance.

주역들에

juyeokdeure — To the main players or protagonists; key figures involved.

대해

daehae — About or regarding; indicates the topic of discussion.

오직

ojik — Only; solely; nothing more than.

인격과

ingyeokgwa — Character or personality; with conjunctive particle.

맞닿는

matdanneun — Touching or meeting; where two things come into contact.

범위

beomwi — Scope or range; the extent of something covered.

안에서만

aneseo man — Only within; restricted to the inside of something.

관심을

gwansimeul — Interest or attention; object-marked noun for concern.

가진다

gajinda — Has or holds; present tense declarative form.

그는

geuneun — He; third-person male pronoun with topic marker.

프랑스의

Peurangseuui — Of France; possessive marker attached to France.

차례

charye — Turn or occasion; an instance or sequential order.

만남을

mannameul — A meeting or encounter; object-marked noun for meeting.

가졌으며

gajyeosseumyeo — Had or held; past tense with connective ending.

군주의

gunjuui — Of the prince or ruler; possessive noun for sovereign.

성격에

seonggyeoge — Regarding character or personality; locative-marked noun.

대한

daehan — Regarding or about; attributive form of 대하다.

그의

geuui — His; possessive form of the third-person pronoun.

평가는

pyeongganeun — Assessment or evaluation; topic-marked noun for judgment.

이미

imi — Already; something that has occurred beforehand.

앞서

apsseo — Previously; earlier; before the current point.

언급된

eongeubdoen — Mentioned; having been referred to previously.

바

ba — Fact or instance; nominalizer indicating something noted.

있다

itda — There is; to exist; basic existence verb.

종교라는

jongyoranneun — Called religion; quoting or labeling something as religion.

외투

oetu — Overcoat or cloak; outer garment, used here metaphorically.

아래

arae — Under or below; beneath something physically or figuratively.

일들을

ildeureul — Tasks or deeds; plural object-marked noun for affairs.

성취한

seongtwiihan — Accomplished or achieved; past attributive form of achieve.

인물로

inmulro — As a person or figure; instrumental form of 인물.

묘사했지만

myosahaejiiman — Depicted or described, but; past tense with contrast.

실제로는

siljero neun — In reality; actually; topic-marked adverbial phrase.

자비도

jabido — Even mercy; compassion with additive particle.

신의도

Even faithfulness; loyalty or trust with additive particle.

인간애도

inganae do — Even humanity or human love; with additive particle.

성실함도

seongssilhamdo — Even sincerity; diligence with additive particle.

없는

eomneun — Without; lacking; attributive form of not having.

사람으로

sarameuro — As a person; instrumental-role marker after person.

그렸다

geuryeotda — Drew or portrayed; depicted in a descriptive manner.

그리고

geurigo — And; a conjunction connecting two clauses or ideas.

만약

manyak — If; a conditional conjunction introducing hypothetical situations.

그가

geuga — He (subject); third-person male pronoun with subject marker.

그러한

geureuhan — Such; that kind of; referring to previously mentioned things.

동기들에

dongkideule — To the motives; plural noun with locative particle.

영향을

yeonghyangeul — Influence or effect; object-marked noun for impact.

받도록

batdorok — So as to receive; purposive connective form of receive.

내버려

naebeoryeo — Leave alone; abandon; let something be without interference.

두었다면

dueotdamyeon — If had left; past hypothetical conditional connective form.

파멸했을

pamyeolhaesseul — Would have been ruined; past prospective attributive form.

것이라고

geosirago — That it would be; indirect quotation nominalizer form.

했다

haetda — Said or did; past tense declarative form.

황제

hwangje — Emperor; supreme ruler of an empire.

시대에

sidae e — In the era or age; locative-marked temporal noun.

가장

gajang — Most; the superlative degree marker in Korean.

흥미로운

heungmioun — Interesting or fascinating; attributive form of 흥미롭다.

인물

inmul — Person or figure; notable individual in history or story.

중

jung — Among; in the middle of a group or set.

하나였으며

hanayeosseumyeo — Was one of; past tense with connective ending.

성격은

seonggyeogeun — Character or personality (topic); nature of a person.

많은

maneun — Many; a large number or quantity of something.

사람들에

saramdeule — By people; plural noun with locative or agent particle.

묘사된

myosadoen — Described or depicted; passive past attributive form.

그러나

geureona — However; but; a conjunction indicating contrast.

궁정에

gungjeonge — At the royal court; locative-marked noun for palace court.

사절로

sajeolro — As an envoy or delegate; instrumental role marker.

파견되었던

pakyeondoeeotdeon — Had been dispatched; past retrospective passive attributive form.

비밀스러운

bimisseureooun — Secretive or mysterious; attributive form of 비밀스럽다.

강인함이

ganginhami — Toughness or firmness; strength of character as subject.

없으며

eopseumyeo — Lacking; without; connective form of not having.

자신의

jasinui — One's own; possessive reflexive pronoun.

계획을

gyehoegeul — Plan or scheme; object-marked noun for intended course.

실행에

silhaenge — Into execution or practice; locative noun for implementation.

옮기는

omgineun — Moving or transferring; attributive form of 옮기다.

데

de — In doing; a nominalizer indicating process or circumstance.

필요한

piryohan — Necessary or needed; attributive form of 필요하다.

인적

injeok — Human; relating to personnel or human resources.

수단을

sudaneul — Means or method; object-marked noun for tools used.

무시하고

musihago — Ignoring or disregarding; connective form of 무시하다.

뜻이

tteusi — Will or intention; subject-marked noun for purpose.

이루어지도록

irueojidorok — So that it is achieved; purposive connective passive form.

결코

gyeolko — Never; absolutely not; strong negative adverb.

주장하지

jujangha ji — Assert or insist; stem form with negative connective.

않는

anneun — Not doing; present attributive negation form.

묘사함으로써

myosahameurosse — By depicting or describing; instrumental connective form.

수많은

sumaneun — Numerous or countless; very many in quantity.

실패의

silpaeui — Of failure; possessive noun marking a failure.

비밀을

bimireul — Secret; object-marked noun for hidden information.

드러낸다

deureonaenda — Reveals or exposes; present tense declarative form.

공직

gongjik — Public office; an official governmental position or post.

생활

saenghwal — Life or living; daily existence or lifestyle activities.

남은

nameun — Remaining; left over; attributive form of 남다.

기간은

giganeun — Period or duration (topic); span of time.

동맹에서

dongmaengeseo — From the alliance; ablative-locative form of alliance.

비롯된

birotdoen — Originating from; stemming from; past attributive form.

사건들로

sageondeurro — With events; instrumental plural form of incidents.

가득

gadeuk — Full or filled; brimming with something.

찼는데

chatneunde — Was filled; past tense with background connective ending.

이

i — This; a proximal demonstrative determiner.

동맹은

dongmaengeun — The alliance (topic); a pact between nations or parties.

언급한

eongeupan — Mentioned; referred to; past attributive form of 언급하다.

유럽

Yureop — Europe; the continent of European nations.

강대국과

gangdaegukgwa — With the great powers; major powerful nations conjunctive.

교황

gyohwang — Pope; the head of the Roman Catholic Church.

사이에

saie — Between; in the space separating two parties.

공화국을

gonghwagukeul — The republic (object); a state governed by elected leaders.

무너뜨릴

muneoddeuril — To topple or collapse; prospective attributive of 무너뜨리다.

목적으로

mokjeogeuro — For the purpose of; instrumental form of goal or aim.

맺어졌다

maejyeojyeotda — Was formed or concluded; passive past tense declarative.