The Republic — Page 11

Vocabulary

이

i — This; used as a demonstrative pronoun or determiner.

기준으로

gijun-euro — Based on a standard or criterion.

판단하면

pandanhамyeon — If one judges or evaluates something.

대화편

daehwapyeon — A dialogue; a written philosophical conversational work.

중

jung — Among; in the middle of a group or set.

몇

myeot — A few; some; an unspecified small number.

가지는

gajineun — Possesses; has certain features or characteristics.

현대적

hyeondaejeok — Modern; relating to contemporary times or perspectives.

관점에서

gwanjeom-eseo — From a viewpoint or perspective.

결함이

gyeolhami — A flaw or defect (subject marker attached).

있는

inneun — Existing; that has or contains something.

것처럼

geotcheoreom — As if; appearing to be a certain way.

보이지만

boijiman — Appears to be, but; seems like, however.

그

geu — That; a demonstrative referring to something mentioned.

서로

seo-ro — Each other; mutually; one another.

다른

dareun — Different; another; distinct from something else.

시기에

sigje-e — At a time or period; during a specific era.

또는

ttoneun — Or; alternatively; used to present another option.

사람의

saramui — Of a person; belonging to someone.

손으로

son-euro — By hand; written or done by someone's hand.

저술되었다는

jeosuldoeeotdaneun — That it was authored or written by someone.

증거는

jeunggeoneun — Evidence; proof (topic marker attached).

아니다

anida — Is not; a negation asserting something is false.

그리고

geurigo — And; furthermore; used to connect clauses.

중단

jungdan — Interruption; suspension; stopping midway through.

없이

eopsi — Without; in the absence of something.

지속적인

jisokjeogin — Continuous; ongoing; sustained over a period of time.

노력으로

noryeok-euro — With effort; through exertion or hard work.

가정은

gajeong-eun — The assumption or premise (topic marker attached).

작품의

jakpumui — Of a work; belonging to a literary or artistic piece.

한

han — One; a single; used as a numeral or determiner.

부분에서

bubun-eseo — From a part or section of something.

부분으로의

bubun-euro-ui — Toward a part; transitioning from one section to another.

수많은

sumaneun — Numerous; countless; a very large number of.

상호

sangho — Mutual; reciprocal; involving two parties equally.

참조에

chamjo-e — In references; regarding cross-references or citations.

의해

uihae — By means of; through the agency of something.

어느

eoneu — Some; a certain; which one (indefinite determiner).

정도

jeongdo — Degree; extent; level of something.

뒷받침된다

dwitbatchim-doenda — Is supported; is backed up by evidence or reasoning.

두

du — Two; the number two used before a noun.

번째

beonjjae — Ordinal suffix meaning '-th'; indicating sequence or order.

제목인

jemogин — Which is the title; being named or entitled something.

정의에

jeongui-e — Regarding justice or definition; on the topic of justice.

관하여

gwanhayeo — Concerning; about; in relation to a topic.

고대의

godae-ui — Of ancient times; relating to antiquity.

일반적인

ilbanjeok-in — General; common; typical; widely applicable.

문헌에서

munheon-eseo — In literature or documents; from written sources.

인용할

inyonghal — To quote or cite; to reference someone's words.

때

ttae — Time; moment; when something occurs.

사용된

sayongdoen — Used; employed; that was put into use.

제목이

jemogi — The title (subject marker); the name of a work.

아니며

animyeo — Is not, and; negating while continuing the sentence.

따라서

ttaraseo — Therefore; consequently; as a result of this.

대화편의

daehwapyeon-ui — Of the dialogues; belonging to Plato's dialogue works.

부제들과

buje-deulgwa — Subtitles and; secondary titles alongside main titles.

마찬가지로

machangangjiro — Similarly; likewise; in the same way.

후대에

hudae-e — In later generations; in a subsequent era.

붙여진

buchyeojin — Attached; added on; appended by someone later.

것으로

geoseuro — As something; in the capacity of a thing.

추정할

chujeonghal — To presume or estimate; to infer something indirectly.

수

su — Ability; possibility; can (used in ~ㄹ 수 있다).

있다

itda — To exist; to have; to be present.

비롯한

birothan — Including; starting with; among others beginning from.

여러

yeoreo — Several; various; many different kinds.

학자들은

hakja-deul-eun — Scholars; academics (topic marker attached).

표방된

pyobangdoen — Proclaimed; stated; officially put forward as a purpose.

목적인

mokjeog-in — Which is the purpose or goal of something.

정의의

jeongui-ui — Of justice; belonging to the concept of justice.

정의

jeongui — Justice; righteousness; also means 'definition' contextually.

와

wa — And; with; connecting two nouns together.

국가의

gukga-ui — Of the state; belonging to the nation or republic.

건설

geonseol — Construction; building; establishment of something new.

것이

geosi — The thing that; a nominalizer with subject marker.

주된

judoen — Main; primary; principal; most important.

논증인지에

nonjeung-inji-e — Regarding whether it is the main argument.

대해

daehae — About; regarding; concerning a topic.

물음을

mureumеul — A question; inquiry (object marker attached).

제기하였다

jegihayeotda — Raised; brought up; posed a question or issue.

답은

dab-eun — The answer (topic marker); a response to a question.

둘이

dul-i — The two; both (subject marker attached).

하나로

hana-ro — Into one; merging as a single unified thing.

융합되어

yunghap-doeo — Being merged or fused together into one.

동일한

dongil-han — The same; identical; one and the same.

진리의

jilli-ui — Of truth; pertaining to truth or reality.

측면을

cheungmyeon-eul — An aspect or facet (object marker attached).

이룬다는

irundan-eun — That it forms or constitutes something.

것이다

geosida — It is the thing that; a concluding nominalizer phrase.

왜냐하면

waenyahamyeon — Because; the reason being; introduces an explanation.

정의는

jeongui-neun — Justice (topic marker); justice as the subject of discussion.

질서이며

jilseo-imyeo — Is order, and; order as a quality connecting to next clause.

국가는

gukga-neun — The state (topic marker); the nation as a topic.

인간

ingan — Human being; mankind; humanity.

사회의

sahoe-ui — Of society; belonging to human social structure.

조건

jogeon — Condition; requirement; circumstance necessary for something.

아래에서

arae-eseo — Under; beneath; within the conditions of something.

정의가

jeongui-ga — Justice (subject marker); justice as the grammatical subject.

가시적으로

gasijeogeuro — Visibly; in a way that can be seen or perceived.

구현된

guhyeondoen — Embodied; realized; made concrete or visible.

것이기

geosigi — Being the thing that; a nominalizer indicating identity.

때문이다

ttaemunida — It is because; stating a reason or cause.

하나는

hana-neun — One (topic marker); referring to the first of two things.

영혼이고

yeonghon-igo — Is the soul, and; the soul connecting to the next clause.

신체이며

sinche-imyeo — Is the body, and; the body connecting to the next clause.

개인에

gaein-e — To or for the individual; pertaining to a single person.

대한

daehan — Regarding; about; concerning a subject.

것과

geotgwa — The thing and; connecting nominalized clauses.

국가에

gukga-e — To or in the state; relating to the nation.

이상은

isang-eun — The ideal (topic marker); an idealized conception of something.

아름다운

areumdaun — Beautiful; aesthetically pleasing; lovely.

신체

sinche — The body; the physical form of a living being.

안에

ane — Inside; within; in the interior of something.

깃든

gitdeun — Dwelling within; residing or lodged inside something.

정신이다

jeongshin-ida — Is the spirit or mind; the soul residing within.

용어로

yongeo-ro — In terms of; using the terminology of someone.

말하자면

malhajamyeon — So to speak; in other words; if we put it this way.

이념인

inyeom-in — Which is the idea or ideal; the philosophical ideal concept.

것의

geosui — Of the thing; genitive marker on a nominalized clause.

현실태이다

hyeonsiltae-ida — Is the actuality or reality; the realized state of an idea.