The Scarlet Letter — Page 4

Vocabulary

ครั้งแรก

khráng râek — The first time; for the first time

นั้น

nán — That; those; referring to something mentioned

ผ่าน

phàan — To pass through; to go past something

มา

maa — To come; indicates movement toward speaker

สาม

sǎam — The number three

หรือ

rʉ̌ʉ — Or; used to connect alternatives

สี่

sìi — The number four

ปี

pii — Year; a unit of time (12 months)

แล้ว

láew — Already; then; indicates completed action

เมื่อ

mʉ̂a — When; at the time that something occurred

ข้าพเจ้า

khâa phá jâo — Formal first-person pronoun meaning 'I'

ได้

dâai — Can; to be able to; indicates past action

มอบ

mɔ̂ɔp — To give; to hand over; to present something

สิ่ง

sìng — Thing; object; an abstract or concrete item

ที่

thîi — At; place; relative pronoun marker

ไม่

mâi — No; not; negation particle in Thai

อาจ

àat — Might; may; expressing possibility or probability

ให้

hâi — To give; to allow; causative verb marker

อภัย

à phay — Forgiveness; pardon; to forgive someone's wrongdoing

แก่

kɛ̀ɛ — To; for; indicates recipient of an action

ผู้

phûu — Person; one who; nominalizer for people

อ่าน

àan — To read; to look at and comprehend text

โดย

dooy — By; by means of; through an agent

ปราศจาก

prààt jàak — Without; free from; lacking something entirely

เหตุผล

hèet phǒn — Reason; rationale; logical justification for something

ใดๆ

dai dai — Any; any whatsoever; used for indefinite reference

บน

bon — On; on top of; above a surface

โลก

lôok — World; earth; the globe we inhabit

นี้

níi — This; these; indicating something nearby

ทั้ง

tháng — Both; all; entire; inclusive of everything

ใจดี

jai dii — Kind-hearted; good-natured; generous in spirit

เขียน

khǐan — To write; to compose text or characters

บังอาจ

bang àat — To dare; to presume; to act boldly impertinently

จะ

jà — Will; future tense marker in Thai

พึง

phʉng — Should; ought to; indicates appropriateness or duty

นึก

nʉ́k — To think; to recall; to imagine something mentally

นั่น

nân — That (over there); referring to a specific thing

คือ

khʉʉ — Is; means; equating subject with predicate

การ

kaan — Nominalizer prefix for actions or processes

บรรยาย

ban yaay — To describe; to narrate; to give an account

วิถี

wí thǐi — Way; path; manner of living or doing

ชีวิต

chii wít — Life; one's existence and daily living

ของ

khɔ̌ɔng — Of; belonging to; possession marker in Thai

ใน

nai — In; inside; within a place or context

ความ

khwaam — Nominalizer for abstract nouns and qualities

สงบ

sà ngòp — Calm; peaceful; tranquil; free from disturbance

เงียบ

ngîap — Quiet; silent; making little or no sound

อัน

an — Classifier for various objects; a thing

ลึกซึ้ง

lʉ́k sʉ́ng — Deep; profound; having great depth or meaning

คฤหาสน์

khá rʉ hàat — Mansion; large stately house or residence

เก่า

kào — Old; aged; not new; worn with time

แห่ง

hɛ̀ng — Of; at; classifier for places and locations

หนึ่ง

nʉ̀ng — One; the number one; a single unit

และ

lɛ́ — And; connecting words, phrases, or clauses

บัดนี้

bàt níi — Now; at this present moment; currently

เนื่องจาก

nʉ̂ang jàak — Because of; due to; as a result of

เกิน

gəən — To exceed; more than; beyond a limit

กว่า

kwàa — More than; comparative particle in Thai

สมควร

sǒm khuan — Appropriate; deserving; fitting for the situation

ได้รับ

dâai ráp — To receive; to obtain; to get something

โชคดี

chôok dii — Lucky; fortunate; having good luck

พอ

phɔɔ — Enough; sufficient; just as; when

พบ

phóp — To meet; to find; to encounter someone

รับฟัง

ráp fang — To listen to; to hear out attentively

สัก

sàk — About; around; at least one; just a little

สอง

sɔ̌ɔng — Two; the number two

คน

khon — Person; people; human being classifier

ครั้ง

khráng — Time; occurrence; instance of an event

ก่อน

kɔ̀ɔn — Before; prior to; earlier in time

จึง

jʉng — Therefore; so; consequently; then as a result

ดึง

dʉng — To pull; to drag; to attract toward oneself

สนใจ

sǒn jai — To be interested in; to pay attention to

สาธารณชน

sǎa thaa rá na chon — The general public; the populace at large

อีก

ìik — More; again; another; additionally

เล่า

lâo — To tell; to narrate; to recount a story

ถึง

thʉ̌ng — To reach; until; about; concerning something

ประสบการณ์

prà sòp kaan — Experience; knowledge gained through personal involvement

ตัวอย่าง

tua yàang — Example; sample; a representative instance

เสมียน

sà mian — Clerk; office worker; administrative staff member

ตำบล

tam bon — Sub-district; local administrative division in Thailand

โด่งดัง

dòng dang — Famous; well-known; celebrated widely by people

เคย

khəəy — Used to; once did; have experience doing something

ถูก

thùuk — To be acted upon; correct; cheap; passive marker

ปฏิบัติ

pà tì bàt — To practice; to follow; to carry out duties

ตาม

taam — According to; following; in accordance with

อย่าง

yàang — In a manner; way; type; kind of something

ซื่อสัตย์

sʉ̂ sàt — Honest; sincere; faithful; having integrity

เช่น

chên — Such as; for example; like; for instance

จริง

jing — True; real; genuine; actually the case

ดู

duu — To look; to watch; to seem; to appear

เหมือน

mʉ̌an — Like; similar to; resembling something else

ว่า

wâa — That; to say; introduces reported speech clause

ปล่อย

plɔ̀y — To release; to let go; to set free

ใบไม้

bai máai — Leaf; foliage of a tree or plant

ถ้อยคำ

thɔ̂y kham — Words; speech; verbal expression or language

ตน

ton — Oneself; self; reflexive pronoun in Thai

ออก

ɔ̀ɔk — Out; to exit; to come out of something

ไป

pai — To go; indicates movement away from speaker

สาย

sǎay — Late; stream; line; strand of something

ลม

lom — Wind; breeze; air movement in the atmosphere

เขา

khǎo — He; she; they; third-person pronoun

มิ

mí — Not; formal/literary negation particle in Thai

พูด

phûut — To speak; to talk; to say something aloud

กับ

kàp — With; and; together with someone or something

จำนวน

jam nuan — Number; amount; quantity of something counted

มาก

mâak — Much; many; a lot; in great quantity

โยน

yoon — To throw; to toss; to fling something away

หนังสือ

nǎng sʉ̌ʉ — Book; written document; letter; publication

ทิ้ง

thíng — To throw away; to abandon; to discard something

หยิบ

yìp — To pick up; to grab with fingers; to take

มัน

man — It; him/her (informal); starchy; oily

ขึ้น

khʉ̂n — Up; to rise; to increase; upward direction

เลย

ləəy — At all; so; then; right away; beyond

หาก

hàak — If; in case; should it happen that

แต่

tɛ̀ɛ — But; however; only; introduces a contrast

น้อย

nɔ́ɔy — Few; little; small in quantity or degree

เข้าใจ

khâo jai — To understand; to comprehend meaning or intent

ดี

dii — Good; well; fine; of high quality

เพื่อน

phʉ̂an — Friend; companion; someone you are close to

ร่วม

rûam — Together; joint; shared among multiple people

โรงเรียน

roong rian — School; educational institution for students

ส่วน

sùan — Part; portion; section; as for; regarding

ใหญ่

yài — Big; large; great in size or importance

นักเขียน

nák khǐan — Writer; author; one who writes professionally

บางคน

baang khon — Some people; certain individuals; not everyone

ทำ

tham — To do; to make; to perform an action

เสีย

sǐa — To ruin; to waste; to spoil; broken

ตัวเอง

tua eeng — Oneself; yourself; himself; reflexive pronoun

หมกมุ่น

mòk mûn — Absorbed; preoccupied; engrossed in something deeply

อยู่

yùu — To stay; to live; to be (somewhere)

เปิดเผย

pəət phəəy — To reveal; to disclose; to make something known

ระดับ

rá dàp — Level; degree; standard; rank or tier

ลับ

láp — Secret; hidden; confidential; not known publicly

ควร

khuan — Should; ought to; it is appropriate to

ส่ง

sòng — To send; to deliver; to transmit something

เพียง

phiang — Only; merely; just; nothing more than

หัวใจ

hǔa jai — Heart; the organ; core of emotions or feelings

จิตใจ

jìt jai — Mind; spirit; inner feelings and consciousness

หนึ่งเดียว

nʉ̀ng diao — One and only; sole; singular; unique entity

มี

mii — To have; there is; to exist or possess

เห็นอกเห็นใจ

hěn òk hěn jai — To sympathize; to empathize; to feel compassion for

สมบูรณ์แบบ

sǒm buun bɛ̀ɛp — Perfect; flawless; ideal in every way

เท่านั้น

thâo nán — Only; that's all; nothing more than that

ราวกับ

raao kàp — As if; as though; seemingly like something else

พิมพ์

phim — To print; to type; to publish in print

ออกมา

ɔ̀ɔk maa — To come out; to emerge; to be released outward

สู่

sùu — To; toward; in the direction of something

กว้าง

kwâang — Wide; broad; spacious; extensive in scope

สามารถ

sǎa mâat — Can; to be capable of; to be able

ค้นพบ

khón phóp — To discover; to find out; to uncover something

แยก

yɛ̂ɛk — To separate; to split; to distinguish apart

ธรรมชาติ

tham má châat — Nature; the natural world; natural characteristics

แน่นอน

nɛ̂ɛ nɔɔn — Certainly; definitely; of course; without doubt

ทำให้

tham hâi — To cause; to make; to result in something

วงจร

wong jɔɔn — Cycle; circuit; recurring sequence of events

ดำรง

dam rong — To maintain; to sustain; to keep in existence

สมบูรณ์

sǒm buun — Complete; whole; perfect; fully intact or sufficient

นำ

nam — To lead; to bring; to carry; to guide

เข้า

khâo — To enter; to go in; inward direction

สื่อสาร

sʉ̀ɯ sǎan — To communicate; to convey information between people

อย่างไร

yàang rai — How; in what way; what manner or method

ก็ตาม

kɔ̂ɔ taam — Nevertheless; however; no matter what; anyway

ทุก

thúk — Every; all; each without exception

แทบ

thɛ̂ɛp — Almost; nearly; barely; scarcely possible

เหมาะสม

mɔ̀ sǒm — Appropriate; suitable; fitting for the occasion

แม้แต่

mɛ́ɛ tɛ̀ɛ — Even; even so much as; not even one

กรณี

kɔɔ rá nii — Case; situation; circumstance; specific instance

เรา

rao — We; us; I (informal); first-person pronoun

อ้างถึง

âang thʉ̌ng — To refer to; to cite; to make reference to