The Scarlet Letter — Page 15

Vocabulary

ปลูกฝัง

plùuk fang — To instill or cultivate values in someone

ลึก

lûek — Deep; extending far inward or downward

ลงไป

long pai — Going down; further downward or inward

ใน

nai — In; inside; within a place or time

ช่วง

chûang — Period; span of time or space

วัยเยาว์

wai yao — Youth; early stage of one's life

วัยเด็ก

wai dèk — Childhood; the period of being a child

ที่สุด

thîi sùt — Most; superlative marker indicating extreme degree

เมือง

mueang — City; town; urban settlement or locality

โดย

dooi — By; through; indicating agent or means

ชาย

chaai — Man; male person; also means shore

จริงจัง

jing jang — Serious; earnest; sincere in manner or attitude

พลังงาน

phalang ngaan — Energy; power; force driving activity

เหล่านี้

lào níi — These; referring to a group of things nearby

เผ่าพันธุ์

phào phan — Race; lineage; ethnic or family descent

ดำรง

damrong — To maintain; to sustain; to uphold a position

ตลอดมา

talòot maa — All along; throughout the entire time until now

เสมอ

sàmǒe — Always; consistently; every time without exception

น่านับถือ

nâa náp thǔue — Respectable; worthy of admiration and honor

ไม่เคย

mâi khoei — Never; not ever having done something

เลย

looei — At all; ever; indicates emphasis or negation

เท่าที่

thâo thîi — As far as; to the extent that

ข้าพเจ้า

khâa phá jâo — I; formal first-person pronoun in Thai

รู้จัก

rúu jàk — To know; to be acquainted with someone

ถูก

thùuk — To be; passive marker; also means cheap or correct

ทำให้

tham hâi — To cause; to make something happen

เสื่อมเสีย

sûueam sǐia — To deteriorate; to be damaged in reputation

สมาชิก

samaa chík — Member; a person belonging to a group

คู่ควร

khûu khwon — Worthy; deserving; suitable for something

แม้แต่

máe tàe — Even; not even; emphasizing an extreme case

เดียว

diao — Single; alone; only one

ทางกลับกัน

thaang glàp gan — On the contrary; conversely; the opposite direction

แทบ

tháep — Almost; nearly; barely; close to but not quite

หลังจาก

lǎng jàak — After; following a particular event or time

รุ่น

rûn — Generation; batch; era of people or products

แรก

râek — First; earliest; initial in a sequence

กระทำการ

kratham gaan — To perform an act; to carry out an action

ใด

dai — Any; which; used in questions or indefinite reference

น่าจดจำ

nâa jòt jam — Memorable; worth remembering; leaving a lasting impression

เรียกร้อง

rîiak róong — To demand; to call for; to request urgently

ความสนใจ

khwaam sǒn jai — Interest; attention; the feeling of being curious

สาธารณชน

sǎa thaa ran chon — The public; general population; society at large

ค่อยๆ

khôi khôi — Gradually; slowly; little by little over time

จม

jom — To sink; to submerge; to go under water

หาย

hǎai — To disappear; to vanish; to be missing

สิ้น

sîn — To end; to run out; completely finished

สายตา

sǎai taa — Eyesight; line of vision; visual range

ดุจเดียวกับ

dùt diao gàp — Just like; exactly the same as; similar to

บ้านเก่า

bâan gào — Old house; an aged or ancestral home

กระจาย

krajàai — To scatter; to spread out in many directions

ทั่ว

thûua — Throughout; all over; everywhere in an area

ตาม

taam — Along; according to; following a path or rule

ถนน

thanǒn — Road; street; a paved path for vehicles

ปกคลุม

pòk khlum — To cover; to envelop; to spread over a surface

ครึ่ง

khrûeng — Half; one of two equal parts of something

ทาง

thaang — Way; path; direction; means of doing something

จนถึง

jon thǔeng — Until; up to; as far as a certain point

ชายคา

chaai khaa — Eaves; the overhanging edge of a roof

สะสม

sà sǒm — To accumulate; to collect things over time

ดิน

din — Soil; earth; ground; the material of land

สู่

sùu — To; toward; in the direction of something

เป็นเวลา

pen wee laa — For a duration of; lasting a period of time

กว่า

gwàa — More than; over; exceeding a quantity or degree

ร้อย

ráawy — Hundred; the number one hundred

ออก

àwk — Out; to exit; to leave a place

ทะเล

thalee — Sea; ocean; large body of saltwater

นายเรือ

naai ruea — Captain; ship's master; commander of a vessel

หัวหงอก

hǔua ngàwk — Grey-haired; having white hair from old age

แต่ละ

tàe lá — Each; every individual one in a group

เกษียณ

gasǐian — To retire; to stop working after long career

ดาดฟ้า

dàat fáa — Deck; the flat open area of a ship

ท้ายเรือ

tháai ruea — Stern; the rear part of a boat or ship

บ้านเกิด

bâan gòet — Hometown; birthplace; the town one was born in

ขณะที่

khanà thîi — While; at the moment when something happens

อายุ

aayú — Age; the number of years one has lived

รับ

ráp — To receive; to accept; to take something given

ตำแหน่ง

tamnaeng — Position; post; rank or role in an organization

สืบทอด

sùuep thâawt — To inherit; to pass down to next generation

เสากระโดง

sǎo kraadong — Mast; tall pole on a ship holding sails

เผชิญ

phàchooen — To face; to confront; to encounter something directly

ละออง

la-aawng — Spray; fine droplets; tiny particles in the air

เกลือ

gluea — Salt; sodium chloride used for seasoning food

พายุ

phaayú — Storm; strong wind with rain or thunder

ซึ่ง

sûeng — Which; that; a relative pronoun connecting clauses

เคย

khoei — Used to; to have experienced something before

กระหน่ำ

kranam — To beat down; to strike repeatedly and fiercely

ใส่

sài — To put in; to wear; to insert into something

ปู่

pùu — Paternal grandfather; father's father

เช่นกัน

chên gan — As well; also; in the same manner likewise

เมื่อ

mûuea — When; at the time that something happened

ถึง

thǔeng — To reach; to arrive at; until a point

อันควร

an khwon — Appropriate; due; proper at the right time

ก้าว

gâao — Step; stride; to step forward or progress

ลูกเรือ

lûuk ruea — Crew; sailors working aboard a ship

นายท้าย

naai tháai — Helmsman; sailor who steers the ship's course

ใช้ชีวิต

cháai chiiwít — To live one's life; to spend time living

วัยหนุ่ม

wai nùm — Youth; young adult years; prime of manhood

เต็มไป

tem pai — Full of; filled with; overflowing with something

กลับ

glàp — To return; to go back; reversal of direction

ท่องเที่ยว

thâawng thîiao — To travel; to tour; to journey for pleasure

รอบโลก

râawp lôok — Around the world; globally; circumnavigating the earth

เพื่อ

phûuea — In order to; for the purpose of doing something

แก่ชรา

gàe charaa — To grow old; to age; to become elderly

ตาย

taai — To die; to cease living; death

รวม

ruuam — To combine; to include; total; together as one

ฝุ่นดิน

fùn din — Dust and soil; earth particles; earthly remains

ตน

ton — Oneself; self; reflexive pronoun in Thai

เข้า

khâo — To enter; into; movement inward toward something

แผ่นดิน

phàen din — Land; earth; the ground or territory of a nation

เกิด

gòet — To be born; to occur; to come into existence

ความผูกพัน

khwaam phùuk phan — Bond; attachment; strong emotional connection between people

อันยาวนาน

an yaao naan — Long-lasting; enduring; extended over a great time

ครอบครัว

khrâawp khruua — Family; a group of related people living together

สถานที่

sathǎan thîi — Place; location; a specific site or spot

แห่งหนึ่ง

hàeng nùeng — One place; a certain location; somewhere specific

ฐานะ

thǎanà — Status; position; social or financial standing

ทั้ง

tháng — Both; all; entire; including everything together

ที่เกิด

thîi gòet — Birthplace; the place where one was born

ฝังกาย

fang gaai — To be buried; to lay one's body to rest

ก่อให้เกิด

gàaw hâi gòet — To give rise to; to cause something to happen

ความรู้สึก

khwaam rúu sùek — Feeling; emotion; a sense or sensation experienced

ใกล้ชิด

glâi chít — Close; intimate; having a tight bond with someone

ระหว่าง

rawàang — Between; among; during a period of time

มนุษย์

manút — Human; human being; a person of mankind

ท้องถิ่น

tháawng thìn — Local; relating to a specific region or area

ขึ้นอยู่

khûen yùu — To depend on; to be contingent upon something

เสน่ห์

sanàe — Charm; appeal; an attractive quality drawing others

ทิวทัศน์

thiw thát — Scenery; landscape; a view of natural surroundings

สภาพแวดล้อม

saphâap wâet lâawm — Environment; surroundings; conditions around a place

ทางศีลธรรม

thaang sǐin tham — Moral; relating to ethics and good conduct

รายล้อม

raai láawm — To surround; to encircle; to be all around something

แต่อย่างใด

tàe yàang dai — In any way; at all; used in negative constructions

ไม่ใช่

mâi châi — Is not; it is not; negating identity or nature

ความรัก

khwaam rák — Love; affection; strong caring feeling for someone

สัญชาตญาณ

sanchâat yaan — Instinct; innate impulse; natural inborn behavior