The Scarlet Letter — Page 47

Vocabulary

แน่นอน

nâe-non — certainly, definitely, without a doubt

ว่า

wâa — that; used to introduce a clause or quote

มี

mii — to have; to exist, there is/are

ความหมาย

khwaam-mǎai — meaning, significance, definition of something

ลึกซึ้ง

lûek-súeng — deep, profound, touching on a deep level

บาง

baang — some; thin, referring to partial quantity

อย่าง

yàang — type, kind, manner, way of doing

อยู่

yùu — to be located; to stay, to reside

ใน

nai — in, inside, within a place or context

นั้น

nán — that, those; referring to something previously mentioned

ซึ่ง

sûeng — which, that; relative pronoun connecting clauses

คู่ควร

khûu-khwon — worthy, deserving, befitting a person or thing

แก่

gàe — to, for; also means old or aged

การ

gaan — nominalizer prefix indicating an action or process

ตีความ

tii-khwaam — to interpret, to give meaning to something

เป็น

pen — to be; indicating state, role, or identity

ยิ่ง

yîng — even more, increasingly, to a greater degree

และ

láe — and; conjunction connecting words or clauses

ดู

duu — to look, to watch, to observe something

เหมือน

mǔean — like, similar to, resembling something else

ได้

dâai — can, able to; also marks past tense

ไหล

lǎi — to flow, to stream, to run like liquid

ออก

òok — out, to exit, to emerge from somewhere

มา

maa — to come; directional particle toward speaker

จาก

jàak — from, originating from a source or place

สัญลักษณ์

sǎn-yá-lák — symbol, sign representing an idea or concept

อัน

an — classifier for small objects; a certain thing

ลึกลับ

lûek-láp — mysterious, secretive, enigmatic and hard to understand

สื่อสาร

sùea-sǎan — to communicate, to convey information or feelings

กับ

gàp — with, together with; connecting two things

ความรู้สึก

khwaam-rúu-sùek — feeling, emotion, sensation experienced internally

ของ

khǒng — of, belonging to; possessive particle

ข้าพเจ้า

khâa-phá-jâo — I, me; formal or literary first-person pronoun

ละเอียดอ่อน

lá-ìat-òn — delicate, subtle, sensitive in nature or detail

แต่

tàe — but, however; conjunction showing contrast

กลับ

glàp — to return; unexpectedly, on the contrary

หลีกเลี่ยง

lìik-lîang — to avoid, to evade, to stay away from

วิเคราะห์

wí-khráw — to analyze, to examine something in detail

จิตใจ

jìt-jai — mind, heart, inner mental and emotional state

ขณะ

khà-nà — moment, while, at the time that something occurs

ที่

thîi — at, which, that; place or relative pronoun

งุนงง

ngun-ngong — confused, puzzled, bewildered by something unclear

เช่น

chên — such as, for example, like in a list

กำลัง

gam-lang — currently doing; strength, power, energy

ครุ่นคิด

khrûn-khít — to ponder, to think deeply and contemplatively

ถึง

thǔeng — to reach, about, regarding, until a point

สมมติฐาน

sǒm-mót-tì-thǎan — hypothesis, assumption made as a basis for reasoning

ต่างๆ

tàang-tàang — various, different kinds, assorted types of things

รวมถึง

ruam-thǔeng — including, encompassing, also covering something mentioned

ตัวอักษร

tua-àk-sǒn — letter, character of an alphabet or script

อาจ

àat — might, may, possibly could happen or be true

หนึ่ง

nùeng — one; the number one, a single unit

เครื่องประดับ

khrûeang-prà-dàp — jewelry, ornament, decorative accessory worn on body

คน

khon — person, people; classifier for human beings

ผิวขาว

phǐw-khǎao — white-skinned, fair complexion, light skin tone

มัก

mák — often, tend to, usually does something habitually

สร้าง

sâang — to create, to build, to construct something

ขึ้น

khûen — up, to rise; directional particle upward

เพื่อ

phûea — in order to, for the purpose of doing

ดึงดูด

dueng-dùut — to attract, to draw in, to captivate attention

สายตา

sǎai-taa — eyesight, gaze, line of vision or sight

ชาว

chaao — people of a group, native of a place

ก็

gôo — also, then, so; discourse particle for continuity

บังเอิญ

bang-ooen — accidentally, by chance, happening unexpectedly or coincidentally

วาง

waang — to place, to put down, to set something

มัน

man — it; informal third-person pronoun for things

ไว้

wái — to keep, to leave in place for later

บน

bon — on, on top of, above a surface

หน้าอก

nâa-òk — chest, the front part of the torso

ตนเอง

ton-eeng — oneself, themselves; reflexive pronoun for self-reference

ผู้อ่าน

phûu-àan — reader, a person who reads written text

ยิ้ม

yím — to smile, to grin, showing happiness or amusement

ต้อง

tông — must, have to, required to do something

ไม่

mâi — no, not; negation particle for verbs

สงสัย

sǒng-sǎi — to suspect, to doubt, to wonder about something

คำพูด

kham-phûut — words, speech, something spoken verbally

ได้รับ

dâai-ráp — to receive, to obtain, to get something given

ไม่ใช่

mâi-châi — is not, not the case, expressing negation of identity

ทาง

thaang — way, path, direction, means of doing something

กาย

gaai — body, the physical form of a person

ทั้งหมด

tháng-mòt — all, everything, the entire amount or whole

เกือบ

gùeap — almost, nearly, not quite reaching a point

จะ

jà — will, going to; future tense marker

นั่น

nân — that over there; demonstrative pronoun pointing away

คือ

khuue — is, means, that is to say, namely

ความร้อน

khwaam-rón — heat, warmth, thermal energy or temperature

แผดเผา

phàet-phǎo — to scorch, to burn intensely, blazing heat

ราวกับ

raao-gàp — as if, just like, as though something were true

ไม่ได้

mâi-dâai — did not, cannot; negation of past or ability

ทำ

tham — to do, to make, to perform an action

ผ้า

phâa — cloth, fabric, textile material for clothing

สีแดง

sǐi-daeng — red color, the color red

เหล็ก

lèk — iron, steel; a hard metal material

ร้อน

rón — hot, warm, having high temperature

แดง

daeng — red; the color red

สั่นสะท้าน

sàn-sà-thâan — to tremble, to shake violently, to shudder intensely

ปล่อย

plòi — to release, to let go, to set free

ให้

hâi — to give; causative particle, for, in order to

หล่น

lòn — to drop, to fall down from a height

ลง

long — down, to descend, directional particle downward

พื้น

phúen — floor, ground, surface of a room

โดย

dooi — by, via, by means of, through an agent

ตั้งใจ

tâng-jai — intentionally, on purpose, with determination or focus

พิจารณา

phí-jaa-rá-naa — to consider, to examine carefully, to deliberate over

ละเลย

lá-loei — to neglect, to ignore, to overlook something important

ตรวจสอบ

trùat-sòop — to inspect, to verify, to check for accuracy

กระดาษ

grà-dàat — paper, sheet used for writing or printing

ม้วน

múan — roll, to roll up; a rolled piece of paper

เล็กๆ

lék-lék — small, tiny, diminutive in size or scale

สีคล้ำ

sǐi-khlâm — dark-colored, dim or dull in color shade

ถูก

thùuk — to be correct; cheap; passive marker in sentences

พัน

phan — to wrap, to bind; also means one thousand

บัดนี้

bàt-níi — now, at this moment, at the present time

เปิด

pòet — to open, to turn on, to unfold something

รู้สึก

rúu-sùek — to feel, to sense an emotion or sensation

พอใจ

phoo-jai — satisfied, content, pleased with a result

พบ

phóp — to find, to meet, to encounter someone or something

คำอธิบาย

kham-à-thí-baai — explanation, description clarifying something in detail

ค่อนข้าง

khôn-khâang — rather, quite, fairly, somewhat to a degree

สมบูรณ์

sǒm-buun — complete, perfect, full, lacking nothing essential

เกี่ยวกับ

gìao-gàp — about, regarding, concerning a topic or subject

เรื่อง

rûeang — story, matter, topic, subject of discussion

บันทึก

ban-thúek — to record, to note down; a written record

ปากกา

pàak-gaa — pen, a writing instrument using ink

นาย

naai — Mr., master; title for adult males

สำรวจ

sǎm-rùat — to survey, to explore, to investigate an area

ผู้เฒ่า

phûu-thâo — elder, an old respected person in community

หลาย

lǎai — many, several, numerous in quantity

แผ่น

phàen — sheet, flat piece; classifier for flat objects

บรรจุ

ban-ju — to contain, to pack, to fill with contents

รายละเอียด

raai-lá-ìat — details, specifics, detailed information about something

มากมาย

mâak-maai — plenty, a great deal, very many in number

ชีวิต

chii-wít — life, living existence of a person or being

การสนทนา

gaan-sǒn-thá-naa — conversation, dialogue, exchange of spoken words

หญิง

yǐng — woman, female person, the female gender

ผู้หนึ่ง

phûu-nùeng — a certain person, one individual person

ชื่อ

chûue — name, to be named, the title of someone

บุคคล

bùk-khon — person, individual, a human being formally referred

น่าจดจำ

nâa-jòt-jam — memorable, worth remembering, leaving a lasting impression

บรรพบุรุษ

ban-phá-bù-rùt — ancestors, forefathers, predecessors of a family lineage

เรา

rao — we, us; first-person plural pronoun

เธอ

thoe — she, her; second or third person feminine pronoun

รุ่งเรือง

rûng-rueang — prosperous, flourishing, thriving with success

ช่วงเวลา

chûang-wee-laa — period of time, a span or interval of time

ระหว่าง

rá-wàang — between, during, in the middle of something

ยุค

yúk — era, epoch, age, a historical period of time

แรกเริ่ม

râek-rôem — initial, at the very beginning, early starting stage

ปลาย

plaai — end, tip, late period of a span of time

ศตวรรษ

sàt-tá-wát — century, a period of one hundred years

สิบเจ็ด

sìp-jèt — seventeen, the number 17

ผู้สูงอายุ

phûu-sǔung-aa-yú — elderly person, senior citizen, older aged individual

มีชีวิต

mii-chii-wít — to be alive, living, having life and vitality

สมัย

sà-mǎi — era, period, time period in history

คุณ

khun — you; polite title equivalent to Mr./Mrs./Ms.