The Scarlet Letter — Page 76

Vocabulary

บน

bon — On top of; above a surface

อก

ok — Chest; the front of the torso

ของ

khong — Of; belonging to someone or something

ชุด

chut — Outfit; a set of clothing worn together

เสื้อ

suea — Shirt; a garment worn on the upper body

กาวน์

kawn — Gown; a long formal dress or robe

เธอ

thoe — She; her; informal second-person pronoun

ปรากฏ

pra-kot — To appear; to become visible or evident

อักษร

ak-son — Letter; a written alphabetic character

ที่

thi — At; which; a relative or locative particle

ทำ

tham — To do; to make; to perform an action

จาก

jak — From; originating from a place or source

ผ้า

pha — Fabric; cloth used for making clothing

สี

si — Color; the visual property of hue

แดง

daeng — Red; the color of blood or fire

งดงาม

ngot-ngam — Beautiful; elegant; strikingly lovely in appearance

ล้อมรอบ

lom-rop — To surround; to encircle something on all sides

ด้วย

duay — With; also; by means of something

การ

kan — Nominalizing prefix indicating an action or process

ปัก

pak — To embroider; to stitch decorative patterns on fabric

ประณีต

pra-nit — Delicate; intricate; finely crafted with great care

และ

lae — And; connecting words, phrases, or clauses

ลวดลาย

luat-lai — Pattern; decorative design or motif on fabric

วิจิตร

wi-jit — Elaborate; exquisitely beautiful and ornate in design

เส้น

sen — Line; thread; a thin strand or stroke

ด้าย

dai — Thread; fine yarn used for sewing or embroidery

ทอง

thong — Gold; the precious yellow metal or its color

มัน

man — It; glossy; third-person pronoun or shiny adjective

ถูก

thuk — Passive marker; cheap; to be acted upon

ขึ้น

khuen — Up; to rise; directional particle indicating increase

อย่าง

yang — In a manner; like; a way of doing something

มี

mi — To have; to possess; there is or are

ศิลปะ

sin-la-pa — Art; creative skill and aesthetic expression

ยิ่ง

ying — Even more; increasingly; intensifying comparative particle

นัก

nak — Very; highly; intensifier used after adjectives

ความ

khwam — Nominalizing prefix indicating a state or quality

อุดม

u-dom — Abundant; rich; full of something desirable

สมบูรณ์

som-bun — Complete; perfect; fully sufficient in all aspects

งาม

ngam — Beautiful; pretty; pleasing to the eyes

อัน

an — A classifier; one; a nominal reference particle

หรูหรา

ru-ra — Luxurious; lavish; extravagantly grand and elegant

จินตนาการ

jin-ta-na-kan — Imagination; creative mental visualization or fantasy

จน

jon — Until; to the point of; so much that

ผล

phon — Result; outcome; the effect of an action

เหมือน

muean — Like; similar to; resembling something else

เป็น

pen — To be; to become; linking verb of identity

เครื่องประดับ

khrueang-pra-dap — Jewelry; accessories worn to decorate the body

สุดท้าย

sut-thai — Final; last; occurring at the very end

เหมาะสม

mo-som — Appropriate; suitable; fitting for a given context

แก่

kae — To; for; old; indicating recipient or advanced age

เสื้อผ้า

suea-pha — Clothing; garments worn to cover the body

สวมใส่

suam-sai — To wear; to put on clothing or accessories

ซึ่ง

sueng — Which; that; a relative pronoun linking clauses

โอ่อ่า

o-a — Grand; magnificent; impressively spacious and splendid

สอดคล้อง

sot-khlong — To harmonize; to be consistent or in accord

กับ

kap — With; together with; paired alongside something

รสนิยม

rot-ni-yom — Taste; personal aesthetic preference or cultural style

ยุค

yuk — Era; age; a distinct historical period of time

สมัย

sa-mai — Period; era; a specific time or age

แต่

tae — But; however; introducing a contrasting statement

เกิน

koen — Exceeding; beyond; more than an allowed limit

กว่า

kwa — Than; more than; used in comparisons

กฎระเบียบ

kot-ra-biap — Regulations; rules governing behavior or conduct

ควบคุม

khuap-khum — To control; to regulate; to manage or oversee

แต่งกาย

taeng-kai — To dress; to wear clothing; manner of dressing

อาณานิคม

a-na-ni-khom — Colony; a territory controlled by a foreign power

จะ

ja — Will; future tense marker indicating intended action

อนุญาต

a-nu-yat — To permit; to allow; to grant official permission

มาก

mak — Much; many; a large degree or quantity

หญิงสาว

ying-sao — Young woman; a girl of marriageable or youthful age

ผู้

phu — Person; one who; a nominalizing person prefix

นั้น

nan — That; those; a demonstrative pronoun indicating distance

ร่างกาย

rang-kai — Body; the physical form of a person

สูง

sung — Tall; high; having great vertical measurement

โปร่ง

prong — Slender; light; having an airy or slim quality

พร้อม

phrom — Ready; together with; prepared and complete

รูปร่าง

rup-rang — Figure; body shape; the physical form or silhouette

สง่างาม

sa-nga-ngam — Dignified; graceful; carrying oneself with elegant poise

สมบูรณ์แบบ

som-bun-baep — Perfect; flawless; meeting the highest standard completely

ใน

nai — In; inside; within a space or context

แบบ

baep — Style; type; a manner or form of something

สะดุดตา

sa-dut-ta — Eye-catching; striking; attracting attention visually

ผม

phom — Hair; also first-person pronoun used by males

เข้ม

khem — Dark; deep; intense in color or flavor

หนาแน่น

na-naen — Dense; thick; closely packed together in mass

วาว

wao — Shiny; glossy; having a bright reflective surface

สะท้อน

sa-thon — To reflect; to mirror light or an image

แสง

saeng — Light; a ray of illumination from a source

แดด

daet — Sunlight; the direct light emitted by the sun

ประกาย

pra-kai — Sparkle; gleam; a brief flash of reflected light

ใบหน้า

bai-na — Face; the front of a person's head

นอกจาก

nok-jak — Besides; apart from; in addition to something else

สม่ำเสมอ

sa-mam-sa-moe — Regular; consistent; uniform and even in quality

ลักษณะ

lak-sa-na — Characteristic; feature; a distinguishing quality or trait

สีผิว

si-phiw — Skin tone; the natural color of one's skin

เปล่งปลั่ง

pleng-plang — Radiant; glowing; having a luminous healthy appearance

แล้ว

laeo — Already; then; indicating completion of an action

ยัง

yang — Still; also; yet; indicating continuation or addition

น่า

na — Worth; deserving; prefix indicating something is appealing

ประทับใจ

pra-thap-jai — Impressive; to make a strong positive emotional impact

มา

ma — To come; directional particle indicating movement toward

หน้าผาก

na-phak — Forehead; the area of the face above the eyebrows

โดดเด่น

dot-den — Outstanding; prominent; standing out from the rest

ดวงตา

duang-ta — Eyes; the pair of organs used for seeing

ดำ

dam — Black; the darkest color, absence of light

ลึก

luek — Deep; profound; extending far below the surface

กิริยามารยาท

ki-ri-ya-ma-ra-yat — Manners; polite behavior and social etiquette

สุภาพสตรี

su-phap-sa-tri — Lady; a refined and well-mannered woman

ตาม

tam — According to; to follow; in accordance with

แบบฉบับ

baep-cha-bap — Standard; model; an established norm or example

สุภาพ

su-phap — Polite; gentle; courteous in manner and speech

เรียบร้อย

riap-roi — Neat; orderly; tidy and well-behaved

สตรี

sa-tri — Woman; a formal term for a female person

เด่น

den — Prominent; notable; standing out conspicuously

สง่า

sa-nga — Dignified; stately; having an impressive commanding presence

ผ่าเผย

pha-phoei — Open; frank; having a confident candid demeanor

ศักดิ์ศรี

sak-si — Dignity; honor; a sense of personal worth

บาง

bang — Some; thin; a few or slight in thickness

มากกว่า

mak-kwa — More than; greater in degree or quantity

ละเอียดอ่อน

la-iat-on — Delicate; sensitive; subtle and fine in nature

ชั่วครั้งคราว

chua-khrang-khrao — Occasionally; from time to time; not regularly

บอก

bok — To tell; to say; to inform someone of something

ไม่

mai — Not; no; negation particle in Thai

ปัจจุบัน

pat-ju-ban — Present; current; happening or existing right now

มอง

mong — To look; to gaze; to direct one's eyes at

ว่า

wa — That; to say; a complementizer or quotative particle

สัญลักษณ์

san-ya-lak — Symbol; a sign representing an idea or concept

เคย

khoei — Used to; ever; indicating past habitual experience

ครั้ง

khrang — Time; occasion; a countable instance of an event

ใด

dai — Any; which; an interrogative or indefinite pronoun

ดู

du — To look; to watch; to observe something visually

แท้จริง

thae-jing — True; genuine; representing actual reality or truth

ความหมาย

khwam-mai — Meaning; the significance conveyed by a word or sign

ดั้งเดิม

dang-doem — Original; traditional; belonging to the earliest form

คำ

kham — Word; a unit of language with meaning

เท่า

thao — Equal; as much as; to the same degree

ตอน

ton — When; moment; a period or section of time

ออก

ok — Out; to exit; moving away from inside

เรือนจำ

ruean-jam — Prison; a place where criminals are confined

บรรดา

ban-da — All; the collective group of certain people or things

รู้จัก

ru-jak — To know; to be acquainted with a person or thing

ก่อน

kon — Before; prior to; earlier in time or order

คาดหวัง

khat-wang — To expect; to anticipate; to hope for an outcome

เห็น

hen — To see; to perceive visually; to notice something

มัวหมอง

mua-mong — Tarnished; sullied; clouded by shame or disgrace

บดบัง

bot-bang — To obscure; to block from view or overshadow

เมฆ

mek — Cloud; a mass of condensed water vapor in sky

แห่ง

haeng — Of; a classifier for places or locations

หายนะ

ha-ya-na — Disaster; catastrophe; a terrible ruinous event

ต่าง

tang — Different; various; each one separately

ประหลาดใจ

pra-lat-jai — Surprised; astonished; feeling unexpected wonder or shock

ถึง

thueng — To reach; until; up to a point or degree

ตกตะลึง

tok-ta-lueng — Stunned; amazed; overwhelmed with shock or disbelief

เมื่อ

muea — When; at the time that an event occurred

สังเกต

sang-ket — To observe; to notice; to pay careful attention to

เปล่ง

pleng — To emit; to radiate light or sound outwardly

ทำให้

tham-hai — To cause; to make something happen or become

โชคร้าย

chok-rai — Unlucky; unfortunate; experiencing bad luck or misfortune

อัปยศ

ap-pa-yot — Disgrace; shame; a state of dishonor or humiliation

ห่อหุ้ม

ho-hum — To wrap; to envelop; to cover something completely

อยู่

yu — To be; to stay; indicating ongoing state or location

กลาย

klai — To become; to transform into something different

รัศมี

rat-sa-mi — Radiance; halo; a glowing aura of light around something