The Scarlet Letter — Page 92

Vocabulary

พวกเขา

phuak khao — Third person plural pronoun meaning 'they' or 'them'.

เป็น

pen — To be; indicates state, identity, or existence.

คน

khon — Person, human being, or people.

ดี

di — Good, fine, or of high quality.

อย่าง

yang — Way, manner, type, or kind of something.

ไม่

mai — Negation word meaning 'not' or 'no'.

ต้อง

tong — Must, have to, or need to do something.

สงสัย

song sai — To doubt, suspect, or be curious about something.

ยุติธรรม

yu-ti-tham — Fair, just, or equitable in treatment.

และ

lae — Conjunction meaning 'and' connecting words or clauses.

ฉลาด

chalat — Clever, smart, or intelligent.

หลัก

lak — Principle, main point, or primary pillar.

แหลม

laem — Sharp, pointed, or astute in thinking.

แต่

tae — Conjunction meaning 'but' or 'however'.

จาก

jak — From, away from, or originating at a place.

มนุษยชาติ

ma-nut-ya-chat — Humankind or the entire human race collectively.

ทั้ง

thang — All, both, or entirety of a group.

มวล

muan — Mass, totality, or the whole collective group.

คง

khong — Probably, likely, or to remain in a state.

ใช่

chai — Yes, correct, or that is right.

เรื่อง

rueang — Story, matter, topic, or issue about something.

ง่าย

ngai — Easy, simple, or not difficult to do.

ที่

thi — At, which, that; relative pronoun or place marker.

จะ

ja — Will, going to; future tense marker in Thai.

คัด

khat — To select, filter, or sort out from a group.

เลือก

lueак — To choose or select from available options.

บุคคล

buk-khon — Individual person or specific human being.

ผู้

phu — Person who does something; agent prefix in Thai.

มี

mi — To have, possess, or there is something.

ปัญญา

pan-ya — Wisdom, intellect, or deep understanding.

คุณธรรม

khun-tham — Virtue, moral quality, or ethical goodness.

ใน

nai — In, inside, or within a place or concept.

จำนวน

jam-nuan — Number, quantity, or amount of something.

เท่า

thao — Equal to, as much as, or the same amount.

กัน

kan — Each other, together, or mutually among parties.

ซึ่ง

sueng — Which, that; relative pronoun linking clauses.

ความสามารถ

khwam-sa-mat — Ability, capability, or skill to perform tasks.

น้อย

noi — Few, little, or small in quantity or degree.

กว่า

kwa — More than, comparative particle in Thai sentences.

การ

kan — Noun-forming prefix indicating an action or process.

ตัดสิน

tat-sin — To judge, decide, or make a ruling on something.

หัวใจ

hua-jai — Heart; physically or emotionally central organ.

ของ

khong — Of, belonging to; possessive particle in Thai.

ผู้หญิง

phu-ying — Woman or female person.

กระทำ

kra-tham — To act, perform, or commit an action.

ผิด

phit — Wrong, mistaken, or morally incorrect.

พลาด

phlat — To miss, err, or make a mistake in action.

คลี่คลาย

khli-khlai — To unravel, resolve, or gradually sort out problems.

พัน

phan — To wrap, entangle, or a thousand in counting.

ระหว่าง

ra-wang — Between, among, or during a period of time.

ความ

khwam — Noun-forming prefix expressing state or abstract concept.

ชั่ว

chua — Evil, wicked, or morally bad in nature.

ใจ

jai — Heart, mind, or emotional center of a person.

นั้น

nan — That, those; demonstrative pronoun referring to something distant.

ยิ่ง

ying — Even more, increasingly, or to a greater degree.

ไป

pai — To go or move away from current location.

บรรดา

ban-da — All the, the various; referring to a collective group.

นัก

nak — Expert, person skilled in a field; intensifier adverb.

ปราชญ์

prat — Sage, wise person, or learned scholar of knowledge.

สีหน้า

si-na — Facial expression or appearance of one's face.

เคร่ง

khreng — Strict, stern, or serious in manner or discipline.

ขรึม

khruem — Solemn, grave, or having a serious demeanor.

หัน

han — To turn toward or face a different direction.

หน้า

na — Face, front side, or next in sequence.

หา

ha — To look for, seek, or find something or someone.

ขณะ

kha-na — Moment, instant, or while a particular time occurs.

นี้

ni — This, these; demonstrative pronoun for nearby things.

เธอ

thoe — She, her, or you (informal, typically feminine address).

ดู

du — To look at, watch, or observe something visually.

เหมือน

muean — Similar to, like, or resembling something else.

ตระหนัก

tra-nak — To realize, be aware, or become conscious of something.

อยู่

yu — To be at, stay, or exist at a location.

จริงๆ

jing-jing — Really, truly, or genuinely emphasizing a statement.

ว่า

wa — That, to say; complementizer or quotative particle.

เห็นใจ

hen-jai — To sympathize, empathize, or feel compassion for someone.

ใดๆ

dai-dai — Any, whichever; indefinite pronoun referring to anything.

อาจ

at — Might, may, or possibly; expressing uncertainty or possibility.

คาด

khat — To expect, predict, or anticipate a future outcome.

หวัง

wang — To hope or wish for a desired outcome.

ได้

dai — Can, able to, or to have achieved something.

กว้าง

kwang — Wide, broad, or expansive in space or scope.

ขวาง

khwang — To block, obstruct, or cross the path of something.

อบอุ่น

op-un — Warm, cozy, or comforting emotionally or physically.

ผู้คน

phu-khon — People, folks, or general populace in a place.

มากมาย

mak-mai — Many, a lot, or a great abundance of something.

เพราะ

phro — Because, since; giving reason or cause for something.

เมื่อ

muea — When, at the time that something occurred.

ยก

yok — To lift, raise, or elevate something upward.

สายตา

sai-ta — Eyesight, gaze, or line of vision from eyes.

ขึ้น

khuen — To go up, rise, or increase in direction.

มอง

mong — To look at, gaze at, or observe something.

ยัง

yang — Still, yet, or also; continuation or additional marker.

ระเบียง

ra-biang — Balcony, veranda, or corridor along a building.

หญิง

ying — Woman, female, or feminine gender in Thai.

ทุกข์

thuk — Suffering, distress, or pain in life.

ระทม

ra-thom — Deeply sorrowful, grief-stricken, or anguished emotionally.

ก็

ko — Also, then, or still; discourse particle in Thai.

ซีด

sit — Pale, pallid, or faded in color especially skin.

เผือด

phueat — Very pale, ashen, or colorless from shock or fear.

ตัว

tua — Body, self, or classifier for animals and clothes.

สั่น

san — To shake, tremble, or quiver from cold or fear.

เสียง

siang — Sound, voice, or noise made by something.

เรียก

riak — To call, summon, or name someone or something.

ร้อง

rong — To cry out, shout, or sing loudly.

สนใจ

son-jai — To be interested in or pay attention to something.

ท่าน

than — You or he/she; respectful formal pronoun in Thai.

บาทหลวง

bat-luang — Catholic priest or Christian minister in Thai usage.

ชื่อเสียง

chue-siang — Reputation, fame, or renown of a person.

โด่ง

dong — Prominent, standing out, or widely known and notable.

ดัง

dang — Famous, loud, or well-known among people.

นาม

nam — Name or noun; formal word for name in Thai.

บวช

buat — To be ordained as a monk or priest.

อาวุโส

a-wu-so — Senior, elder, or having seniority in rank.

ที่สุด

thi-sut — Most, superlative marker meaning the highest degree.

แห่ง

haeng — Of, from; classifier for places or institutions.

ใหญ่

yai — Big, large, or great in size or importance.

เช่น

chen — Such as, for example, or like in comparisons.

เดียว

diao — Single, only one, or alone without others.

กับ

kap — With, together with, or and when joining nouns.

เพื่อน

phuean — Friend or companion in a social relationship.

ร่วม

ruam — Together, joint, or shared among multiple parties.

วิชาชีพ

wi-cha-chip — Profession, career, or a skilled occupational field.

ส่วน

suan — Part, portion, or section of a whole.

ยุค

yuk — Era, age, or historical period of time.

จิตใจ

jit-jai — Mind, spirit, or inner emotional state of someone.

เมตตา

met-ta — Compassion, loving-kindness, or benevolence toward others.

อ่อนโยน

on-yon — Gentle, tender, or soft in manner and behavior.

คุณลักษณะ

khun-lak-sa-na — Characteristic, trait, or attribute of a person.

หลัง

lang — After, behind, or the back side of something.

ได้รับ

dai-rap — To receive, obtain, or be given something.

พัฒนา

phat-tha-na — To develop, improve, or advance in progress.

พร

phon — Blessing, divine gift, or a sacred wish granted.

สวรรค์

sa-wan — Heaven, paradise, or a divine celestial realm.

ทาง

thang — Way, path, direction, or means of doing something.

สติปัญญา

sa-ti-pan-ya — Intellect, mindful wisdom, or cognitive intelligence.

เขา

khao — He, she, him, her; third person singular pronoun.

แท้จริง

thae-jing — True, genuine, or in reality; expressing authenticity.

แล้ว

laeo — Already, then, or past completion marker in Thai.

มัน

man — It; third person pronoun for non-human subjects.

น่า

na — Should, worthy of; precedes adjectives expressing feeling.

ละอาย

la-ai — Ashamed, embarrassed, or feeling shame about something.

สำหรับ

sam-rap — For, intended for, or meant for a purpose.

มาก

mak — Very, much, or a large quantity of something.

สิ่ง

sing — Thing, object, or matter in general reference.

ภาค

phak — Region, section, part, or academic semester division.

ภูมิ

phum — Pride, knowledge base, or geographical terrain.

ยืน

yuen — To stand upright or remain in a standing position.

นั่น

nan — That, those; demonstrative pronoun for distant objects.

โดย

doi — By, through, or via a means or agent.

ผม

phom — I, me; first person pronoun used by males.

สี

si — Color or shade of something visually perceived.

เทา

thao — Gray; the color between black and white.

ปรากฏ

pra-kot — To appear, emerge, or become visible to observers.

ใต้

tai — Under, below, or south in directional reference.

หมวก

muak — Hat or cap worn on the head.

กะโหลก

ka-lok — Skull, cranium, or skeletal head structure.

ดวงตา

duang-ta — Eyes; referring to the pair of eyes expressively.

คุ้นเคย

khun-khoei — Familiar, accustomed to, or well-acquainted with something.

แสง

saeng — Light, ray, or beam of illumination.

สลัว

salua — Dim, faint, or poorly lit with little light.

ห้อง

hong — Room or enclosed space within a building.

ทำงาน

tham-ngan — To work or perform a job or task.

กะพริบ

ka-phrip — To blink or flicker rapidly, as eyes or light.

ตา

ta — Eye, or maternal grandfather in Thai culture.

ราว

rao — About, approximately, or a railing or rod.

ทารก

tha-rok — Infant, baby, or very young child.

ภายใต้

phai-tai — Under, beneath, or subject to a condition.

แดด

daet — Sunlight, sunshine, or direct rays of the sun.

จ้า

ja — Bright, glaring, or intensely dazzling light or color.

ใด

dai — Which, any; interrogative or indefinite pronoun.

บด

bot — To grind, crush, or mill something into powder.

บัง

bang — To cover, block, or obstruct from view or light.