The Scarlet Letter — Page 101

Vocabulary

การ

gaan — Nominalizing prefix indicating an action or process

ดูแล

duu lae — To take care of; to look after someone

เป็น

bpen — To be; to exist as something

อันดับแรก

an-dàp râek — First in order or priority

ของ

khɔ̌ɔng — Of; belonging to; possession marker

เขา

khǎo — He, she, or they; third-person pronoun

มุ่ง

mûng — To aim toward; to direct focus at something

ไป

bpai — To go; to move away from speaker

ที่

thîi — At; place; relative clause marker

เด็ก

dèk — Child; a young person or infant

เสียง

sǐang — Sound; voice; noise

ร้อง

rɔ́ɔng — To cry; to wail; to call out loudly

เธอ

thəə — She; you (informal, often feminine)

นั้น

nán — That; referring to something previously mentioned

ขณะ

khà-nà — While; at the moment when something occurs

นอน

nɔɔn — To lie down; to sleep

ดิ้นรน

dîn ron — To struggle; to strive hard under difficulty

อยู่

yùu — To be located; to stay; ongoing aspect marker

บน

bon — On top of; above a surface

เตียง

tiang — Bed; a piece of furniture for sleeping

ทำให้

tham hâi — To cause; to make something happen

จำเป็น

jam bpen — Necessary; essential; required

อย่าง

yàang — In a manner; type; kind of something

เร่งด่วน

rêng dùan — Urgent; requiring immediate attention

จะ

jà — Will; future tense marker in Thai

ต้อง

tɔ̂ng — Must; have to; obligated to do something

เลื่อน

lʉ̂an — To postpone; to slide; to reschedule

ธุระ

thú-rá — Errand; business matter; task to attend to

อื่น

ʉ̀ʉn — Other; another; different from this one

ทั้งหมด

tháng mòt — All; everything; the entire amount

ออก

ɔ̀ɔk — To go out; to exit; to emerge

เพื่อ

phʉ̂a — In order to; for the purpose of something

มา

maa — To come; to move toward the speaker

ทำ

tham — To do; to make; to perform an action

หน้าที่

nâa thîi — Duty; responsibility; role one must fulfill

ปลอบ

bplɔ̀ɔp — To comfort; to soothe someone who is upset

ตรวจสอบ

trùat sɔ̀ɔp — To inspect; to check; to verify carefully

ทารก

thaa-rók — Infant; newborn baby; very young child

ละเอียด

lá-ìat — Detailed; thorough; fine-grained in nature

จากนั้น

jàak nán — After that; then; subsequently in sequence

ก็

gɔ̂ɔ — Then; also; discourse particle showing consequence

เปิด

bpəət — To open; to turn on; to unlock something

กระเป๋า

grà-bpǎo — Bag; purse; carrying case

หนัง

nǎng — Leather; skin; hide of an animal

ใบ

bai — Leaf; flat-object classifier; sheet

หนึ่ง

nʉ̀ng — One; the number one; a single item

หยิบ

yìp — To pick up; to grab with fingers

จาก

jàak — From; away from; originating at a place

ใต้

tâi — Under; beneath; below a surface

เสื้อผ้า

sʉ̂a phâa — Clothing; garments; articles of dress

ดู

duu — To look; to watch; to observe something

เหมือน

mʉ̌an — Similar to; like; resembling something else

ว่า

wâa — That; quotation marker; to say something

มัน

man — It; third-person pronoun for things or animals

บรรจุ

ban-jù — To contain; to pack; to fill a container

ยา

yaa — Medicine; drug; medication for treatment

และ

lɛ́ — And; connecting two items or clauses together

สิ่ง

sìng — Thing; object; matter; an item or entity

เตรียม

triam — To prepare; to get ready in advance

ทาง

thaang — Way; path; direction; relating to a field

การแพทย์

gaan phâet — Medicine; the field of medical practice

ไว้

wái — To keep; to store; aspect marker for preparation

โดย

dooi — By; through; by means of something

ผสม

phà-sǒm — To mix; to blend ingredients together

กับ

gàp — With; together with; and (joining nouns)

น้ำ

náam — Water; liquid; fluid

ถ้วย

thûay — Cup; small bowl for drinking or measuring

การศึกษา

gaan sʉ̀k-sǎa — Education; the process of learning and studying

วิชา

wí-chaa — Subject; academic discipline; field of study

ใน

nai — In; inside; within a place or time

อดีต

à-dìit — Past; former times; previous era

กล่าว

glàao — To say; to state; to speak formally

อาศัย

aa-sǎi — To live; to reside; to depend on something

เวลา

wee-laa — Time; a specific period or moment

กว่า

gwàa — More than; over; comparative particle

ปี

bpii — Year; a period of twelve months

ผ่าน

phàan — To pass through; to go past; elapsed

ท่ามกลาง

thâam glaang — Amidst; in the middle of; surrounded by

ผู้คน

phûu khon — People; persons; human beings in general

เชี่ยวชาญ

chîao chaan — Expert; highly skilled and experienced in something

คุณสมบัติ

khun-sǒm-bàt — Qualification; quality; characteristic or attribute

อัน

an — Classifier for various objects; a unit or item

ประโยชน์

bprà-yòot — Benefit; usefulness; advantage gained from something

พืช

phʉ̂ʉt — Plant; vegetation; flora

สมุนไพร

sà-mǔn-phrai — Herb; medicinal plant used in traditional medicine

ได้

dâi — Can; able to; past tense or ability marker

แพทย์

phâet — Doctor; physician; medical professional

ดี

dii — Good; fine; of high quality or virtue

คน

khon — Person; human being; classifier for people

อีก

ìik — More; again; another; additional quantity

มาก

mâak — Much; many; a lot; greatly

สำเร็จ

sǎm-rèt — To succeed; to accomplish; to complete successfully

ปริญญา

bprì-nyaa — Academic degree; university diploma or credential

นี่

nîi — This (here); used to point out nearby things

หญิง

yǐng — Woman; female; feminine gender

นี้

níi — This; referring to something nearby or current

ไม่ใช่

mâi châi — Is not; that is incorrect; negating identity

แต่

tàe — But; however; yet; introducing a contrast

ไม่

mâi — Not; negation marker in Thai sentences

จำ

jam — To remember; to memorize; to recognize someone

หรือ

rʉ̌ʉ — Or; whether; question particle in Thai

ใบหน้า

bai nâa — Face; the front part of a person's head

ฐานะ

thǎa-ná — Status; social standing; financial position

พ่อ

phɔ̂ɔ — Father; dad; male parent

ดังนั้น

dang nán — Therefore; so; thus; as a result

ให้

hâi — To give; to allow; causative or benefactive marker

แก่

gàe — To; for; toward (indirect object marker)

ด้วย

dûay — With; also; too; by means of something

มือ

mʉʉ — Hand; the human hand used for grasping

เอง

eeng — Self; oneself; by one's own effort

ปฏิเสธ

bpà-tì-sèet — To refuse; to deny; to reject a request

ยื่น

yʉ̂ʉn — To extend; to hand over; to submit something

เดียวกัน

diao gan — The same; identical; one and the same thing

จ้อง

jɔ̂ng — To stare; to gaze fixedly at something

มอง

mɔɔng — To look at; to gaze; to observe visually

หน้า

nâa — Face; front; next; page

ความ

khwaam — Abstract noun prefix; state or condition of something

หวาด

wàat — To fear; frightened; feeling dread or alarm

ระแวง

rá-wɛɛng — To be suspicious; to be wary of someone

ชัดเจน

chát jeen — Clear; obvious; evident and easy to understand

แก้แค้น

gâe khâen — To take revenge; to retaliate against someone

ผู้

phûu — Person who; one who; agent noun prefix

บริสุทธิ์

bɔɔ-rì-sùt — Pure; innocent; clean; free from wrongdoing

กระซิบ

grà-síp — To whisper; to speak very quietly to someone

ตอบ

tɔ̀ɔp — To answer; to respond; to reply to someone

ครึ่ง

khrʉ̂ng — Half; partial; one of two equal portions

เย็นชา

yen chaa — Cold; indifferent; emotionally detached or aloof

ปลอบโยน

bplɔ̀ɔp yoon — To console; to comfort someone who is distressed

มี

mii — To have; there is; to possess something

ทำร้าย

tham ráai — To harm; to hurt; to injure someone

น่าสงสาร

nâa sǒng-sǎan — Pitiful; deserving sympathy; worthy of compassion

สมควร

sǒm khuan — Deserve; appropriate; fitting for a situation

เล่า

lâo — To tell; to narrate; discourse final particle

ความดี

khwaam dii — Goodness; virtue; moral excellence or merit

ถึงแม้

thʉ̌ng mâe — Even though; although; despite the fact that

ลูก

lûuk — Child; offspring; son or daughter

ใช่

châi — Yes; correct; that is right

แล้ว

lɛ́ɛo — Already; then; completion aspect marker

เช่นเดียวกับ

chên diao gàp — Same as; just like; in the same way as

อาจ

àat — Might; may; expressing possibility or uncertainty

ยังคง

yang khong — Still; continue to; remains as before

ลังเล

lang-lee — To hesitate; to be indecisive; to waver

เนื่องจาก

nʉ̂ang jàak — Because of; due to; owing to a cause

แท้จริง

thâe jing — Truly; actually; in reality; genuinely

สภาพ

sà-phâap — Condition; state; the current situation of something

จิตใจ

jìt jai — Mind; heart; mental and emotional inner state

ปกติ

bpòk-gà-tì — Normal; ordinary; usual; standard condition

จึง

jʉng — Therefore; so; consequently; as a result then

อุ้ม

ûm — To carry in arms; to hold a child closely

อ้อมแขน

ɔ̂ɔm khǎen — In one's arms; embraced; held within one's arms

ตัวเอง

tua eeng — Oneself; by oneself; one's own person

ไม่นาน

mâi naan — Not long; shortly; in a brief amount of time

แสดง

sà-dɛɛng — To show; to display; to perform or demonstrate

ประสิทธิภาพ

bprà-sìt-thì-phâap — Efficiency; effectiveness; productive capability

ยืนยัน

yʉʉn-yan — To confirm; to affirm; to assert with certainty

คำมั่น

kham mân — Promise; pledge; a firm commitment or vow

หมอ

mɔ̌ɔ — Doctor; physician; informal term for medical professional