The Scarlet Letter — Page 157

Vocabulary

ฉัน

chan — First person pronoun, commonly used by females or informally.

จะ

ja — Future tense marker indicating intention or prediction.

ไม่

mai — Negation word meaning 'not' or 'no'.

ยอม

yom — To yield, submit, or accept something reluctantly.

เสีย

sia — To lose, spoil, or be broken; also an aspect marker.

เด็ก

dek — A child or young person.

คน

khon — A person or human being; also a classifier for people.

นี้

ni — Demonstrative pronoun meaning 'this' or 'these'.

ไป

pai — To go; also a directional particle indicating movement away.

จง

jong — Imperative particle expressing a command or strong instruction.

ระวัง

ra-wang — To be careful, cautious, or watch out.

ไว้

wai — Particle indicating keeping, retaining, or doing in advance.

ด้วย

duay — Also, too, or with; used to include or add something.

ต่อ

to — To continue, connect, or extend; also a preposition meaning 'toward'.

การ

gaan — Nominalizing prefix indicating an action or process.

ร้องขอ

rong-kho — To request, plead, or appeal for something urgently.

อย่าง

yang — In a manner of; used to describe how something is done.

ดุเดือด

du-dueat — Fierce, intense, or vehement in manner or emotion.

และ

lae — Conjunction meaning 'and', connecting words or clauses.

แปลก

plaek — Strange, odd, or unfamiliar in nature.

ประหลาด

pra-laat — Peculiar, bizarre, or surprisingly unusual.

ซึ่ง

sueng — Relative pronoun meaning 'which' or 'that'.

บ่งบอก

bong-bok — To indicate, signal, or suggest something clearly.

ว่า

wa — That; introduces a reported speech or subordinate clause.

สถานการณ์

sa-thaan-na-gaan — A situation, circumstance, or state of affairs.

ของ

khong — Possessive particle meaning 'of' or 'belonging to'.

ได้

dai — To be able to; also marks past tense or successful action.

ผลักดัน

phlak-dan — To push, drive, or propel someone toward something.

นาง

naang — Title or pronoun for a woman; Mrs. or she (formal).

สู่

su — Preposition meaning 'toward' or 'into'.

ความ

khwaam — Nominalizing prefix for abstract nouns or states.

ใกล้เคียง

glai-khiang — Close to, approximate, or in the vicinity of something.

กับ

gap — With; a preposition linking two nouns or actions.

บ้าคลั่ง

baa-khlang — Mad, insane, or frantically out of control.

บาทหลวง

baat-luang — A Catholic priest or Christian minister.

หนุ่ม

num — Young man; describing a male who is youthful.

ก็

go — Particle meaning 'also', 'then', or 'even so'.

ก้าว

gaaw — To step forward; a step or stride.

ออกมา

ok-maa — To come out or emerge from a place.

ใน

nai — In, inside, or within a place or time.

ทันที

than-thi — Immediately, instantly, or right away.

หน้า

naa — Face; also means front or next.

ซีดเผือด

siit-phueat — Pale, ashen, or drained of color in the face.

วาง

waang — To place, put down, or set something somewhere.

มือ

mue — Hand or hands of a person.

บน

bon — On top of or above a surface.

อก

ok — The chest or breast area of the body.

ตน

ton — Oneself; a reflexive pronoun referring to one's own self.

ตาม

taam — To follow; according to, as per a habit or rule.

นิสัย

ni-sai — Habit, character, or disposition of a person.

ที่

thi — Relative pronoun 'that/which'; also means place or at.

เขา

khao — He, she, they; a third person pronoun.

มัก

mak — To tend to, usually, or habitually do something.

ทำ

tham — To do, make, or perform an action.

ทุกครั้ง

thuk-khrang — Every time, each time something occurs.

อารมณ์

aa-rom — Emotion, mood, or feeling of a person.

อ่อนไหว

on-wai — Sensitive, easily moved, or emotionally responsive.

อัน

an — Classifier for objects; also a relative pronoun meaning 'which'.

เป็น

pen — To be; linking verb indicating identity or state.

ลักษณะ

lak-sa-na — Characteristic, feature, or distinctive quality of something.

พิเศษ

phi-set — Special, extraordinary, or unique in nature.

ถูก

thuuk — To be correct; also a passive marker indicating being acted upon.

กระตุ้น

gra-tun — To stimulate, provoke, or motivate into action.

ให้

hai — To give; also a causative particle meaning 'to cause to'.

ปั่นป่วน

pan-puan — To be turbulent, agitated, or thrown into disorder.

ตอนนี้

ton-ni — Right now, at this moment, currently.

ดู

du — To look at, watch, or observe something.

หมดแรง

mot-raeng — Exhausted, drained of energy, or completely worn out.

ซูบผอม

suup-phom — Gaunt, thin, and looking frail or wasted away.

กว่า

gwaa — More than, comparative particle indicating degree.

เรา

rao — We, us, or I (informal first person pronoun).

บรรยาย

ban-yaai — To describe, narrate, or give an account of something.

ถึง

thueng — To reach, arrive at, or until; about something.

ฉาก

chaak — A scene, backdrop, or setting in a story.

ประจาน

pra-jaan — Public shaming or humiliation as a form of punishment.

สาธารณชน

saa-thaa-ra-na-chon — The general public or community of people.

ไม่ว่า

mai-wa — Regardless of, no matter what or whether.

เพราะ

phro — Because; a conjunction giving a reason or cause.

สุขภาพ

suk-kha-phap — Health or physical well-being of a person.

ทรุดโทรม

trut-soom — Deteriorated, run-down, or in declining condition.

หรือ

rue — Or; conjunction offering an alternative choice.

สาเหตุ

saa-het — Cause, reason, or origin of an event.

ใด

dai — Any, which, or whatever; an indefinite pronoun.

ก็ตาม

go-taam — Whatever it may be; regardless, no matter what.

ดวงตา

duang-taa — Eyes; literally 'orbs of sight'.

สีเข้ม

si-khem — Dark color; having a deep or intense hue.

ขนาดใหญ่

kha-naat-yai — Large in size, big, or of great magnitude.

เต็มไป

tem-pai — Full of, filled with something throughout.

เจ็บปวด

jep-puat — Pain, hurt, or suffering physically or emotionally.

ห้วงลึก

huang-luek — Deep abyss or profound depth of emotion or space.

หม่นหมอง

mon-moong — Gloomy, somber, or clouded with sadness.

เศร้าสร้อย

sao-soi — Melancholy, sorrowful, and deeply sad.

มี

mi — To have or there is/are something present.

ความจริง

khwaam-jing — Truth, reality, or fact about something.

สิ่ง

sing — Thing, object, or matter of any kind.

กล่าว

glaaw — To say, state, or speak (formal register).

เริ่มต้น

roem-ton — To begin, start, or commence something.

น้ำเสียง

naam-siang — Tone of voice conveying emotion or attitude.

อ่อนหวาน

on-waan — Gentle and sweet in tone or manner.

สั่นเครือ

san-khruea — Trembling or quivering voice from emotion.

แต่

tae — But, however; a conjunction showing contrast.

ทรงพลัง

song-phlang — Powerful, forceful, or full of great strength.

จน

jon — Until; to the point of or poor (contextual meanings).

ห้องโถง

hong-thoong — A hall, lobby, or large open room.

กังวาน

gang-waan — Resonant, reverberating, or having a ringing echo.

สะท้อน

sa-thon — To reflect, echo, or resound back.

ชุดเกราะ

chut-kro — A suit of armor worn as protective covering.

กลวง

gluang — Hollow, empty inside, or void.

ดัง

dang — Loud, resounding; also means 'as' or 'like'.

กึกก้อง

guek-gong — Loud and thunderous, booming sound echoing around.

ความรู้สึก

khwaam-ruu-suek — Feeling, sensation, or emotional experience.

แรงบันดาลใจ

raeng-ban-daan-jai — Inspiration, motivating force driving action or creativity.

พระเจ้า

phra-jao — God or a deity; the divine supreme being.

ประทาน

pra-thaan — To bestow or grant (used for royalty or deity).

แก่

gae — To; for (giving to someone); also means 'old'.

ความรู้

khwaam-ruu — Knowledge, understanding, or learned information.

โดย

doi — By, through, or via a means or agent.

สัญชาตญาณ

san-chaat-ya-yaan — Instinct, innate natural impulse guiding behavior.

เกี่ยวกับ

giao-gap — About, concerning, or related to a topic.

ธรรมชาติ

tham-ma-chaat — Nature; the natural world or inherent character.

ความต้องการ

khwaam-tong-gaan — Need, desire, or requirement for something.

ทั้ง

thang — Both, all, or entirety of something.

สอง

song — The number two.

พิสดาร

phi-sa-daan — Extraordinary, bizarre, or wonderfully strange.

อย่างยิ่ง

yang-ying — Extremely, greatly, or to a very high degree.

มนุษย์

ma-nut — A human being; relating to humankind.

อื่น

uen — Other, another, or different from what is mentioned.

อาจ

aat — May, might; expressing possibility or uncertainty.

ครอบครอง

khrop-khrong — To possess, own, or have control over something.

ยิ่งกว่า

ying-gwaa — More than, even greater than something else.

นั้น

nan — That, those; a demonstrative pronoun for distant things.

ศักดิ์สิทธิ์

sak-sit — Sacred, holy, or divinely powerful.

น่าเกรงขาม

naa-greng-khaam — Awe-inspiring, formidable, or commanding deep respect.

ความสัมพันธ์

khwaam-sam-phan — Relationship, connection, or bond between people.

ระหว่าง

ra-waang — Between, among, or during a period of time.

แม่

mae — Mother; a female parent.

ดอก

dok — A sentence-final particle for softening or questioning tone.

อ้อ

o — Interjection expressing realization or mild surprise: 'Oh, I see.'

นั่น

nan — That (near-demonstrative); pointing to something just mentioned.

หมายความว่า

maai-khwaam-waa — To mean, signify, or indicate a particular meaning.

อย่างไร

yang-rai — How, in what way, or in what manner.

ท่าน

thaan — Respectful pronoun for you or a respected person.

ผู้

phuu — Person who; a nominalizing prefix for a role or doer.

ทรงคุณ

song-khun — Highly virtuous or of great moral worth (honorific).

ผู้ว่าการ

phuu-waa-gaan — Governor; an official who administers a region.

แทรก

saek — To insert, interject, or squeeze into a space.

ขึ้น

khuen — To rise, go up; also a directional and aspect particle.

โปรด

proot — Please; also means to be pleased or to favor (formal).

อธิบาย

a-thi-baai — To explain, clarify, or elaborate on something.

ชัดเจน

chat-jen — Clear, distinct, or explicit in expression or meaning.

เถิด

thoet — Particle urging or encouraging an action (formal imperative softener).

มัน

man — It; third person pronoun for things or animals (informal).

ต้อง

tong — Must, have to; expressing obligation or necessity.

เช่นนั้น

chen-nan — Like that, in that manner, or such as that.