The Scarlet Letter — Page 160

Vocabulary

กระนั้น

kra-nan — Even so; nevertheless; despite that situation

จำ

jam — To remember; to memorize something

ต้อง

tong — Must; have to; required to do something

ระวัง

ra-wang — To be careful; to watch out for danger

ให้

hai — To give; to allow; causative marker in Thai

เด็ก

dek — Child; young person; kid

ได้รับ

dai-rap — To receive; to obtain something from someone

การ

gaan — Nominalizing prefix indicating an action or process

สอบสวน

sop-suan — To investigate; to interrogate; official inquiry

อย่าง

yaang — In a manner; type; kind; way of doing

เหมาะสม

mo-som — Appropriate; suitable; fitting for the situation

และ

lae — And; connecting words, phrases, or clauses

เป็น

pen — To be; to exist as; linking verb

ระเบียบ

ra-biap — Order; discipline; rules and regulations

ใน

nai — In; inside; within a place or context

เรื่อง

rueang — Matter; story; topic; subject being discussed

หลัก

lak — Principle; main; fundamental concept or rule

คำสอน

kham-son — Teaching; doctrine; instruction given to someone

ไม่ว่า

mai-wa — Regardless of; no matter what or who

จะ

ja — Future tense marker; will; going to do

โดย

doi — By; through; by means of something

ท่าน

than — Respectful pronoun for you or he/she

เอง

eng — Oneself; by itself; emphasizes personal action

หรือ

rue — Or; question particle at sentence end

นอกจาก

nok-jaak — Besides; except for; in addition to something

นี้

ni — This; referring to something nearby or just mentioned

เวลา

we-laa — Time; period; moment when something occurs

อัน

an — Classifier for various objects; that; which

สมควร

som-khuan — Appropriate; deserving; proper and fitting

เจ้าหน้าที่

jao-na-thi — Official; officer; person with official duties

เก็บ

kep — To collect; to keep; to gather or store

ภาษี

pha-si — Tax; levy imposed by the government

ดูแล

du-lae — To take care of; to look after someone

เธอ

thoe — She; her; informal second-person pronoun

ได้

dai — Can; able to; past tense marker in Thai

ไป

pai — To go; away; directional verb or marker

ทั้ง

thang — Both; all; entire; including everything mentioned

โรงเรียน

rong-rian — School; educational institution for students

ประชุม

pra-chum — To meet; to hold a meeting or assembly

สวดมนต์

suat-mon — To chant prayers; to recite religious prayers

บาทหลวง

bat-luang — Catholic priest; Christian clergyman or minister

หนุ่ม

num — Young man; youthful male person

เมื่อ

muea — When; at the time that something happened

หยุด

yut — To stop; to cease an action or movement

พูด

phut — To speak; to talk; to say something

แล้ว

laeo — Already; then; after completing an action

ถอย

thoi — To retreat; to step back; to move backward

ออก

ok — Out; to exit; away from a place

สอง

song — Two; the number 2

สาม

sam — Three; the number 3

ก้าว

kao — Step; pace; to take a step forward

จาก

jaak — From; away from; departing a place

กลุ่ม

klum — Group; cluster; collection of people or things

คน

khon — Person; people; human being

ยืน

yuen — To stand; to be in a standing position

อยู่

yu — To be located; to stay; to exist somewhere

ใบหน้า

bai-na — Face; the front part of one's head

ถูก

thuk — To be (passive marker); correct; cheap

ซ่อน

son — To hide; to conceal from view

บาง

baang — Some; thin; partial; not all of something

ส่วน

suan — Part; portion; section of a whole

รอย

roi — Mark; trace; fold; visible impression left behind

พับ

phap — To fold; to crease fabric or paper

หนัก

nak — Heavy; severe; difficult; of great weight

ของ

khong — Of; belonging to; possessive particle in Thai

ม่าน

man — Curtain; drape hanging over a window

หน้าต่าง

na-taang — Window; opening in a wall with glass

ขณะ

kha-na — While; moment; at the time something occurs

ที่

thi — At; place; relative pronoun; location marker

เงา

ngao — Shadow; shade; dark silhouette cast by light

ร่างกาย

raang-gaai — Body; physical form of a person

เขา

khao — He; she; they; third-person pronoun

ซึ่ง

sueng — Which; that; relative pronoun connecting clauses

แสงแดด

saeng-daet — Sunlight; light from the sun

ทอด

thot — To stretch; to extend; to cast or spread

ลง

long — Down; to descend; downward direction marker

บน

bon — On; on top of; above a surface

พื้น

phuen — Floor; ground; surface below one's feet

สั่น

san — To shake; to tremble; to vibrate nervously

ไหว

wai — To sway; able to; respond with movement

ด้วย

duay — With; also; by means of; as well

ความ

khwaam — Abstract noun prefix indicating a state or quality

รุนแรง

run-raeng — Intense; violent; severe in force or degree

แห่ง

haeng — Of; from; classifier for places or instances

คำ

kham — Word; utterance; spoken or written unit

วิงวอน

wing-won — To plead; to beg earnestly for something

ก็

ko — Also; then; particle showing continuation or result

รู้

ru — To know; to be aware of something

ว่า

wa — That; to say; complementizer introducing reported speech

มี

mi — To have; there is; to possess something

ความรัก

khwaam-rak — Love; affection; deep emotional attachment to someone

หัวใจ

hua-jai — Heart; the center of emotions and feelings

น้อย

noi — Little; few; small amount of something

แม้ว่า

mae-wa — Even though; although; despite the fact that

นั้น

nan — That; those; referring to something previously mentioned

มัก

mak — Often; tend to; habitually does something

แสดงออก

sa-daeng-ok — To express; to show feelings or emotions outwardly

มา

maa — To come; toward speaker; continuative verb marker

รูป

rup — Form; shape; image; picture or appearance

แทบ

thaep — Almost; nearly; barely; just about something

ไม่

mai — Not; negation marker in Thai language

เคย

khoei — Ever; used to; have experience doing something

ถึง

thueng — To reach; until; up to a point

ครั้ง

khrang — Time; instance; occurrence; once or more times

ชีวิต

chi-wit — Life; existence; one's living experience

อ่อนโยน

on-yon — Gentle; tender; kind and mild in manner

ละมุนละไม

la-mun-la-mai — Soft and gentle; delicate; refined and graceful

เช่น

chen — Such as; for example; like something mentioned

นอก

nok — Outside; external; beyond a boundary

รักใคร่

rak-khrai — To be fond of; to love affectionately

แสวงหา

sa-waeng-ha — To seek; to search for something desired

นาน

naan — Long; for a long time; lengthy duration

สตรี

sa-tri — Woman; female person; formal word for women

ไม่มี

mai-mi — There is not; to lack; to have nothing

สิ่งใด

sing-dai — Anything; whatever thing; any kind of thing

หวาน

waan — Sweet; sugary taste; sweet in character

ซึ้ง

sueng — Deeply touching; moving; emotionally profound feeling

กว่า

gwaa — More than; comparative marker; exceeding something

สัญลักษณ์

san-ya-lak — Symbol; sign representing an idea or concept

ชื่นชอบ

chuen-chop — To like; to be fond of; to enjoy

มอบ

mop — To give; to hand over; to present something

สัญชาตญาณ

san-chat-ya-an — Instinct; natural inborn impulse or intuition

ทาง

thaang — Way; path; direction; means of doing something

จิตวิญญาณ

jit-win-yaan — Spirit; soul; the spiritual aspect of a person

ธรรมชาติ

tham-ma-chat — Nature; natural character; the natural world

จึง

jueng — Therefore; so; as a result; consequently

ดู

du — To look; to watch; to observe something

เสมือน

sa-muean — As if; as though; resembling or seeming like

บ่งบอก

bong-bok — To indicate; to point to; to suggest meaning

สิ่ง

sing — Thing; object; matter; an entity or item

ตัว

tua — Body; self; classifier for animals and letters

เรา

rao — We; us; first-person plural pronoun

แท้จริง

thae-jing — True; real; genuine; actual nature of something

มอง

mong — To look at; to gaze upon something

รอบๆ

rop-rop — Around; surrounding; in all directions nearby

วาง

waang — To place; to put down; to set something

มือ

mue — Hand; the part of the arm used for grasping

ศีรษะ

si-sa — Head; the uppermost part of the body

ลังเล

lang-le — To hesitate; to waver; to be indecisive

ครู่

khru — A moment; a short while; brief period of time

หนึ่ง

nueng — One; the number 1; a single thing

จูบ

jup — To kiss; a kiss on someone's face or lips

หน้าผาก

na-phaak — Forehead; the front upper part of the face

อารมณ์

aa-rom — Emotion; mood; feeling or emotional state

อ่อนไหว

on-wai — Sensitive; easily moved emotionally; emotionally vulnerable

ปกติ

pa-ga-ti — Normal; usual; ordinary; as it typically is

คง

khong — Probably; likely; to remain; to stay stable

หัวเราะ

hua-ro — To laugh; to express amusement with laughter

วิ่ง

wing — To run; to move quickly on foot

เต้น

ten — To dance; to bounce; to move rhythmically

ตาม

taam — To follow; along; according to; after someone

ทางเดิน

thaang-doen — Pathway; walkway; corridor for walking through

เบา

bao — Light; soft; gentle; not heavy or loud

สบาย

sa-baai — Comfortable; relaxed; at ease; feeling well

จน

jon — Until; so much that; poor; up to a point

กระทั่ง

kra-thang — Until; even; up to and including a point

คุณ

khun — You; polite second-person pronoun; also Mr./Ms.

ชาย

chaai — Man; male person; shore of a body of water