The Scarlet Letter — Page 171

Vocabulary

มัน

man — It; third-person pronoun for things or animals

เหมือน

muean — Similar to; like; resembling something else

กับ

gap — With; and; together with another person or thing

ว่า

wa — That; to say; introducing a quoted or reported clause

หน้าต่าง

na tang — Window; an opening in a wall for light

บาน

ban — Classifier for windows or doors; panel

หนึ่ง

nueng — One; the number one

ถูก

thuk — To be correct; cheap; or passive action marker

เปิด

poet — To open; to turn on something

ออก

ok — Out; to go out; to exit a place

นำ

nam — To lead; to bring; to guide someone or something

พา

pha — To take someone somewhere; to escort

อากาศ

akat — Air; weather; atmosphere surrounding us

ที่

thi — At; place; relative pronoun marker

โปร่ง

prong — Airy; open; light and not stuffy

โล่ง

long — Spacious; open; unobstructed and clear

กว่า

kwa — More than; used in comparisons between two things

เข้า

khao — To enter; to go into a place

มา

ma — To come; directional particle toward speaker

สู่

su — To; toward; in the direction of something

ห้อง

hong — Room; an enclosed space within a building

ทำงาน

tham ngan — To work; to perform a job or task

อับ

ap — Stuffy; stale; lacking fresh air circulation

และ

lae — And; connecting two words, phrases, or clauses

อึดอัด

uet at — Uncomfortable; stifling; feeling oppressed or cramped

ซึ่ง

sueng — Which; that; a relative pronoun connector

ชีวิต

chiwit — Life; existence; one's living experience

ของ

khong — Of; belonging to; possessive particle

เขา

khao — He; she; they; third-person pronoun

กำลัง

kamlang — Currently; in the process of doing something

สูญเปล่า

sun plao — Wasted; in vain; without useful result

ไป

pai — To go; directional particle away from speaker

ท่ามกลาง

tham klang — Amid; in the middle of; surrounded by

แสง

saeng — Light; rays of light from a source

ตะเกียง

takiang — Lamp; an oil or flame-burning light source

หรือ

rue — Or; used to present alternatives or choices

กลางวัน

klang wan — Daytime; the middle part of the day

บดบัง

bot bang — To obscure; to block or conceal from view

กลิ่น

klin — Smell; odor; scent perceived by the nose

อับชื้น

ap chuen — Damp and stuffy; musty and humid atmosphere

ไม่ว่า

mai wa — Regardless of; no matter what or which

จะ

cha — Will; future tense marker; going to do

เป็น

pen — To be; to exist as something

ทาง

thang — Way; path; direction; means of doing something

กาย

kai — Body; the physical form of a person

ศีลธรรม

sin tham — Morality; ethics; moral principles guiding behavior

ระเหย

rahoei — To evaporate; to vaporize into the air

จาก

chak — From; away from a source or origin

หนังสือ

nangsue — Book; a written or printed publication

แต่

tae — But; however; introducing a contrasting idea

นั้น

nan — That; those; referring to something previously mentioned

สดชื่น

sot chuen — Fresh; refreshing; lively and invigorating feeling

เย็น

yen — Cool; cold; refreshingly low in temperature

เกินไป

koenpai — Too much; excessively; beyond a desirable degree

สูด

sut — To inhale; to breathe in deeply through nose

หายใจ

hai jai — To breathe; to inhale and exhale air

ได้

dai — Can; to be able to; past tense marker

อย่าง

yang — In a way; manner; kind or type of

สบาย

sabai — Comfortable; at ease; feeling relaxed and well

นานๆ

nan nan — Occasionally; once in a long while

ดังนั้น

dang nan — Therefore; thus; as a result of that

บาทหลวง

bat luang — Catholic priest; a Christian religious clergy member

แพทย์

phaet — Physician; doctor; a medical professional

อยู่

yu — To stay; to live; to be located somewhere

ด้วย

duai — Also; with; by means of something

จึง

chueng — Therefore; so; consequently after a cause

ถอย

thoi — To retreat; to step back or move backward

กลับ

klap — To return; to go back to a place

ขอบเขต

khopkhet — Boundary; limit; the extent or scope of something

สิ่ง

sing — Thing; object; an item or matter

คริสตจักร

khrit-sa-tak — Church; a Christian place of worship

พวกเขา

phuak khao — They; them; a group of people

กำหนด

kamnot — To determine; to set or establish rules

หลัก

lak — Main; principal; a core principle or pillar

ศาสนา

satsana — Religion; a system of faith and worship

ถูกต้อง

thuk tong — Correct; accurate; right and proper

ตรวจสอบ

truat sop — To inspect; to examine or verify carefully

คนไข้

khon khai — Patient; a sick person under medical care

ละเอียด

la-iat — Detailed; thorough; fine and meticulous

ทั้ง

thang — Both; all; entire; the whole of something

ใน

nai — In; inside; within a place or time

ประจำวัน

pracham wan — Daily; everyday; occurring on a regular daily basis

เห็น

hen — To see; to perceive visually

ดำเนิน

damnoein — To proceed; to carry on or conduct something

ตาม

tam — According to; to follow; in accordance with

แนวทาง

naeo thang — Guideline; approach; a course of action

ความคิด

khwam khit — Thought; idea; an opinion or mental concept

คุ้นเคย

khun khoei — Familiar; accustomed to; well-acquainted with something

ยาม

yam — Guard; watchman; a period of time or watch

โยน

yon — To throw; to toss something through the air

สภาพแวดล้อม

saphap waet lom — Environment; surroundings; the conditions around someone

อื่นๆ

uenuen — Others; other things or people; et cetera

ความ

khwam — Nominalizing prefix forming abstract nouns from adjectives

แปลกใหม่

plaek mai — Novel; new and strange; unfamiliar and fresh

อาจ

at — May; might; expressing possibility or uncertainty

ดึง

dueng — To pull; to drag something toward oneself

บางสิ่ง

bang sing — Something; a certain unspecified thing

ใหม่

mai — New; fresh; recently made or acquired

ขึ้น

khuen — Up; to rise; directional particle upward

ผิว

phio — Skin; surface; the outer layer of body

อุปนิสัย

upanisai — Character; personality; habitual nature of a person

ดู

du — To look; to watch; to observe something

จำเป็น

champen — Necessary; essential; required to do something

ต้อง

tong — Must; have to; obligated to do something

รู้จัก

rucak — To know someone; to be acquainted with

ตัว

tua — Body; self; classifier for animals or clothing

บุคคล

bukkhon — Person; individual; a human being

ก่อน

kon — Before; first; prior to something else

พยายาม

phayayam — To try; to make an effort to do

ทำ

tham — To do; to make; to perform an action

ดี

di — Good; well; of high quality or virtue

ให้

hai — To give; to allow; causative particle

แก่

kae — To; for; indicating recipient of an action

ทุกที่

thuk thi — Everywhere; in every place or location

มี

mi — To have; to possess; there is or are

หัวใจ

huachai — Heart; the organ or seat of emotions

สติปัญญา

sati panya — Intelligence; wisdom; mental faculty and intellect

โรค

rok — Disease; illness; a medical condition or sickness

ร่างกาย

rang kai — Body; the physical form of a human

ล้วน

luan — All; entirely; wholly made up of something

ย้อม

yom — To dye; to color or stain with pigment

ลักษณะ

laksana — Characteristic; feature; a distinguishing quality or trait

เฉพาะ

chapho — Specific; particular; exclusive to one thing

เหล่านั้น

lao nan — Those; referring to previously mentioned group of things

จินตนาการ

chintanakan — Imagination; the ability to form mental images

เคลื่อนไหว

khluean wai — To move; to make movements; to be active

กระตือรือร้น

kratue rue ron — Enthusiastic; eager; showing keen interest and energy

รู้สึกไว

rusuk wai — Sensitive; quick to feel or perceive things

เข้มข้น

khem khon — Intense; concentrated; strong in degree or quality

ยิ่ง

ying — Even more; increasingly; to a greater degree

นัก

nak — Expert; intensifier meaning very or greatly

จน

chon — Until; to the point that; poor (adjective)

เจ็บป่วย

chep puai — To be ill; to suffer from sickness or pain

น่า

na — Worthy of; likely to cause a feeling

รากฐาน

rak than — Foundation; basis; the fundamental base of something

นั่น

nan — That; that one; pointing to a specific thing

ผู้

phu — Person who; one who; nominalizing prefix for people

ชำนาญการ

chamnan kan — Expert; specialist; highly skilled in a field

ใจดี

jai di — Kind-hearted; generous; having a good heart

มิตร

mit — Friend; ally; a person who is friendly

เจาะ

cho — To pierce; to drill; to penetrate into something

ลึก

luek — Deep; profound; extending far down or inward

ส่วน

suan — Part; portion; a section of a whole

จิตใจ

chitchai — Mind; spirit; the mental and emotional inner self

ขุดค้น

khut khon — To excavate; to dig up and investigate thoroughly

หลักการ

lak kan — Principle; a fundamental rule or guiding belief

สอดส่อง

sot song — To spy; to pry; to observe secretly and closely

ทรงจำ

song cham — Memory; recollection; the ability to remember things

สำรวจ

samruat — To explore; to survey; to investigate an area

ทุก

thuk — Every; all; each without exception

การ

kan — Nominalizing prefix for actions or processes

สัมผัส

samphat — To touch; to sense; contact between two things

ระมัดระวัง

ramat rawang — Careful; cautious; taking care to avoid mistakes

ดั่ง

dang — Like; as; in the same manner as

ล่า

la — To hunt; to pursue prey or a target

สมบัติ

sombat — Treasure; wealth; valuable possessions or property

ถ้ำ

tham — Cave; a natural underground hollow space

มืด

muet — Dark; lacking light; obscure and hard to see