The Scarlet Letter — Page 173

Vocabulary

กระนั้น

kra-nan — Even so; nevertheless; despite that situation

เวลา

we-la — Time; a period or moment in time

ก็

ko — Also; then; particle indicating continuation or result

ผ่าน

phan — To pass through or go past something

ไป

pai — To go; away; directional particle indicating movement

ความ

khwam — Nominalizing prefix expressing abstract concepts or states

สนิทสนม

sa-nit-sa-nom — Intimate; closely familiar and friendly with someone

ชนิด

cha-nit — Type; kind; category of something

หนึ่ง

nueng — One; the number one; a certain one

ดัง

dang — Like; as; loud; as mentioned or described

ที่

thi — At; place; relative pronoun; classifier for places

เรา

rao — We; us; I (informal first-person pronoun)

ได้

dai — Can; to get; past tense auxiliary verb

กล่าว

klao — To say; to state; to mention formally

ไว้

wai — To keep; to place; auxiliary indicating prior action

ก่อ

ko — To cause; to build; to give rise to

ตัว

tua — Body; self; classifier for animals and objects

ขึ้น

khuen — To rise; up; directional particle indicating increase

ระหว่าง

ra-wang — Between; among; during a period of time

จิตใจ

jit-jai — Mind; heart; the inner emotional and mental self

ได้รับ

dai-rap — To receive; to obtain; to be given something

การ

kan — Nominalizing prefix for actions or processes

อบรม

op-rom — To train; to educate; to nurture and instruct

มา

ma — To come; directional particle indicating toward speaker

ดี

di — Good; well; fine; of positive quality

ทั้ง

thang — Both; all; entirely; inclusive of everything mentioned

สอง

song — Two; the number two

นี้

ni — This; these; referring to something nearby

ซึ่ง

sueng — Which; that; relative pronoun connecting clauses

มี

mi — To have; there is; to possess something

กว้างขวาง

kwang-khwang — Spacious; wide; extensive in area or scope

เท่า

thao — Equal to; as much as; equivalent amount

ขอบเขต

khop-khet — Boundary; limit; scope of something defined

ทั้งหมด

thang-mot — All; everything; the entire total amount

ของ

khong — Of; belonging to; possessive particle

ความคิด

khwam-khit — Thought; idea; opinion or mental concept

และ

lae — And; also; connecting words or clauses together

การศึกษา

kan-suek-sa — Education; the process of learning and studying

มนุษย์

ma-nut — Human being; humankind; a person

ให้

hai — To give; to allow; causative particle

พบปะ

phop-pa — To meet; to socialize; to encounter people

กัน

kan — Each other; together; mutual reciprocal action

พวกเขา

phuak-khao — They; them; referring to a group of people

ถกเถียง

thok-thiang — To debate; to argue; to discuss contentiously

ใน

nai — In; inside; within a place or context

ทุก

thuk — Every; all; each without exception

หัวข้อ

hua-kho — Topic; subject; heading of a discussion

เกี่ยวกับ

kiao-kap — About; regarding; concerning a particular subject

จริยธรรม

ja-ri-ya-tham — Ethics; morality; moral principles and conduct

ศาสนา

sat-sa-na — Religion; a system of faith and worship

เรื่อง

rueang — Story; matter; topic; affair or subject

กิจการ

kit-ja-kan — Affairs; business; activities or matters handled

สาธารณะ

sa-tha-ra-na — Public; relating to the general community or society

อุปนิสัย

up-pa-ni-sai — Character; habit; natural disposition or temperament

ส่วนตัว

suan-tua — Personal; private; relating to oneself individually

ต่าง

tang — Different; various; each respectively

พูดคุย

phut-khui — To chat; to talk casually with someone

มาก

mak — Much; many; a large amount or degree

ดู

du — To look; to watch; to seem or appear

เหมือน

muean — Like; similar to; resembling something else

เป็น

pen — To be; to exist as; linking verb

ตนเอง

ton-eng — Oneself; one's own self; reflexive pronoun

ความลับ

khwam-lap — Secret; confidential information kept hidden

ใดๆ

dai-dai — Any; whichever; any at all

แพทย์

phaet — Doctor; physician; medical professional

จินตนาการ

jin-ta-na-kan — Imagination; the ability to visualize creatively

ว่า

wa — That; to say; quotative and complementizer particle

ต้อง

tong — Must; have to; obliged to do something

อยู่

yu — To be at; to stay; to live somewhere

นั่น

nan — That; that one; referring to something distant

ไม่เคย

mai-khoei — Never; have never done something before

ลอด

lot — To slip through; to pass through a narrow space

ออกมา

ok-ma — To come out; to emerge from inside something

จาก

jak — From; originating from a place or source

จิตสำนึก

jit-sam-nuek — Conscience; moral awareness; inner ethical consciousness

บาทหลวง

bat-luang — Priest; Catholic priest or ordained clergy

สู่

su — To; toward; in the direction of something

หู

hu — Ear; the organ used for hearing

เพื่อน

phuean — Friend; companion; a close acquaintance

คู่สนทนา

khu-son-tha-na — Conversation partner; interlocutor; someone spoken with

เลย

loei — At all; so; then; emphatic particle

ผู้หลัง

phu-lang — The latter; the one mentioned last

นั้น

nan — That; those; referring to something previously mentioned

ความสงสัย

khwam-song-sai — Doubt; suspicion; a feeling of uncertainty

จริงๆ

jing-jing — Really; truly; genuinely; in fact

แม้แต่

mae-tae — Even; not even; emphasizing an extreme case

ลักษณะ

lak-sa-na — Characteristic; feature; quality or attribute of something

โรค

rok — Disease; illness; a medical condition or sickness

ทางกาย

thang-kai — Physical; relating to the body or bodily condition

ถูก

thuk — To be; passive marker; correct; cheap

เปิดเผย

poet-phoei — To reveal; to disclose; to make something public

เขา

khao — He; she; him; her; third-person pronoun

ทราบ

sap — To know; to be aware of something (formal)

อย่าง

yang — Way; manner; kind; in a certain style

ตรงไปตรงมา

trong-pai-trong-ma — Straightforward; direct; honest and frank in manner

ปิดบัง

pit-bang — To conceal; to hide; to keep something secret

แปลก

plaek — Strange; unusual; odd or unfamiliar

ประหลาด

pra-lat — Weird; bizarre; surprisingly strange or peculiar

ยิ่งนัก

ying-nak — Extremely; exceedingly; to a very great degree

ต่อมา

to-ma — Later; afterward; subsequently in time

ไม่นาน

mai-nan — Not long; soon; after a short time

ด้วย

duai — Also; too; with; by means of something

บอกใบ้

bok-bai — To hint; to give a clue indirectly

มิตรสหาย

mit-sa-hai — Friend; companion; a close associate or ally

จัดการ

jat-kan — To manage; to handle; to take care of

ทั้งสอง

thang-song — Both; the two together; referring to a pair

พัก

phak — To rest; to stay temporarily; to lodge

อาศัย

a-sai — To live; to reside; to depend on someone

บ้าน

ban — House; home; dwelling place

หลัง

lang — Behind; back; classifier for houses and buildings

เดียวกัน

diao-kan — The same; identical; one and the same

เพื่อ

phuea — In order to; for the purpose of something

ลง

long — To go down; to descend; directional particle downward

กระแส

kra-sae — Current; flow; stream or trend of something

ชีวิต

chi-wit — Life; existence; one's living experience

จะ

ja — Will; shall; future tense marker in Thai

สายตา

sai-ta — Eyesight; gaze; one's visual attention or vision

ผู้

phu — Person who; one who; nominalizing prefix for people

เป็นห่วงใย

pen-huang-yai — To be concerned about; to care for someone

ผูกพัน

phuk-phan — To be attached; bonded; emotionally connected to someone

กับ

kap — With; and; together with someone or something

ยินดีปรีดา

yin-di-pri-da — Delighted; very pleased; joyfully happy about something

อย่างมาก

yang-mak — Very much; greatly; to a large extent

ทั่ว

thua — Throughout; all over; everywhere across an area

เมือง

mueang — City; town; municipality or urban settlement

เมื่อ

muea — When; at the time that something occurred

เป้าหมาย

pao-mai — Goal; target; aim or objective to achieve

อัน

an — Classifier for various objects; a certain one

ปรารถนา

prat-tha-na — To desire; to wish; to long for something

อย่างยิ่ง

yang-ying — Extremely; very much; to the utmost degree

สำเร็จ

sam-ret — To succeed; to accomplish; to complete successfully

ลุล่วง

lu-luang — To accomplish; to get through; to complete smoothly

มัน

man — It; that thing; informal third-person pronoun

มอง

mong — To look at; to gaze; to view something

มาตรการ

mat-tra-kan — Measure; step; action taken to achieve something

ที่สุด

thi-sut — Most; the utmost; superlative degree marker

เป็นไป

pen-pai — To be possible; to happen; to go along

สำหรับ

sam-rap — For; intended for; in preparation for someone

สวัสดิภาพ

sa-wat-di-phap — Welfare; well-being; safety and good condition

นักบวช

nak-buат — Clergy; religious person; one who has taken vows

หนุ่ม

num — Young man; youthful; referring to a young male

ผู้นี้

phu-ni — This person; this one; referring to a specific individual

เว้นแต่ว่า

wen-tae-wa — Unless; except that; on the condition that not

มัก

mak — Usually; tend to; often do something habitually

เสนอแนะ

sa-noe-nae — To suggest; to recommend; to propose an idea

โดย

doi — By; through; by means of something

รู้สึก

ru-suek — To feel; to sense; to experience an emotion

ตน

ton — Oneself; self; reflexive pronoun (formal register)

สิทธิ์

sit — Right; entitlement; legitimate authority to do something

ทำ

tham — To do; to make; to perform an action

เช่นนั้น

chen-nan — Like that; in that way; in such a manner

เลือก

lueak — To choose; to select; to pick an option

หญิงสาว

ying-sao — Young woman; girl; a female of young age

ชีวิตชีวา

chi-wit-chi-wa — Lively; vibrant; full of life and energy

คน

khon — Person; people; human individual; classifier for people

บรรดา

ban-da — All those; the various; referring to a group collectively

มากมาย

mak-mai — Many; numerous; a great number or amount

อุทิศตน

u-thit-ton — To dedicate oneself; to devote one's life to

แก่

kae — To; for; old; aged; indirect object marker

ทาง

thang — Way; path; direction; means of doing something

จิตวิญญาณ

jit-win-yan — Spirit; soul; the spiritual essence of a person

ภรรยา

phan-ra-ya — Wife; a married woman; female spouse

ซื่อสัตย์

sue-sat — Honest; faithful; loyal and truthful in character