The Scarlet Letter — Page 186

Vocabulary

นักบวช

nák-bùat — A person who has taken religious vows; monk

ผู้

phûu — Person; one who; used before nouns or verbs

อ่อนไหว

òn-wǎi — Sensitive, easily affected emotionally

หด

hòt — To shrink, contract, or withdraw

ตัว

tua — Body; self; classifier for animals and objects

ด้วย

dûai — Also, too, with; used to indicate accompaniment

ความ

khwaam — Nominalizing prefix expressing abstract state or quality

กลัว

klua — To fear, be afraid of something

อย่าง

yàang — In a manner of; kind, type, way

ประหม่า

prà-màa — Nervous, timid, or flustered in manner

จาก

jàak — From; to leave or depart from

สิ่ง

sìng — Thing, object, or matter in general

ที่

thîi — At, which, that; place or location

ปา

paa — To throw or hurl something at a target

มา

maa — To come; indicates action toward the speaker

เบาๆ

bao-bao — Softly, gently, lightly in action or sound

นั้น

nán — That, those; refers to something previously mentioned

เมื่อ

mûea — When, at the time that something occurred

สังเกต

sǎng-gèet — To observe, notice, or pay attention to

เห็น

hěn — To see or perceive visually

อารมณ์

aa-rom — Emotion, mood, or feeling of a person

ของ

khǎawng — Of, belonging to; possessive particle in Thai

เขา

khǎo — He, she, they; third-person pronoun

ก็

gâaw — Also, then, well; discourse and connective particle

ตบ

tòp — To pat, slap, or clap lightly with hand

มือ

muue — Hand; the part of the body used to grasp

เล็กๆ

lék-lék — Very small, tiny, diminutive in size

เธอ

thəə — She, you (informal); second or third-person pronoun

ปีติ

pii-tì — Joy, delight, rapturous happiness or elation

ยินดี

yin-dii — Pleased, glad, happy to do something

สุด

sùt — Extreme, utmost, end; most in degree

ขีด

khìit — Limit, boundary, extreme degree of something

ไป

pai — To go; indicates action away from speaker

เถอะ

thə̀ — Come on, go ahead; urging particle in Thai

ไม่

mâi — No, not; negation particle in Thai

งั้น

ngán — Then, in that case; informal connective word

ชาย

chaai — Man, male; also refers to edge or bank

ชรา

chá-raa — Old age; elderly or aged state of a person

ดำ

dam — Black; the color black in Thai

โน่น

nôon — Over there, that place far away

จะ

jà — Will, going to; future tense marker in Thai

จับ

jàp — To catch, grab, or hold something firmly

แม่

mâe — Mother; female parent or term of address

ได้

dâai — Can, able to; also indicates past completion

บาทหลวง

bàat-lǔang — Catholic priest or Christian religious leader

ไว้

wái — To keep, retain; particle indicating maintained state

แล้ว

láew — Already, then; indicates completion of an action

จึง

jueng — Therefore, so, consequently; indicates result or conclusion

ดึง

dueng — To pull or tug something toward oneself

ออก

òok — Out, to exit or emerge from somewhere

การ

gaan — Nominalizing prefix for actions or processes; work

กระโดด

grà-dòot — To jump or leap into the air

เต้นรำ

tên-ram — To dance; performing rhythmic movement to music

และ

láe — And; conjunction connecting words or clauses

ซน

son — Mischievous, naughty, playfully troublesome (of children)

แปลก

plàek — Strange, unusual, odd, or unfamiliar

ประหลาด

prà-làat — Bizarre, weird, astonishing, or extraordinary

ท่าม

thâam — Amid, in the middle of; used in ท่ามกลาง

กลาง

glaang — Middle, center, amid; central position or time

เนิน

nəən — A hill, mound, or raised area of ground

ดิน

din — Soil, earth, ground, or dirt

คน

khon — Person, people; classifier for human beings

ตาย

taai — To die; dead or deceased

ดุจ

dùt — Like, as if, similar to (formal/literary)

ดัง

dang — Like, as; also means loud or famous

มี

mii — To have; there is or there are

ชีวิต

chii-wít — Life; the state of being alive

ใด

dai — Any, which, whichever; interrogative or relative pronoun

เหมือน

mǔean — Like, similar to, resembling something else

กับ

gàp — With, and, together; also a comparison particle

รุ่น

rûn — Generation, era, model, or batch of something

ล่วง

lûang — To pass, elapse, or go beyond a point

ถูก

thùuk — To be hit; correct; cheap; passive marker

ฝัง

fǎng — To bury something in the ground

ยอม

yoom — To yield, accept, or give in to something

รับ

ráp — To receive, accept, or take something

ว่า

wâa — That; to say; introduces reported speech or clause

ตน

ton — Oneself; reflexive pronoun referring to self

เอง

eeng — Oneself, itself; emphasizes self-action or identity

เป็น

pen — To be; indicates state, identity, or ability

ส่วน

sùan — Part, portion, section of a whole thing

หนึ่ง

nùeng — One; the number one or a single thing

มัน

man — It; informal pronoun for things or animals

ราวกับ

raao-gàp — As if, as though; used for comparisons

สร้าง

sâang — To build, create, or construct something

ขึ้น

khûen — Up, to rise; indicates increase or upward motion

ใหม่

mài — New, again, fresh; recently made or started

ธาตุ

thâat — Element, essence, fundamental substance or nature

จำ

jam — To remember, memorize, or recall something

ต้อง

tôong — Must, have to; indicates necessity or obligation

อนุญาต

à-nú-yâat — To permit, allow, or grant permission officially

ให้

hâi — To give; to allow; causative or purposive particle

ดำเนิน

dam-nəən — To proceed, carry on, or conduct an activity

กฎ

gòt — Rule, law, regulation, or established principle

ใน

nai — In, inside, within a place or period

โดย

dooi — By, through, by means of; indicates method

ถือ

thǔue — To hold, consider, or regard something as

ผิด

phìt — Wrong, incorrect, mistaken, or against the rules

แวว

waaeo — Glimmer, sign, trace, or hint of something

แห่ง

hàeng — Of, at; classifier for places or locations

เจ็บ

jèp — To hurt, feel pain, or be injured

ปวด

pùat — To ache, have a dull or throbbing pain

บน

bon — On, upon, above; on top of a surface

ใบหน้า

bai-nâa — Face; the front part of one's head

ซึ่ง

sûeng — Which, that; relative pronoun in formal Thai

ข้าพเจ้า

khâa-phá-jâo — I, me; formal or literary first-person pronoun

อยาก

yàak — To want, desire, or wish to do something

เลย

ləəi — At all, so, therefore; emphasizing particle in Thai

ยัง

yang — Still, yet; also indicates ongoing or continuing state

ดี

dii — Good, well, nice, fine, or virtuous