The Scarlet Letter — Page 210

Vocabulary

โบสถ์

bot — A religious building; church or temple

ของ

khong — Of; belonging to someone or something

และ

lae — And; connecting words or clauses together

บรรดา

banda — All of; the various; those among a group

สาว

sao — Young woman; girl; maiden

พรหมจารี

phrommajarī — Virgin; one who is chaste and pure

ผู้

phū — Person who; one who; classifier for people

บูชา

būchā — To worship; to revere or venerate something

ศาสนาจารย์

sātsanājān — Reverend; ordained religious minister or clergyman

ตน

ton — Oneself; reflexive pronoun referring to self

ราวกับ

rāo kap — As if; just like; as though something were

เทพเจ้า

thēp jao — God; deity; divine supernatural being

ได้

dāi — To get; can; indicates past tense or ability

สร้าง

sāng — To build; to create; to construct something

ศาลเจ้า

sān jao — Shrine; small sacred place of worship

ไว้

wai — To keep; to place; to retain for later

สำหรับ

samrap — For; intended for a specific person or purpose

เขา

khao — He; she; him; third person singular pronoun

ใน

nai — In; inside; within a place or time

อก

ok — Chest; breast; the front of the torso

อัน

an — Classifier for objects; one; a certain thing

ขาว

khao — White; the color white; pale in hue

บริสุทธิ์

borrisut — Pure; innocent; clean and morally untainted

พวกนาง

phūak nāng — They (female); those women; that group of women

ซึ่ง

sueng — Which; that; a relative pronoun connector

บัดนี้

bat nī — Now; at this moment; at present

ด้วย

dūay — With; also; by means of something

ความ

khwām — Abstract noun prefix; state or quality of

เร่งรีบ

rēng rīp — To hurry; to rush; to be in a hurry

สับสน

sap son — Confused; chaotic; in a state of disorder

แทบ

thaep — Almost; barely; nearly to a certain degree

จะ

ja — Will; going to; future tense marker

ไม่

mai — Not; no; negation particle in Thai

มี

mī — To have; there is; to exist

เวลา

wēlā — Time; a period or point in time

แม้แต่

maē tae — Even; not even; used for emphasis in negation

คลุม

khlum — To cover; to drape over something

ผ้า

phā — Cloth; fabric; piece of material

กล่าว

klāo — To say; to speak; to state formally

โดย

dōi — By; through; by means of a method

ย่อ

yō — Brief; summarized; to shorten or abbreviate

ผู้คน

phū khon — People; persons; folks in a general sense

ทั้งหลาย

thang lāi — All; everyone; all of the aforementioned people

พากัน

phā kan — Together; all doing something jointly or collectively

สะดุด

sadut — To stumble; to trip; to catch on something

ก้าว

kāo — Step; stride; to take a step forward

ออกมา

ok mā — To come out; to emerge from inside somewhere

จาก

jāk — From; away from; departing a place or person

ธรณีประตู

thoranī pratū — Threshold; doorstep; the base of a doorway

หัน

han — To turn; to face a different direction

ใบหน้า

bai nā — Face; the front of one's head

เต็มไป

tem pai — Full of; filled with; to be completely covered

ตกตะลึง

tok taleung — Astonished; stunned; struck with great surprise

สยดสยอง

sayot sayong — Horrified; terrified; filled with dread and horror

มายัง

mā yang — Coming to; toward; in the direction of

นั่งร้าน

nang rān — Scaffold; platform; structure used for public punishment

ประหาร

prahān — To execute; to put to death as punishment

พวกเขา

phūak khao — They; them; a group of people (third person)

มองเห็น

mong hen — To see; to catch sight of something

ใคร

khrai — Who; whoever; which person

อยู่

yū — To be; to stay; to remain at a location

ที่นั่น

thī nan — There; at that place; over there

ใต้

tāi — Under; below; beneath something

แสงแดด

saeng daet — Sunlight; the light coming from the sun

สีแดง

sī daeng — Red; the color red

ทิศ

thit — Direction; cardinal point; compass direction

ตะวันออก

tawan ok — East; the eastern direction where sun rises

ที่

thī — At; which; that; a relative or place marker

ส่อง

song — To shine; to illuminate; to beam light onto

ลงมา

long mā — To come down; to descend toward a lower place

ยัง

yang — Still; yet; also; still continuing an action

หน้าผาก

nā phāk — Forehead; the front upper part of the face

เล่า

lao — Indeed; you see; narrative particle for emphasis

หาก

hāk — If; in the event that; a conditional conjunction

มิใช่

mi chai — Is not; it is not; formal negation

ท่าน

thān — You (formal/respectful); an honorific second-person pronoun

หนาว

nāo — Cold; chilly; feeling cold temperature

อับอาย

ap āi — Ashamed; embarrassed; feeling humiliation or disgrace

ยืน

yeun — To stand; to be in a standing position

ณ

na — At; in (formal/literary); at a specific location

จุด

jut — Point; spot; dot; a specific location or place

เดียวกับ

diao kap — Same as; identical to; at the same place

เคย

khoei — Used to; ever; once did something in the past

ถูก

thūk — To be subjected to; passive marker; to be acted upon

สยองขวัญ

sayong khwan — Horrifying; terrifying; causing extreme fear or dread

พิกล

phikon — Strange; odd; bizarre; peculiar and unsettling

ภาพ

phāp — Image; picture; visual scene or representation

นั้น

nan — That; those; referring to something previously mentioned

พัดพา

phat phā — To sweep away; to carry off by force

ไป

pai — To go; away; directional particle moving away

ก็

ko — Then; also; so; a connective particle in Thai

ไม่รู้ตัว

mai rū tūa — Unaware; unconsciously; without realizing or knowing

ต่อ

to — Against; toward; per; next; continuing onward

ตกใจ

tok jai — Startled; frightened suddenly; to be shocked

สุดขีด

sut khīt — Extreme; to the utmost degree; at the limit

ตัวเอง

tūa eng — Oneself; themselves; by one's own self

ระเบิด

raboet — To explode; to burst out; an explosion

เสียง

siang — Sound; voice; noise; an audible expression

หัวเราะ

hūa ro — To laugh; laughter; the act of laughing

อย่าง

yāng — In a manner; like; a way of doing something

กึกก้อง

kuek kong — Resounding; booming; loud and reverberating sound

ทันใดนั้น

than dai nan — Suddenly; at that instant; all at once

เสียงหัวเราะ

siang hūa ro — The sound of laughter; a laughing sound

เบาๆ

bao bao — Softly; gently; in a light and quiet manner

ลอยๆ

loi loi — Floating; drifting; in an airy disconnected way

เด็กๆ

dek dek — Children; kids; childlike in a general sense

ตอบรับ

top rap — To respond; to answer back; to reply positively

มา

mā — To come; toward the speaker; directional particle

รู้สึก

rū suek — To feel; to sense; to be aware of a feeling

สะดุ้งใจ

sadung jai — To be startled; to feel a jolt of surprise

แต่

tae — But; however; yet; a contrastive conjunction

ไม่รู้

mai rū — To not know; to be unaware of something

ว่า

wā — That; saying; introduces a quoted clause

เป็น

pen — To be; is; to exist as something

เจ็บปวด

jep pūat — Pain; to hurt; to feel physical or emotional pain

สุด

sut — Most; extreme; utmost; at the very end

ประณีต

pranīt — Exquisite; refined; delicate and finely made

หรือ

rū — Or; whether; used to present alternatives

ความสุข

khwām suk — Happiness; joy; a state of being happy

เฉียบพลัน

chīap phlan — Sudden; acute; occurring sharply and immediately

จำ

jam — To remember; to recognize; to recall something

น้อย

noi — Little; small amount; few; not much

ร้องเรียก

rong rīak — To call out to; to shout out someone's name

หลังจาก

lang jāk — After; following; subsequent to a certain event

หยุดนิ่ง

yut ning — To stop still; to freeze; to become motionless

ชั่วขณะ

chua khana — A moment; a brief instant; a short while

แล้ว

laeo — Already; then; after that; completion marker

กด

kot — To press; to push down; to apply pressure

ลง

long — Down; to descend; downward directional particle

คุณ

khun — You (polite); Mr./Ms.; a respectful second-person pronoun

ไหม

māi — Question particle; right?; used to form yes/no questions

ใช่

chai — Yes; correct; that's right; affirmative answer

ฉัน

chan — I; me; first-person pronoun (informal, often female)

เอง

eng — Self; myself; by oneself; emphasizes personal identity

นาง

nāng — She; Mrs.; a female title or pronoun

ตอบ

top — To answer; to respond; to reply to a question

น้ำเสียง

nām siang — Tone of voice; manner of speaking; vocal quality

ประหลาดใจ

pralāt jai — Surprised; astonished; feeling unexpected wonder or shock

ได้ยิน

dāi yin — To hear; to be able to hear a sound

เท้า

thāo — Foot; feet; the lower extremity of the leg

เดิน

doēn — To walk; to go on foot; to stroll

เข้ามา

khao mā — To come in; to enter; to move inside

ทางเท้า

thāng thāo — Footpath; sidewalk; pedestrian walkway

กำลัง

kamlang — Currently; in the process of; progressive aspect marker

ผ่านมา

phān mā — To pass by; to come past; passing through

มาจาก

mā jāk — Coming from; originating from a place or source

ไหน

nāi — Where; which place; used in questions about location

ถาม

thām — To ask; to question; to inquire about something

อะไร

arai — What; anything; used in questions about things

พา

phā — To bring; to take along; to lead someone

ที่นี่

thī nī — Here; at this place; in this location