The Scarlet Letter — Page 261

Vocabulary

ความตาย

khwaam taai — The state of being dead; death.

เป็น

pen — To be; exists as something.

สิ่ง

sing — A thing; an object or matter.

ที่

thîi — That; which; a relative pronoun or place marker.

แน่นอน

nâe non — Certain; definite; without doubt.

เกินไป

kooen pai — Too much; excessively beyond a limit.

จะ

ja — Will; future tense marker in Thai.

ปรารถนา

praat-tha-naa — To desire; to wish or long for something.

หรือ

rʉ̌ʉ — Or; a conjunction offering alternatives.

หลีกเลี่ยง

lìik lîiang — To avoid; to evade or steer clear of.

ใน

nai — In; inside; within a space or context.

สายตา

saai taa — Eyesight; gaze or line of vision.

ของ

khɔ̌ɔng — Of; belonging to someone or something.

บาทหลวง

bàat lǔang — A Catholic priest or Christian minister.

ไม่

mâi — Not; negation particle in Thai.

แสดง

sa-daeng — To show; to display or perform something.

อาการ

aa-kaan — Symptom; sign or condition of health.

ความทุกข์ทรมาน

khwaam thúk tha-rá-maan — Suffering; great pain or anguish experienced.

ชัดเจน

chát jeen — Clear; obvious and easy to understand.

และ

lɛ́ — And; a conjunction connecting words or clauses.

รุนแรง

run raeng — Severe; intense or violent in degree.

แต่อย่างใด

tàe yàang dai — In any way; used in negative constructions meaning at all.

นอกจาก

nôok jàak — Except; besides or other than something.

ว่า

wâa — That; a complementizer introducing reported speech.

ดัง

dang — Loud; as; like; also means famous.

น้อย

nɔ́ɔi — Few; little; small in amount or degree.

ได้

dâai — Can; able to; also marks past or completion.

สังเกต

sǎng-kèet — To observe; to notice or pay attention to.

ไว้

wái — To keep; retain; used as a resultative verb particle.

เขา

khǎo — He; she; they; third-person pronoun in Thai.

วาง

waang — To place; to put something down somewhere.

มือ

mʉʉ — Hand; the body part used for grasping.

บน

bon — On; above; on top of a surface.

หัวใจ

hǔa jai — Heart; the organ or emotional center of a person.

ตน

ton — Oneself; a reflexive pronoun referring to self.

เสมอ

sa-mǒo — Always; consistently; all the time.

แม้

mɛ́ɛ — Even though; although; despite the fact that.

เดิน

dooen — To walk; to move on foot.

ช้า

cháa — Slow; not moving or happening quickly.

เพียงใด

phiang dai — However much; to whatever degree or extent.

ก็

kɔ̂ɔ — Also; then; a particle linking conditions and results.

เกือบ

kʉ̀ap — Almost; nearly reaching a certain point.

ผ่าน

phàan — To pass; to go through or by something.

ไป

pai — To go; directional particle indicating away movement.

แล้ว

lɛ́ɛo — Already; then; indicates completion of an action.

ก่อน

kɔ̀ɔn — Before; prior to something in time.

สามารถ

sǎa-mâat — To be able to; capable of doing something.

รวบรวม

rûap ruam — To gather; to collect or assemble together.

เสียง

sǐang — Sound; voice; a noise made by someone.

ให้

hâi — To give; to cause; a causative or benefactive particle.

พอ

phɔɔ — Enough; sufficient; just as soon as.

ดึงดูด

dʉng dùut — To attract; to draw attention or interest.

ความสนใจ

khwaam sǒn jai — Interest; curiosity or attention directed toward something.

ที่สุด

thîi sùt — The most; superlative degree marker in Thai.

เธอ

thəə — She; you (informal); second or third-person feminine pronoun.

สำเร็จ

sǎm-rèt — To succeed; to accomplish or achieve a goal.

พูด

phûut — To speak; to say or talk to someone.

แผ่วเบา

phàeo bao — Softly; in a faint or gentle voice.

ตอนแรก

toon râek — At first; initially at the beginning.

จึง

jʉng — Therefore; then; consequently as a result.

ขึ้น

khʉ̂n — Up; to rise; directional particle indicating upward.

แต่

tàe — But; however; a contrastive conjunction.

แหบพร่า

hàep phrâa — Hoarse; raspy and rough-sounding voice.

ใคร

khrai — Who; which person; interrogative pronoun.

ตอบ

tòop — To answer; to respond to a question.

สติ

sa-ti — Consciousness; composure; presence of mind.

อย่าง

yàang — In a manner; a way or kind of something.

รวดเร็ว

rûat reo — Quick; fast; moving or acting with speed.

ยืน

yʉʉn — To stand; to be upright on one's feet.

ตัวตรง

tua trong — Standing upright; with a straight body posture.

เช่น

chên — Such as; for example; like something specified.

ชาย

chaai — Man; male person; also means edge or shore.

ผู้

phûu — Person who; one who does something.

ถูก

thùuk — To be hit; to receive an action; also means correct.

จับ

jàp — To catch; to grab or arrest someone.

โดย

dooi — By; through; a preposition indicating means or agent.

ทัน

than — In time; to catch up; not too late.

ตั้งตัว

tâng tua — To compose oneself; to prepare or brace oneself.

อารมณ์

aa-rom — Emotion; mood or feeling experienced by someone.

ต้องการ

tɔ̂ng kaan — To want; to need or require something.

มี

mii — To have; there is or there are.

พยาน

pha-yaan — Witness; someone who sees or testifies to events.

กวาด

kwàat — To sweep; to scan broadly across an area.

ด้วย

dûai — With; also; by means of something.

ความกังวล

khwaam kang-won — Worry; anxiety or concern about something uncertain.

ยัง

yang — Still; yet; also used to mean to, toward.

ทิศทาง

thít thaang — Direction; the course or way something moves.

นั้น

nán — That; those; a demonstrative pronoun for distant things.

มองเห็น

mɔɔng hěn — To see; to visually perceive something clearly.

รูปร่าง

rûup râang — Shape; figure; the outward form of a person.

หนึ่ง

nʉ̀ng — One; a single unit; the number one.

ใต้

tâi — Under; beneath; below something else.

ต้นไม้

tôn máai — Tree; a large woody plant growing upward.

สวม

sùam — To wear; to put on clothing or accessories.

เสื้อผ้า

sʉ̂a phâa — Clothes; clothing or garments worn on the body.

สี

sǐi — Color; hue; also means four in Thai.

ทึมเทา

thʉm thao — Dull gray; dark and gloomy in color.

แทบ

thâep — Almost; barely; hardly able to do something.

กลืน

klʉʉn — To swallow; to merge and become indistinguishable.

กับ

kàp — With; and; together with someone or something.

แสงสลัว

sǎeng sa-lǔa — Dim light; faint and weak illumination.

เทา

thao — Gray; a neutral color between black and white.

ท้องฟ้า

thɔ́ɔng fáa — Sky; the expanse of air above the earth.

ครึ้ม

khrʉ́m — Overcast; cloudy and gloomy sky conditions.

ใบไม้

bai máai — Leaf; leaves of a plant or tree.

หนาทึบ

nǎa thʉp — Dense; thick and impenetrable in coverage.

ทำให้

tham hâi — To make; to cause something to happen.

เวลา

wee-laa — Time; a period or moment in the day.

เที่ยงวัน

thîiang wan — Noon; midday; twelve o'clock in the day.

มืด

mʉ̂ʉt — Dark; absence of light; gloomy conditions.

ลง

long — Down; to descend; directional particle downward.

จน

jon — Until; so much that; also means poor.

รู้

rúu — To know; to understand or be aware of.

นั่น

nân — That over there; a demonstrative for something distant.

คือ

khʉʉ — Is; means; used to define or equate things.

ผู้หญิง

phûu yǐng — Woman; female person; an adult female human.

เงา

ngao — Shadow; shade; a dark silhouette of something.

อาจ

àat — May; might; expressing possibility or uncertainty.

เส้นทาง

sên thaang — Path; route; the way taken to reach somewhere.

ชีวิต

chii-wít — Life; existence; one's living journey and experience.

หลอกหลอน

lɔ̀ɔk lɔ̌ɔn — To haunt; to frighten with ghostly presence.

เช่นนี้

chên níi — Like this; in this manner or way.

ภูตผี

phûut phǐi — Ghost; spirit; supernatural entity or specter.

แอบ

ɛ̀ɛp — To sneak; to hide and do something secretly.

ออกมา

ɔ̀ɔk maa — To come out; to emerge from inside somewhere.

จาก

jàak — From; away from; originating at a source.

ความคิด

khwaam khít — Thought; idea; something conceived in the mind.

เอง

eeng — Oneself; by itself; emphasizes personal agency.

ก้าว

kâao — Step; to step forward; a stride taken.

เข้าไป

khâo pai — To go into; to enter a place or space.

ใกล้

klâi — Near; close in distance to something.

อีก

ìik — More; another; again; additionally.

พบเห็น

phóp hěn — To encounter; to see and find something.

อักษร

àk-sɔ̌ɔn — Letter; character; written symbol of an alphabet.

แดงเลือดนก

dɛɛng lʉ̂at nók — Scarlet; bright vivid red like bird's blood.

กล่าว

klàao — To say; to state or declare something formally.

มีชีวิต

mii chii-wít — Alive; having life; existing as a living being.

อยู่

yùu — To be at; to stay; existence at a place.

ใช่แล้ว

châi lɛ́ɛo — Yes, that's right; an affirmative confirmation.

ข้า

khâa — I; me; an archaic or formal first-person pronoun.

ดำเนิน

dam-nəən — To proceed; to carry on or conduct something.

มา

maa — To come; directional particle indicating toward speaker.

ตลอด

ta-lòot — Throughout; all along; the entire duration of.

เจ็ดปี

jèt pii — Seven years; a span of seven annual periods.

ผ่านมา

phàan maa — Have passed; referring to time that has elapsed.

เจ้า

jâo — You; lord; an archaic or formal second-person pronoun.