The Scarlet Letter — Page 295

Vocabulary

และ

lae — Conjunction meaning 'and', connecting words or clauses.

ก็

ko — Particle meaning 'also', 'then', or 'so'.

อยู่

yu — To be located somewhere; to exist or stay.

ที่

thi — At, which, that; a place or relative pronoun.

นั่น

nan — That; demonstrative pronoun referring to something distant.

ด้วย

duay — Also, too, with; used to add or include.

เธอ

thoe — She, her, or you (informal, often feminine reference).

เต้นรำ

ten ram — To dance; performing rhythmic movement to music.

อย่าง

yang — Like, in a manner of; used to describe how.

เบา

bao — Light in weight or soft in intensity.

สบาย

sabai — Comfortable, at ease, feeling well and relaxed.

จาก

chak — From; indicating origin or departure point.

ริม

rim — Edge, bank, or beside something such as water.

ลำธาร

lam than — A stream or small flowing body of water.

บัดนี้

bat ni — Now, at this moment; used in formal contexts.

บุคคล

bukkhon — A person or individual human being.

สาม

sam — The number three.

ผู้

phu — Person who; a prefix indicating a doer or agent.

บุกรุก

bukruk — To trespass, invade, or intrude into a place.

ได้

dai — Can, could, to get; indicates ability or past tense.

ไป

pai — To go; indicates movement away from speaker.

แล้ว

laeo — Already, then, done; indicates completed action.

กลับ

klap — To return, go back; reverse direction or action.

มา

ma — To come; movement toward the speaker.

ยืน

yuen — To stand upright on one's feet.

ใน

nai — In, inside, within a place or context.

เดิม

doem — Original, former, as it was before.

ข้างๆ

khang khang — Beside, next to, alongside something or someone.

แม่

mae — Mother; female parent.

ของ

khong — Of, belonging to; possessive particle in Thai.

ดังนั้น

dang nan — Therefore, thus, so; indicates logical consequence.

บาทหลวง

bat luang — A Catholic priest or Christian clergy member.

จึง

chueng — Therefore, consequently; shows result of previous action.

มิได้

mi dai — Did not, have not; formal negative past marker.

หลับ

lap — To sleep; to be in a sleeping state.

ฝัน

fan — To dream; a vision experienced during sleep.

เพื่อ

phuea — In order to, for the purpose of achieving something.

ปลดปล่อย

plot ploi — To release, free, or liberate from restraint.

จิตใจ

chit chai — Mind, heart, spirit; inner emotional state.

เขา

khao — He, she, him, her; third-person pronoun.

ความ

khwam — Prefix nominalizing adjectives or verbs into abstract nouns.

ไม่

mai — No, not; main negation particle in Thai.

ชัดเจน

chat chen — Clear, distinct, unambiguous in meaning or appearance.

หลอกลวง

lok luang — To deceive, trick, or mislead someone dishonestly.

รู้สึก

ru suek — To feel, sense, or perceive an emotion.

ทำให้

tham hai — To cause, make, or cause something to happen.

เกิด

koet — To occur, happen, or be born.

สงบ

sangop — Calm, peaceful, quiet; free from disturbance.

อัน

an — Classifier for small objects; also means 'which/that'.

แปลก

plaek — Strange, unusual, odd, or unfamiliar.

ประหลาด

pralat — Bizarre, peculiar, surprisingly strange or unexpected.

ระลึก

raluek — To recall, remember, or recollect something past.

กำหนด

kamnot — To set, determine, plan, or schedule something.

แผนการ

phaen kan — A plan, scheme, or organized course of action.

ตัว

tua — Body, self, or classifier for animals and objects.

เอง

eng — Self, oneself; emphasizes the subject acting alone.

วาง

wang — To place, put down, or set something somewhere.

ไว้

wai — To keep, store, or place for future use.

สำหรับ

samrap — For, intended for a specific person or purpose.

การ

kan — Nominalizing prefix for actions or processes.

พวกเขา

phuak khao — They, them; third-person plural pronoun.

ให้

hai — To give; also indicates causative or purpose.

ยิ่ง

ying — Even more, increasingly; intensifier for comparison.

ขึ้น

khuen — To go up, rise, increase; upward direction particle.

ตกลง

toklong — To agree, to settle, or to decide upon.

กัน

kan — Together, each other; mutual action particle.

ว่า

wa — That; introduces a reported speech or clause.

โลก

lok — The world, earth, or universe.

เก่า

kao — Old, aged, worn; not new or modern.

พร้อม

phrom — Ready, prepared, or complete for action.

ฝูงชน

fung chon — A crowd or large gathering of people.

เมือง

mueang — City, town, or country; an inhabited settlement.

ต่างๆ

tang tang — Various, different kinds; indicates plurality and variety.

นั้น

nan — That, those; demonstrative referring to known thing.

มอบ

mop — To hand over, give, or present something formally.

หลบภัย

lop phai — To take refuge or shelter from danger.

ปกปิด

pokpit — To conceal, hide, or cover something up.

เหมาะสม

mo som — Appropriate, suitable, fitting for the situation.

กว่า

kwa — More than, comparative particle for comparison.

แก่

kae — To, for; also means old or elderly.

มากกว่า

mak kwa — More than; greater in quantity or degree.

ดินแดน

din daen — Territory, land, or region of a place.

รกร้าง

rok rang — Abandoned, desolate, overgrown with weeds or vegetation.

หรือ

rue — Or; used to present alternatives or ask questions.

อเมริกา

america — America; the continent or United States of America.

ทั้งหมด

thang mot — All, everything, the whole total amount.

ไม่ว่า

mai wa — No matter, regardless of; introduces any condition.

จะ

cha — Will, going to; future tense marker in Thai.

เป็น

pen — To be; indicates state, identity, or condition.

กระท่อม

kratom — A hut, cottage, or small simple dwelling.

ชาว

chao — People of; prefix indicating nationality or group membership.

แดง

daeng — Red; the color red.

ชุมชน

chumchon — Community, settlement, or group living together.

เล็กๆ

lek lek — Small, tiny; reduplication emphasizes smallness.

น้อยๆ

noi noi — Little, few; reduplication emphasizes smallness in amount.

ยุโรป

yurope — Europe; the continent of Europe.

กระจัดกระจาย

krachat krachai — Scattered, dispersed, spread out in various directions.

ตาม

tam — Along, according to, following something or someone.

แนว

naeo — Line, direction, trend, or zone of something.

ชายฝั่ง

chai fang — Coastline, shore, the edge of land by sea.

ยัง

yang — Still, yet; indicates ongoing state or action.

ต้อง

tong — Must, have to; indicates obligation or necessity.

พูดถึง

phut thueng — To mention, talk about, or refer to something.

สุขภาพ

sukhaphap — Health; the physical or mental condition of someone.

นักบวช

nak buат — A member of clergy, monk, or religious person.

เพียงพอ

phiang pho — Sufficient, enough, adequate for a purpose.

ต่อ

to — Against, per, to continue; various connecting meanings.

ทนทาน

thon than — Durable, resistant, able to endure hardship.

ยากลำบาก

yak lambak — Difficult, hard, full of hardship and struggle.

ชีวิต

chiwit — Life; the existence or living of a person.

ป่า

pa — Forest, jungle, or wild woodland area.

พร

phon — Blessing, gift, or divine grace bestowed upon someone.

สวรรค์

sawan — Heaven, paradise; a divine blissful afterlife realm.

โดย

doi — By, through, via; indicates means or agent.

กำเนิด

kamnoet — Birth, origin; the beginning of existence.

การศึกษา

kan sueksa — Education; the process of learning and being taught.

พัฒนาการ

phatthanakan — Development, growth, progress over time.

รับประกัน

rap prakan — To guarantee, assure, or warrant something.

มี

mi — To have, there is/are; indicates possession or existence.

บ้าน

ban — Home, house; a place where one lives.

เฉพาะ

chapho — Specific, particular, exclusive to one thing.

ท่ามกลาง

tham klang — In the midst of, surrounded by, among.

อารยธรรม

arayatham — Civilization; advanced human social and cultural development.

ประณีต

pranit — Refined, delicate, exquisite in craft or manner.

งดงาม

ngot ngam — Beautiful, elegant, graceful in appearance.

เท่านั้น

thao nan — Only, just that and nothing more.

สังคม

sangkhom — Society; a community of people living together.

สูงส่ง

sung song — Lofty, noble, elevated in status or moral character.

เพียงใด

phiang dai — How much, to what extent; asks degree or amount.

ผู้ชาย

phu chai — A man, male person.

คน

khon — Person, people; classifier for human beings.

ปรับตัว

prap tua — To adapt oneself, adjust to new conditions.

เข้า

khao — To enter, go in, move inward.

กับ

kap — With, and; connects nouns or indicates accompaniment.

มัน

man — It; third-person pronoun for things or animals.

ละเอียด

la-iat — Detailed, fine, precise, or thorough in nature.

อ่อน

on — Soft, gentle, tender, or weak.

มาก

mak — Many, much, very; indicates large quantity or degree.

เพียง

phiang — Only, merely, just; limits scope or quantity.

สนับสนุน

sanap sanun — To support, back up, or advocate for something.

ตัดสินใจ

tat sin chai — To make a decision or reach a conclusion.

นี้

ni — This; demonstrative pronoun for nearby things.

บังเอิญ

By chance, accidentally, coincidentally happening.

เรือ

ruea — A boat or ship used for water travel.

ลำ

lam — Classifier for boats, aircraft; also means body of water.

หนึ่ง

nueng — One; the number one.

จอด

chot — To park or dock a vehicle, boat, or car.

ท่าเรือ

tha ruea — A harbor or port where ships dock.

ลาดตระเวน

lat traven — To patrol, reconnoiter, or scout an area.

น่า

na — Worthy of, deserving; precedes adjectives to suggest feeling.

สงสัย

song sai — To wonder, suspect, or be curious about something.

เหล่า

lao — Those, group of; plural marker for people or things.

ซึ่ง

sueng — Which, that; relative pronoun connecting clauses.

พบ

phop — To meet, find, or encounter someone or something.

บ่อย

boi — Often, frequently, repeatedly occurring.

ยุค

yuk — Era, age, epoch; a period of historical time.

แม้

mae — Even, although, even though; concessive conjunction.

ถึง

thueng — To reach, arrive at, until, up to.

โจรสลัด

chon salat — A pirate; one who attacks and robs ships.

ทะเล

thale — The sea or ocean.

ลึก

luek — Deep; having great depth below the surface.

แต่

tae — But, however; introduces contrast or exception.

แล่น

laen — To sail, run, or move swiftly (of vessels).

บน

bon — On, above, on top of a surface.

ผิวน้ำ

phiu nam — The surface of water; the top layer of water.

ไร้

rai — Without, lacking; prefix meaning absence of something.

รับผิดชอบ

rap phit chop — To be responsible or accountable for something.

เห็น

hen — To see or perceive visually.

ชัด

chat — Clear, distinct, sharp in vision or meaning.

เพิ่ง

phoeng — Just, just now; indicates recently completed action.

ภายใน

phai nai — Within, inside, interior of a place or time.

วัน

wan — Day; a period of 24 hours.

ออก

ok — To exit, go out, come out from somewhere.

เดินทาง

doen thang — To travel, make a journey from one place to another.