The Scarlet Letter — Page 314

Vocabulary

เด็กๆ

dek dek — Children; young ones (plural form of child)

มัก

mak — Tend to; usually; often do something habitually

จะ

ja — Will; future tense marker in Thai

มี

mee — To have; to exist; there is

ความ

khwaam — Abstract noun prefix indicating a state or quality

เห็น

hen — To see; to notice; to perceive visually

อก

ok — Chest; breast; the front torso area

ใจ

jai — Heart; mind; inner feelings or emotions

ใน

nai — In; inside; within a place or context

วุ่นวาย

wun waai — Chaotic; turbulent; full of confusion and disorder

ของ

khong — Of; belonging to; possessive particle

ผู้

phuu — Person; one who; prefix indicating a person

ที่

thii — That; which; relative pronoun or place marker

เกี่ยวข้อง

kiao khong — Related to; involved with; connected to something

กับ

kap — With; together with; and (between nouns)

พวกเขา

phuak khao — They; them; third person plural pronoun

เสมอ

sa-moe — Always; consistently; every time without exception

โดยเฉพาะ

doi cha-phoh — Especially; particularly; in specific reference to something

อย่างยิ่ง

yaang ying — Extremely; very much; to a great degree

รู้สึก

ruu-suek — To feel; to sense an emotion or sensation

ได้

dai — Can; able to; past tense or ability marker

ถึง

thueng — To reach; until; about; concerning something

ทุกข์ยาก

thuk yaak — Suffering; hardship; experiencing difficulty and distress

หรือ

rue — Or; question particle at end of sentence

การ

kaan — Prefix nominalizing verbs; act of doing something

เปลี่ยนแปลง

plian plaeng — To change; to transform; to alter significantly

กำลัง

kam-lang — Currently; in the process of; progressive aspect marker

เกิดขึ้น

koet khueen — To occur; to happen; to take place

ไม่ว่า

mai waa — Regardless of; no matter what; whether or not

เป็น

pen — To be; to exist as; linking verb

ประเภท

pra-pheet — Type; category; kind or classification of something

ใด

dai — Any; which; whichever; interrogative pronoun

สถานการณ์

sa-thaan-na-kaan — Situation; circumstances; current state of affairs

ภายใน

phaai nai — Inside; within; interior of a place

บ้าน

baan — Home; house; place of residence

และ

lae — And; also; connecting two words or clauses

ด้วย

duai — Also; too; with; because of something

เหตุ

het — Cause; reason; basis for something happening

นี้

nii — This; referring to something nearby or just mentioned

ดั่ง

dang — Like; as; resembling something else

อัญมณี

an-ya-ma-nee — Gemstone; jewel; precious stone of great value

บน

bon — On; above; on top of a surface

อัน

an — Classifier for objects; one; a certain thing

กระสับกระส่าย

kra-sap kra-saai — Restless; agitated; unable to stay calm or still

แม่

mae — Mother; mom; female parent

จึง

jueng — Therefore; so; consequently as a result

เปิดเผย

poet phoei — To reveal; to disclose; to make something known

เต้นรำ

ten ram — To dance; to move rhythmically to music

แห่ง

haeng — Of; from; classifier for places or locations

จิตวิญญาณ

jit-wi-nyaan — Soul; spirit; the inner spiritual essence of a person

เธอ

thoe — She; her; you (informal feminine pronoun)

เอง

eeng — Oneself; by oneself; emphasizing self-action

ซึ่ง

sueng — Which; that; relative pronoun linking clauses

อารมณ์

aa-rom — Mood; emotion; feeling or temperament

ไม่

mai — Not; negation particle in Thai sentences

ใคร

khrai — Who; anyone; somebody; interrogative pronoun for person

สามารถ

saa-maat — Can; able to; capable of doing something

สังเกต

sang-ket — To observe; to notice; to pay careful attention

จาก

jaak — From; away from; originating at a point

นิ่งเฉย

ning choei — To remain still; to stay quiet; motionless and indifferent

หิน

hin — Stone; rock; hard mineral material

อ่อน

on — Soft; gentle; mild; not hard or strong

หน้าผาก

naa phaak — Forehead; the front upper part of the face

เบิกบานใจ

boek baan jai — Cheerful; joyful; feeling happy and uplifted inside

ทำให้

tham hai — To make; to cause; to cause something to happen

โผผิน

phoh phin — To flit; to flutter; moving lightly and quickly

ท่าทาง

thaa thaang — Manner; gesture; way of moving or behaving

นก

nok — Bird; a feathered flying animal

แทนที่

thaen thii — Instead of; replacing; substituting for something else

เดิน

doen — To walk; to move on foot

เคียง

khiang — Beside; alongside; next to something or someone

ข้าง

khaang — Side; beside; next to; flank

ส่ง

song — To send; to emit; to deliver something somewhere

เสียง

siang — Sound; voice; noise produced by something

ร้อง

rong — To sing; to cry; to make a vocal sound

อย่าง

yaang — In a manner; like; type or kind of something

ต่อเนื่อง

to nueng — Continuous; ongoing; happening without interruption

ดนตรี

don-tree — Music; the art of sound and rhythm

ป่าเถื่อน

paa thuean — Wild; savage; uncivilized or untamed in nature

ท่วงทำนอง

thuang tham-nong — Melody; tune; the rhythmic flow of music

บางครั้ง

baang khrang — Sometimes; occasionally; not always happening

ก็

ko — Also; then; particle showing continuation or contrast

แหลมคม

laem khom — Sharp; piercing; having a keen cutting quality

เมื่อ

muea — When; at the time that something happened

ไป

pai — To go; to move away; directional marker

ตลาด

ta-laat — Market; marketplace; area for buying and selling goods

ยิ่ง

ying — Even more; increasingly; to a greater extent

มาก

maak — Very; much; a lot; in great quantity

ขึ้น

khueen — Up; increase; rise; directional particle upward

คึกคัก

khuek khak — Lively; bustling; full of energy and activity

สถานที่

sa-thaan thii — Place; location; a specific spot or venue

นั้น

nan — That; those; referring to something previously mentioned

ชีวิตชีวา

chii-wit chii-waa — Lively; vibrant; full of life and energy

เพราะ

phro — Because; since; the reason for something

โดย

doi — By; through; by means of something

ปกติ

pa-ka-ti — Normal; usual; ordinary; under regular circumstances

แล้ว

laeo — Already; then; after that; completion marker

นั่น

nan — That (over there); referring to something at distance

เงียบเหงา

ngiap ngao — Quiet and lonely; desolate; eerily silent and empty

สนามหญ้า

sa-naam yaa — Lawn; grassy field; open green outdoor area

กว้างใหญ่

kwaang yai — Vast; wide; spacious and large in size

หน้า

naa — Face; front; page; in front of something

ศาลา

saa-laa — Pavilion; hall; open-sided public gathering shelter

ประชุม

pra-chum — To meet; to assemble; a gathering or meeting

หมู่บ้าน

muu baan — Village; small rural community or settlement

มากกว่า

maak kwaa — More than; greater than in quantity or degree

ศูนย์กลาง

suun klaang — Center; hub; central point of activity

ธุรกิจ

thu-ra-kit — Business; commerce; trade or commercial activity

เมือง

mueang — City; town; urban area or region

นี่

nii — This (here); pointing to something close by

มัน

man — It; that thing; third person pronoun for things

อะไร

a-rai — What; anything; interrogative pronoun for things

กัน

kan — Together; each other; mutual action particle

ถาม

thaam — To ask; to question; to inquire about something

ทำไม

tham-mai — Why; for what reason; asking cause or purpose

ผู้คน

phuu khon — People; persons; human beings in general

ทั้งหมด

thang mot — All; everything; the entire amount or group

ละทิ้ง

la thing — To abandon; to desert; to leave something behind

งาน

ngaan — Work; job; task; event or function

วัน

wan — Day; a 24-hour period of time

หยุด

yut — To stop; to halt; to cease an activity

เล่น

len — To play; to engage in recreational activity

คน

khon — Person; people; human being; classifier for people

ทั้ง

thang — Both; all; entirety of a group

โลก

look — World; earth; the entire globe or universe

ดู

duu — To look; to watch; to observe something

สิ

si — Particle adding emphasis or mild command to sentence

ช่าง

chaang — Craftsman; how (exclamation); artisan or skilled worker

ตี

tii — To hit; to strike; to beat something

เหล็ก

lek — Iron; metal; a strong hard metallic element

อยู่

yuu — To be (at a place); to live; to stay

เขา

khao — He; she; they; third person singular pronoun

ล้าง

laang — To wash; to clean; to rinse something off

เปื้อน

puean — Dirty; stained; soiled with dirt or grime

เขม่า

kha-mao — Soot; black residue from smoke or burning

สวม

suam — To wear; to put on clothing or accessories

เสื้อผ้า

suea phaa — Clothes; clothing; garments worn on the body

เหมือน

muean — Like; similar to; resembling something else

ว่า

waa — That; to say; quotative particle introducing speech

ยินดี

yin-dii — Glad; pleased; happy to do something

ร่าเริง

raa roeng — Cheerful; merry; lively and in good spirits

หาก

haak — If; in the event that; conditional conjunction

สักคน

sak khon — Someone; anybody; at least one person

สอน

son — To teach; to instruct; to impart knowledge

ต้อง

tong — Must; have to; obligated to do something

ทำ

tham — To do; to make; to perform an action

อย่างไร

yaang-rai — How; in what way; asking manner or method

คือ

khue — Is; means; that is; linking or defining verb

ผู้คุม

phuu khum — Guard; warden; person overseeing or controlling others

คุก

khuk — Prison; jail; place of confinement for criminals

แก่

kae — To; for; old; toward a person (giving particle)

พยักหน้า

pha-yak naa — To nod; to move head up and down in agreement

ยิ้ม

yim — To smile; to show happiness with a facial expression

ให้

hai — To give; to allow; causative or benefactive particle

ฉัน

chan — I; me; first person pronoun (informal feminine)

เช่น

chen — Such as; for example; like; giving examples

จำ

jam — To remember; to memorize; to recall something

ตั้งแต่

tang tae — Since; from; starting from a point in time

ทารก

thaa-rok — Infant; baby; a very young human child

น้อย

noi — Little; few; small in amount or size

ลูก

luuk — Child; offspring; son or daughter

ตอบ

top — To answer; to reply; to respond to a question

ควร

khuan — Should; ought to; advisable to do something

เลย

loei — At all; ever; therefore; particle of emphasis

อย่างนั้น

yaang nan — Like that; in that way; in that manner

ก็ตาม

ko taam — Even so; regardless; no matter; concessive particle

ชาย

chaai — Man; male; a male person

ชรา

cha-raa — Old; elderly; aged in years

ผิว

phiu — Skin; complexion; surface of the body

คล้ำ

khlam — Dark; swarthy; having a dark skin tone

หน้าตา

naa taa — Appearance; face; overall look of a person

ดุร้าย

du raai — Fierce; ferocious; wild and aggressive in manner

ตา

taa — Eye; maternal grandfather; related to seeing

น่าเกลียด

naa kliat — Ugly; repulsive; unpleasant in appearance

น่ากลัว

naa klua — Scary; frightening; causing fear in others

กล่าว

klaao — To say; to state; to speak formally or officially