The Scarlet Letter — Page 342

Vocabulary

และ

lae — Conjunction meaning 'and', linking words or clauses.

ขณะ

kha-na — While, during a particular moment or period.

ที่

thi — At, which, or a relative pronoun marker.

เขา

khao — He, she, or they; third-person pronoun.

ใกล้

klai — Near, close in distance or time.

จะ

ja — Future tense marker; will, going to.

กล่าว

klao — To say, speak, or state formally.

ปิด

pit — To close, shut, or turn off something.

จิตวิญญาณ

jit-win-yan — Spirit, soul, or spiritual essence of a person.

แห่ง

haeng — Of, from; a classifier for places or institutions.

คำ

kham — Word, spoken unit of language or speech.

พยากรณ์

pha-ya-kon — To prophesy, predict, or forecast future events.

ได้

dai — Can, could; past tense marker or 'obtained'.

สิง

sing — To inhabit or possess, as a spirit does.

สถิต

sa-thit — To reside, dwell, or be present permanently.

อยู่

yu — To be, stay, or live somewhere.

ใน

nai — In, inside, within a place or context.

ตัว

tua — Body, self; classifier for animals and letters.

บังคับ

bang-khap — To force, compel, or control someone or something.

ให้

hai — To give; causative marker meaning 'to make/let'.

รับใช้

rap-chai — To serve, work for, or attend to someone.

จุดมุ่งหมาย

jut-mung-mai — Goal, aim, or intended purpose of an action.

นั้น

nan — That, those; demonstrative pronoun referring to something distant.

อย่าง

yang — Manner, way, type; like or as something.

เข้มแข็ง

khem-khaeng — Strong, robust, resilient in character or health.

ดัง

dang — Loud; like, as, similar to something else.

เช่น

chen — Such as, for example, like something mentioned.

บรรดา

ban-da — All of, among a group of people or things.

ผู้

phu — Person who; a prefix indicating a doer or role.

เผย

phoei — To reveal, disclose, or make something known.

พระวจนะ

phra-wa-ja-na — The Word of God; divine scripture or utterance.

ยุค

yuk — Era, age, or epoch in history.

โบราณ

bo-ran — Ancient, old, belonging to a very early time.

ถูก

thuk — Passive marker; correct, right, or inexpensive.

เพียง

phiang — Only, merely, just a small amount or degree.

แต่

tae — But, however; a conjunction showing contrast.

มี

mi — To have, there is/are something.

ความ

khwam — Nominalizer prefix forming abstract nouns from adjectives/verbs.

แตกต่าง

taek-tang — Different, distinct, varying from something else.

ประการ

pra-kan — Aspect, point, regard; classifier for reasons or points.

หนึ่ง

nueng — One; the number one or a single unit.

คือ

khue — Is, means; used to define or identify something.

มองเห็น

mong-hen — To be able to see, to visually perceive something.

นิมิต

ni-mit — Vision, omen, or prophetic dream seen spiritually.

ชาว

chao — People of a particular group, nationality, or community.

ยิว

yiu — Jewish; relating to the Jewish people or culture.

ประกาศ

pra-kat — To announce, declare, or proclaim publicly.

พระ

phra — Holy, sacred; prefix for monks, royalty, or God.

พิโรธ

phi-rot — Wrath, divine anger, or intense fury.

พินาศ

phi-nat — Destruction, ruin, or total devastation.

แก่

kae — To, for; old in age; used with indirect objects.

บ้านเมือง

ban-mueang — Country, homeland, nation, or one's community.

ของ

khong — Of, belonging to; possessive particle in Thai.

ตน

ton — Oneself, one's own self; reflexive pronoun.

ภารกิจ

pha-ra-kit — Mission, duty, task, or assignment to be completed.

การ

kan — Nominalizer prefix indicating action, process, or activity.

ถึง

thueng — To reach, arrive at, until, or about something.

ชะตากรรม

cha-ta-kam — Fate, destiny, or predetermined course of one's life.

อัน

an — General classifier; which, that; a relative marker.

สูงส่ง

sung-song — Lofty, elevated, noble, or exalted in status.

รุ่งโรจน์

rung-rot — Glorious, brilliant, shining with great splendor.

สำหรับ

sam-rap — For, intended for a specific person or purpose.

ผู้คน

phu-khon — People, persons, the general public or folk.

พระเจ้า

phra-jao — God, Lord; the supreme divine being.

เพิ่ง

phoeng — Just, recently, having done something a moment ago.

รวมตัว

ruam-tua — To gather, assemble, or come together as a group.

กัน

kan — Together, each other; reciprocal or collective action marker.

ขึ้น

khuen — Up, to rise; directional marker indicating upward movement.

ใหม่

mai — New, fresh, again; recently made or renewed.

ตลอด

ta-lot — Throughout, all along, from beginning to end.

ทั้งหมด

thang-mot — All, entire, the whole amount or totality.

ทั้ง

thang — Both, all; inclusive of every item mentioned.

เทศนา

thet-sa-na — To preach, give a sermon or moral discourse.

เสียง

siang — Sound, voice, noise, or audio.

เศร้าโศก

sao-sok — Sorrowful, grief-stricken, deeply saddened.

ลึกซึ้ง

luek-sueng — Deep, profound, moving on an emotional or intellectual level.

แฝง

faeng — Hidden, concealed, or latent within something.

เป็น

pen — To be; indicates state, identity, or condition.

ทำนอง

tham-nong — Melody, tune; manner or style of doing something.

รอง

rong — Secondary, subordinate, deputy, or runner-up.

ซึ่ง

sueng — Which, that; relative pronoun connecting clauses.

ไม่

mai — No, not; negation particle in Thai sentences.

อาจ

at — Might, may, possibly; expressing possibility or permission.

ตีความ

ti-khwam — To interpret, analyze meaning, or construe significance.

อื่น

uen — Other, another, different from what is mentioned.

นอกจาก

nok-jak — Except, besides, other than what is stated.

เสียดาย

sia-dai — To regret, feel sorry, or be a pity.

ธรรมชาติ

tham-ma-chat — Nature, the natural world or inherent character.

กำลัง

kam-lang — Strength, power; progressive aspect marker (currently doing).

จากไป

jak-pai — To depart, leave, or pass away from somewhere.

ช้า

cha — Slow, late, not moving or happening quickly.

ใช่

chai — Yes, correct, that's right; affirmation particle.

แล้ว

laeo — Already, then, after that; completion marker.

นักบวช

nak-buat — A religious person, cleric, monk, or ordained member.

พวกเขา

phuak-khao — They, them; third-person plural pronoun.

รัก

rak — To love; deep affection for a person or thing.

ยิ่ง

ying — Even more, increasingly; intensifier for comparisons.

นัก

nak — Very, much; intensifier or prefix meaning an expert.

จน

jon — Until, so much that; also means 'poor' financially.

สู่

su — Toward, to, heading in a particular direction.

สวรรค์

sa-wan — Heaven, paradise, the divine celestial realm.

โดย

doi — By, via, through a means or agent.

ปราศจาก

prat-jak — Without, lacking, free from something entirely.

ลาง

lang — Omen, sign, portent of something coming.

สังหรณ์

sang-hon — Premonition, foreboding, intuitive sense of coming event.

ตาย

tai — To die, death, or ceasing to be alive.

ก่อน

kon — Before, prior to, earlier in time or order.

วัย

wai — Age, stage of life, period of one's life.

ควร

khuan — Should, ought to; expressing duty or recommendation.

เหนือ

nuea — Above, over, north; higher than in position or rank.

ก็

ko — Also, then, well; discourse particle for continuity.

ทิ้ง

thing — To abandon, discard, or leave something behind.

ไว้

wai — To keep, hold, leave in place for later.

กับ

kap — With, together with, and; connects nouns or clauses.

น้ำตา

nam-ta — Tears, the liquid that flows from eyes when crying.

แนวคิด

naeo-khit — Concept, idea, or line of thought or thinking.

เรื่อง

rueang — Story, matter, topic, or subject being discussed.

พำนัก

pham-nak — To reside, stay, or dwell somewhere temporarily.

ชั่วคราว

chua-khrao — Temporary, provisional, not permanent or lasting.

บน

bon — On, on top of, upon a surface.

โลก

lok — World, earth, the global sphere of existence.

นี้

ni — This, these; demonstrative pronoun for nearby things.

เพิ่ม

phoem — To add, increase, or augment an amount.

น้ำหนัก

nam-nak — Weight, heaviness, or importance of something.

สุดท้าย

sut-thai — Last, final, the very end of a sequence.

ผล

phon — Result, outcome, fruit, or consequence of an action.

กระทบ

kra-thop — To impact, affect, or strike against something.

เทศน์

thet — To preach; a shortened form of sermon or preaching.

สร้าง

sang — To build, create, construct, or establish something.

ราวกับ

rao-kap — As if, as though, just like something else.

ว่า

wa — That; introduces reported speech or a clause.

ทูตสวรรค์

thut-sa-wan — Angel, a divine heavenly messenger or celestial being.

องค์

ong — Classifier for royalty, monks, angels, or sacred beings.

ระหว่าง

ra-wang — Between, during, among two or more things.

เดินทาง

doen-thang — To travel, journey, or move from place to place.

ท้องฟ้า

thong-fa — The sky, firmament, or expanse above the earth.

กระพือ

kra-phue — To flap, flutter, or wave wings or cloth.

ปีก

pik — Wing of a bird, airplane, or similar structure.

สว่างไสว

sa-wang-sai — Bright, brilliantly lit, radiant with light.

ชั่ว

chua — Evil, wicked, bad; also means 'for a duration'.

เงา

ngao — Shadow, shade, or silhouette cast by an object.

เวลา

we-la — Time, moment, or a period when something occurs.

เดียวกัน

diao-kan — The same, identical, at the same time together.

โปรย

proi — To sprinkle, scatter, or shower something lightly.

ฝน

fon — Rain, the precipitation that falls from clouds.

จริง

jing — True, real, genuine, or indeed factual.

เปี่ยม

piam — Full of, brimming, overflowing with something.

ค่า

kha — Value, worth, cost, or price of something.

ลงมา

long-ma — To come down, descend from a higher position.

ดังนั้น

dang-nan — Therefore, thus, so; indicating a logical consequence.

จึง

jueng — Therefore, so, consequently; result or logical outcome.

มา

ma — To come; directional marker toward the speaker.

บาทหลวง

bat-luang — Catholic priest or Christian clergyman.

เกิดขึ้น

koet-khuen — To happen, occur, or come into existence.

คน

khon — Person, people; classifier for human beings.

ส่วนใหญ่

suan-yai — Majority, mostly, for the most part.

แวดวง

waet-wong — Circle, sphere, or community of associated people.

ต่างๆ

tang-tang — Various, diverse, different kinds of things.

แม้

mae — Even, although, even though; concessive conjunction.

แทบ

thaep — Almost, nearly, barely; very close to a state.

เคย

khoei — Ever, used to; past habitual experience marker.

รับ

rap — To receive, accept, or take something offered.

ตระหนัก

tra-nak — To realize, become aware of, or recognize something.

กว่า

kwa — More than, over, exceeding in comparison.

มองย้อน

mong-yon — To look back, reflect on past events or times.

กลับไป

klap-pai — To go back, return to a previous place or state.

เห็น

hen — To see, notice, or observe visually.

มัน

man — It; third-person pronoun for objects or animals.

ไกล

klai — Far, distant, a great distance away.

ข้างหลัง

khang-lang — Behind, in the back, at the rear of something.

สมัย

sa-mai — Era, period, time, or age in history.

ชีวิต

chi-wit — Life, existence, or the living experience of a person.

ยอดเยี่ยม

yot-yiam — Excellent, outstanding, superb, of the highest quality.

เต็มเปี่ยม

tem-piam — Completely full, brimming, totally filled with something.

ด้วย

duai — With, also, too; used to indicate accompaniment or addition.

ชัยชนะ

chai-cha-na — Victory, triumph, winning over an opponent.

ยิ่งกว่า

ying-kwa — More than, even greater than, exceeding in degree.

ช่วงเวลา

chuang-we-la — Period of time, timeframe, or specific duration.

ใด

dai — Any, which; used in questions or indefinite reference.

ก่อนหน้า

kon-na — Before, previous, preceding in time or order.

หรือ

rue — Or; conjunction presenting alternatives or asking questions.

ภายหน้า

phai-na — In the future, ahead, in times yet to come.