The Scarlet Letter — Page 345

Vocabulary

พลังงาน

phalang-ngan — Energy; power derived from physical or natural sources.

หรือ

rʉ̄ʉ — Or; used to present alternatives or ask questions.

จะ

ja — Will; auxiliary word indicating future tense or intention.

กล่าว

klàao — To say, state, or declare something formally.

ให้

hâi — To give; to allow or cause something to happen.

ถูกต้อง

thùuk tɔ̂ng — Correct; accurate or proper according to standards.

กว่า

kwàa — More than; used in comparisons between two things.

นั้น

nán — That; a demonstrative pronoun referring to something previously mentioned.

แรง

rɛɛng — Strong; force or strength applied to something.

บันดาลใจ

bandaan jai — To inspire; to motivate someone creatively or emotionally.

ที่

thîi — At; a preposition indicating place, time, or relative clause.

ได้

dâai — Can; to be able to or to have obtained something.

ค้ำจุน

khám jun — To support or uphold; to sustain something or someone.

เขา

khǎo — He, she, or they; third-person pronoun in Thai.

ไว้

wáai — To keep or hold in place; used after verbs for retention.

จน

jon — Until; up to the point when something occurs.

ส่งมอบ

sòng mɔ̂op — To deliver or hand over something to another person.

สาร

sǎan — Message, substance, or matter conveyed to someone.

ศักดิ์สิทธิ์

sàk sit — Sacred or holy; having divine power or sanctity.

นำพา

nam phaa — To lead or guide someone toward a destination or goal.

ความ

khwaam — Abstract noun prefix expressing a state or quality.

เข้มแข็ง

khêm khɛ̌ng — Strong; resilient or robust in character or body.

ของ

khɔ̌ong — Of; possessive particle indicating belonging or ownership.

ตนเอง

ton eeng — Oneself; reflexive pronoun referring back to the subject.

มา

maa — To come; directional verb indicating movement toward speaker.

จาก

jàak — From; indicating origin, source, or starting point.

สวรรค์

sawǎn — Heaven; a divine or blissful realm above the earth.

ถูก

thùuk — To be hit or acted upon; passive marker in Thai.

ถอนคืน

thɔ̌on khʉʉn — To withdraw or take back something previously given.

ไป

pai — To go; directional particle indicating movement away.

แล้ว

lɛ́ɛo — Already; indicates a completed action or past event.

บัดนี้

bàt níi — Now; at this present moment, often used formally.

มัน

man — It; third-person pronoun for objects or animals.

ปฏิบัติ

patibàt — To practice or carry out duties and responsibilities.

หน้าที่

nâa thîi — Duty or responsibility assigned to a person.

อย่าง

yàang — In a manner of; used to describe how something is done.

ซื่อสัตย์

sʉ̂ʉ sàt — Honest and faithful; having integrity in conduct.

สำเร็จ

sǎmrèt — To succeed or accomplish a task or goal.

แสงเรือง

sɛ̌ɛng rʉaang — A glowing or luminous light radiating from a source.

พวกเขา

phûak khǎo — They; plural third-person pronoun referring to a group.

เพิ่ง

phə̂ng — Just; indicating something happened very recently.

มองเห็น

mong hěn — To see or perceive something visually with awareness.

ลุกโชน

lúk choon — To blaze or flare up brightly like fire.

อยู่

yùu — To be located at; to exist or stay somewhere.

บน

bon — On; above or upon a surface or place.

แก้ม

kɛ̂ɛm — Cheek; the soft side of a person's face.

ดับ

dàp — To extinguish or go out; cease burning or glowing.

ลง

long — Down; directional particle indicating downward movement.

ดุจดั่ง

dùt dàng — Just like; similar to or resembling something else.

เปลวไฟ

plεεo fai — A flame; a tongue of burning fire or blaze.

จม

jom — To sink or submerge beneath a surface or state.

สิ้นหวัง

sîn wǎng — Hopeless; having lost all hope or expectation.

ท่ามกลาง

thâam klaang — Amidst; in the middle of a situation or group.

ถ่าน

thàan — Charcoal or embers; the remains of burned material.

กำลัง

kamlang — Strength, energy; also a progressive marker in Thai.

มอดดับ

mɔ̂ot dàp — To smolder and go out; dying embers fading away.

ใบหน้า

bai nâa — Face; the front part of a person's head.

แทบ

thɛ̂ɛp — Almost; nearly to the point of something occurring.

ไม่

mâi — Not; a negation particle used before verbs or adjectives.

ดู

duu — To look at or watch; also means to seem or appear.

เหมือน

mʉ̌an — Like; similar to or resembling something or someone.

ชาย

chaai — Man or male; an adult male person.

ยัง

yang — Still; continuing to do something or yet to happen.

มีชีวิต

mii chiiwít — To be alive; having life or living existence.

ด้วย

dûay — Also, too, or with; used to add or accompany something.

สีหน้า

sǐi nâa — Facial expression; the look or appearance of one's face.

คล้าย

khlâai — Similar to; resembling something else in appearance.

ความตาย

khwaam taai — Death; the state of being deceased or no longer alive.

เช่น

chên — Such as; for example, used to introduce examples.

ไม่ใช่

mâi châi — Is not; used to negate identity or classification.

ผู้

phûu — Person who; a prefix indicating a person performing an action.

ใน

nai — In; inside or within a place, time, or context.

ร่างกาย

râang kaai — Body; the physical form of a human or animal.

โซเซ

soo see — To stagger or totter; walking unsteadily and weakly.

เส้นทาง

sên thaang — Path or route; a way or course taken to travel.

ตน

ton — Oneself; a reflexive or formal pronoun for self.

ไร้แรง

rái rɛɛng — Lacking strength; without energy or physical power.

แต่

tɛ̀ɛ — But; a conjunction indicating contrast or exception.

ก็

kɔ̂ɔ — Also; a particle indicating concession or continuation.

และ

lɛ́ — And; a conjunction joining words, phrases, or clauses.

ล้มลง

lóm long — To fall down; to collapse onto the ground.

หนึ่ง

nʉ̀ng — One; the number one or a single item.

บรรดา

banndaa — All of; among a group of people or things.

พี่น้อง

phîi nɔ́ong — Siblings; brothers and sisters or close companions.

นักบวช

nák bùat — A religious person; a monk, priest, or clergy member.

นั่น

nân — That; a demonstrative pointing to something farther away.

คือ

khʉʉ — Is; used to equate or identify two things or concepts.

เป็น

pen — To be; a linking verb indicating state or identity.

เคารพนับถือ

khaorop náptʉ̌ʉ — To respect and revere; to hold someone in high regard.

เมื่อ

mʉ̂a — When; at the time that something happened previously.

สังเกตเห็น

sǎngkèet hěn — To notice or observe something with careful attention.

สภาพ

saphâap — Condition or state; the current situation of something.

คุณ

khun — You; a polite second-person pronoun or honorific title.

ทิ้ง

thíng — To abandon or throw away; to leave something behind.

โดย

dooi — By; indicating an agent, method, or means of action.

คลื่น

khlʉ̂ʉn — Wave; a surge of water, emotion, or sensation.

แห่ง

hɛ̀ng — Of; a classifier or preposition indicating place or belonging.

สติปัญญา

sàtì panya — Intellect or wisdom; mental faculty of understanding.

ความรู้สึก

khwaam rúu sʉ̀k — Feeling or emotion; one's inner emotional sensation.

ถดถอย

thòt thɔ̌oi — To recede or regress; declining or retreating from something.

จึง

jʉng — So; therefore, indicating result or consequence of action.

รีบ

rîip — To hurry or rush; to do something quickly or urgently.

ก้าว

kâao — Step; a single movement of the foot while walking.

ออกมา

ɔ̀ok maa — To come out; to emerge from an enclosed space.

เพื่อ

phʉ̂a — In order to; for the purpose of achieving something.

ประคอง

prakhoong — To support gently; to hold or steady someone carefully.

บาทหลวง

bàat lǔang — A Catholic priest or pastor; a Christian religious leader.

ปัด

pàt — To brush away or sweep off; to dismiss a gesture.

แขน

khɛ̌ɛn — Arm; the upper limb of the human body.

ชายชรา

chaai chraa — An old man; an elderly male person.

ออก

ɔ̀ok — Out; to exit or move away from an enclosed area.

ตัวสั่น

tua sân — To tremble; the body shaking from fear or weakness.

เด็ดขาด

dèt khàat — Absolutely or decisively; firmly and without hesitation.

ยังคง

yang khong — Still continuing; persisting in a state or action.

เดิน

dəən — To walk; to move on foot at a normal pace.

ต่อไป

tɔ̀ pai — To continue onward; proceeding further without stopping.

หาก

hàak — If; a conditional conjunction introducing a hypothetical situation.

ว่า

wâa — That; a conjunction introducing reported speech or thought.

การเคลื่อนไหว

kaan khlʉ̂an wǎi — Movement; the act of moving or changing position.

สามารถ

sǎamâat — To be able to; capable of performing an action.

เรียก

rîak — To call or summon; to name or refer to something.

ซึ่ง

sʉ̂ng — Which; a relative pronoun used to refer to a noun.

กับ

kàp — With; together or in relation to something or someone.

ความพยายาม

khwaam phayaayaam — Effort or attempt; trying hard to achieve something.

ทารก

thaarok — Infant or baby; a very young child or newborn.

น้อย

nɔ́oi — Little or few; small in amount, size, or degree.

อ้อมแขน

ɔ̂om khɛ̌ɛn — Arms outstretched; a welcoming or embracing gesture.

แม่

mɛ̂ɛ — Mother; a female parent of a child.

กาง

kaang — To spread open or extend outward; to stretch wide.

เบื้องหน้า

bʉ̂ang nâa — In front; the area ahead or before something.

ล่อ

lɔ̂ — To lure or entice; to attract toward something.

แม้

mɛ́ɛ — Even though; despite the fact that something is true.

ก้าวเดิน

kâao dəən — To step and walk forward; taking steps to advance.

หลัง

lǎng — After or behind; the back or rear of something.

ๆ

(repetition mark) — Symbol indicating repetition of the preceding word.

อาจ

àat — Maybe or might; expressing possibility or uncertainty.

ด้านตรงข้าม

dâan trong khâam — The opposite side; facing or across from something else.

นั่งร้าน

nâng rán — Scaffold; a temporary structure used during construction work.

จดจำ

jòt jam — To remember or memorize; to retain something in mind.

ดี

dii — Good; of high quality, morally right, or pleasant.

สภาพอากาศ

saphâap aakàat — Weather; the atmospheric conditions at a given time.

ทำให้

tham hâi — To cause or make; to bring about a certain condition.

คล้ำ

khlâm — Dark or dim; dusky in color or lacking brightness.

นาน

naan — Long time; lasting or taking an extended duration.

ช่วงเวลา

chûang weelaa — Period of time; a span or interval of duration.

อัน

an — A classifier or article for general objects; that one.

หดหู่

hòt hùu — Gloomy or depressed; feeling downcast or disheartened.

ผ่านมา

phàan maa — Has passed; referring to time or events gone by.

ทั้งหมด

tháng mòt — All; the entirety or total of something without exception.

พบ

phóp — To meet or find; to encounter something or someone.

สายตา

sǎai taa — Eyes or gaze; the direction or quality of one's sight.

ดูถูกเหยียดหยาม

duu thùuk yìat yǎam — To look down on or despise; contemptuous disrespectful treatment.

โลก

lôok — World; the earth or a broad realm of existence.

ที่นั่น

thîi nân — There; at that particular place previously mentioned.

ยืน

yʉʉn — To stand; to be in an upright position on feet.

จับ

jàp — To hold or grasp; to catch or seize something firmly.

มือ

mʉʉ — Hand; the part of the body at the end of an arm.

ตัวอักษร

tua àksɔ̌ɔn — Letter or character; a symbol representing a sound or word.

สีแดง

sǐi dɛɛng — Red color; the color of blood or fire.

ประดับ

pradàp — To decorate or adorn; to embellish with ornamental items.

อก

òk — Chest or bosom; the front of the upper torso.

เธอ

thəə — She or you (informal female); a feminine pronoun in Thai.