The Social Cancer: A Complete English Version of Noli Me Tangere — Page 4

Vocabulary

လွှမ်းမိုး

hlwan:moe: — To dominate, overshadow, or exert influence over

ရမည့်

ya.myi. — Will receive or must obtain; future obligation marker

စနစ်တကျ

sa.nit ta.kja. — Systematically, in an orderly and organized manner

ဖွဲ့စည်း

phwɛ̤ si: — To form, organize, or establish a group or structure

ထားသော

hta: thɔ — That which has been placed, kept, or set aside

ဘုန်းတော်ကြီး

phoun: dɔ tɕí: — Buddhist monk; respectful term for a senior monk

အဖွဲ့အစည်း

ʔa.phwɛ̤ ʔa.sí: — Organization, association, or formal group body

မရှိ

ma.ʃi. — Does not exist; there is none; absent

ခဲ့ဘဲ

khɛ̤ bɛ — Without having done; past negative connective particle

ပထမဆုံး

pa.θa.ma. soún: — First of all; the very first in sequence

သော

thɔ — Relative clause particle; that which, who, or which

ဘာသာရေး

bà.θà yé: — Religious; pertaining to religion or faith matters

ဓလေ့ထုံးတမ်း

da.lɛ̤ hoún: tán: — Customs and traditions; established cultural practices

များ

mjá: — Many; plural marker; more than one

သည်

θì — Topic or subject marker; present tense verb particle

အိုမင်း

ʔo min: — Old and aged; describing an elderly person

အမျိုးသမီး

ʔa.mjó: θa.mí: — Woman; female person; lady

တစ်ဦး

tɪʔ ʔú: — One person; a single individual

ဦးဆောင်

ʔú: sʰaun — To lead, head, or guide a group

အခါ

ʔa.kʰà — Time, occasion, or when; temporal marker

အားလျော်

ʔá: ljɔ — Appropriate to; in accordance with; fitting

သည့်

θɪ̤ — Relative clause particle modifying a preceding noun

ပွဲလမ်းသဘင်

pwɛ̤: lán θa.bɪn — Festivals and ceremonies; cultural entertainment events

ဖြင့်

pʰjɪ̤ — By means of; with; using; instrumental particle

သာ

θà — Only; just; emphatic or restrictive particle

ဆိုးဆိုးဝါးဝါး

so: so: wá: wá: — Severely, terribly, in a very bad manner

ပြည့်နှက်

pjɪ̤ hnɛʔ — To be filled with; saturated; pervaded throughout

နေ

nè — To live, stay, or reside; progressive aspect marker

ပြီး

pjí: — After; finished; completion marker or connective

ထို

tʰo — That; those; demonstrative pronoun referring to something

မမြင်နိုင်

ma.mjɪn nain — Cannot see; unable to perceive or witness

အာဏာ

ʔà.ná — Power, authority, or political control

အတွက်

ʔa.twɛʔ — For; for the sake of; on behalf of

အဓိပ္ပာယ်ဖွင့်ဆို

ʔa.dɪʔ pài pʰwɪ̤ so — To define or explain the meaning of something

သူ

θù — He, she, or they; third person pronoun

နှင့်

hnɪ̤ — And; with; together with; connective particle

ယဇ်ပူဇော်ပွဲ

jaʔ pu: zɔ pwɛ̤: — Sacrificial ceremony or religious offering ritual

တွင်

twɪn — In, at, within; locative particle

အဓိက

ʔa.dɪʔ kha — Main, primary, or most important element

စားသောက်

sá: θauʔ — To eat and drink; food and drink consumption

ဆိုသော

so θɔ — Called, named, or so-called; quotative relative clause

၏

ʔɪ — Genitive possessive particle; of, belonging to

တာဝန်

tà.wùn — Responsibility, duty, or obligation

ကို

ko — Object marker; to, towards; accusative particle

ထမ်းဆောင်

htán: sʰaun — To carry out, perform, or fulfill a duty

ခဲ့

khɛ̤ — Past tense marker; went; did previously

မပြတ်

ma.pjaʔ — Without stopping; continuously; unceasingly

စိတ်အားထက်သန်

seɪʔ ʔá: tʰɛʔ θán — Enthusiastic, eager, and zealously motivated

မှု

hmù — Nominalizer suffix; -ness, -tion, -ing (abstract noun)

၎င်းတို့

dɪ̀ɴ to̤ — They, those; third person plural pronoun (formal)

ပြင်ဆင်

pjɪn zɪn — To prepare, arrange, or make ready

ပုံစံ

poún zán — Form, pattern, style, or format

မစ်ရှင်နရီ

miʔ ʃɪn na.rì — Missionary; person conducting religious outreach work

ဌာနေ

hta.nè — Indigenous; native; originally from a place

တိုင်းရင်းသား

tain jɪn: θá: — Ethnic nationality; indigenous ethnic group member

ယုံကြည်

youn tɕì — To believe, trust, or have faith in

ရရှိ

ya.ʃi. — To obtain, acquire, or receive something

နိုင်

nain — Can, able to; potential or ability marker

အထူးသဖြင့်

ʔa.tʰú: θa.pʰjɪ̤ — Especially, particularly, in a special manner

အနက်

ʔa.nɛʔ — Meaning, definition; or among (in some contexts)

အများစု

ʔa.mjá: zu — Majority; most of; the greater part

ဒေသ

dè.θa. — Region, area, locality, or district

ဘာသာစကား

bà.θà za.ɡá: — Language; spoken tongue of a people

သင်ယူ

θɪn jù — To learn or study something

ကာ

ɡà — While doing; connective particle indicating simultaneous action

မိမိတို့

mi.mi. to̤ — We, our own; first person reflexive plural pronoun

ကြည့်ရှု

tɕɪ̤ ʃu — To look at, observe, or watch carefully

စောင့်ရှောက်

sʰaun ʃauʔ — To care for, protect, or look after someone

အသိုက်အဝန်း

ʔa.θaiʔ ʔa.wùn: — Community; social circle or surrounding group

ဘဝ

ba.wà — Life, existence, or livelihood

ဆက်စပ်ပတ်သက်

sɛʔ saʔ paʔ θɛʔ — To be related, connected, or associated with

ကြ

tɕa — Plural verb marker; together; mutually (verb suffix)

ကြောင့်

tɕaun — Because of; due to; causative particle

ဖြစ်

pʰjɪʔ — To be, become, or happen; copula verb

ထို့ကြောင့်

tʰo tɕaun — Therefore; for that reason; consequently

လူ

lù — Person, human being, people

ဆရာ

sʰa.jà — Teacher, master, or respected professional

သစ်

θɪʔ — New; fresh; or wood, timber (depending on context)

အုပ်ချုပ်

ʔouʔ tɕouʔ — To govern, rule, or administer an area

သဘောကောင်းကောင်း

θa.bɔ kaun: kaun: — With good intentions; kindly and good-naturedly

လက်ခံ

lɛʔ kʰán — To accept, receive, or welcome something

မျိုးဆက်

mjó: sɛʔ — Generation; a successive generational group

တစ်ခု

tɪʔ kʰù — One thing; a single item or unit

မကုန်မီ

ma.ɡoun mí — Before finishing or ending; prior to completion

ဖိလစ်ပိုင်

pʰi.liʔ pain — The Philippines; Southeast Asian island nation

အခြေချ

ʔa.tɕʰɛ tɕʰa — To settle down; establish a base or foundation

နေထိုင်

nè htain — To live, reside, or dwell in a place

စပိန်

za.bain — Spain; the European country Spain

အများအားဖြင့်

ʔa.mjá: ʔá: pʰjɪ̤ — Generally, mostly, for the most part

အသိအမှတ်ပြု

ʔa.θi ʔa.hmɛʔ pju — To recognize, acknowledge, or officially approve

လာ

là — To come; directional verb particle towards speaker

နောင်

naun — Future; later; afterward; in the future

နှစ်

hnɪʔ — Year; or two (numeral), depending on context

ပိုမို

po mo — More, increasingly, to a greater degree

ရိုင်းစိုင်း

jain: sain: — Rude, rough, uncivilized, or barbaric behavior

အကြား

ʔa.tɕá: — Between, among, or in the middle of

မှ

hmà — From; since; source or starting point marker

အခြေချနေရာ

ʔa.tɕʰɛ tɕʰa nè.jà — Settlement; a place where people have settled

ဖော်ဆောင်

pʰɔ sʰaun — To promote, carry out, or bring about

ဤ

ʔì — This; formal demonstrative pronoun for nearby things

နယ်မြေ

nɛ̀ mjè — Territory, region, or land area

တဖြည်းဖြည်းချင်း

ta.pʰjì: pʰjì: tɕʰɪ: — Gradually, little by little, step by step

ချဲ့ထွင်

tɕʰɛ̤ twɪn — To expand, extend, or enlarge something

ဟောင်းနွမ်း

hɔun: nwún: — Old and worn out; dilapidated, deteriorated

လွင်ပြင်

lwɪn pjɪn — Open plain, field, or flat open land

ထဲ

tʰɛ — Inside, within, into; locative particle

လှည့်လည်

hlɛ̤ lɛ — To wander, roam, or travel around

မကြာခဏ

ma.tɕà kʰa.na. — Often, frequently, many times

ဖျက်စီး

pʰjɛʔ sí: — To destroy, demolish, or ruin something

တတ်

taʔ — To know how to; habitual or ability marker

ကန့်ကွက်ဖွယ်ရာ

kán gwɛʔ pʰwɛ̤ jà — Objectionable; deserving protest or opposition

အချက်

ʔa.tɕʰɛʔ — Point, fact, or key element of argument

စွန့်လွှတ်

swún hlwaʔ — To give up, abandon, or renounce something

ခေါင်းလောင်း

kʰaun: laun: — Bell; a ringing bell, typically in religious context

အောက်

ʔauʔ — Below, under, or beneath something

မြို့ကြီး

mjó tɕí: — Large city; big town or major urban area

ရွာ

jwà — Village; small rural settlement

အဖြစ်

ʔa.pʰjɪʔ — As, in the role of; in the capacity of

စုဝေး

zu wé: — To gather, assemble, or congregate together

ရန်

jan — In order to; for the purpose of; goal particle

သွေးဆောင်နှိုးဆော်

θwé: sʰaun hno: sʰɔ — To entice and incite; lure and stir up