The Souls of Black Folk — Page 2

Vocabulary

တတိယ

ta-ti-ya — Third in order or sequence

အခန်း

a-khan — Chapter, room, or section of a book

တွင်

twín — In, at, within a place or context

ကျွန်တော်

kyun-daw — I, me (formal male first-person pronoun)

သည်

thì — Is, are; topic marker particle in Burmese

ကိုယ်ရေး

ko-yay — Personal, relating to one's own affairs

ကိုယ်တာ

ko-ta — Private, personal matters belonging to oneself

ခေါင်းဆောင်မှု

gaung-saung-hmu — Leadership, the act of leading others

တဖြည်းဖြည်း

ta-phyi-phyi — Gradually, little by little, slowly over time

တက်လာ

tat-la — To rise, come up, increase progressively

ပုံ

pone — Picture, image, shape, or form

ကို

ko — Object marker particle; to, toward someone

ညွှန်ပြ

hnwan-pya — To point out, indicate, or demonstrate something

ခဲ့

khè — Past tense marker; went away previously

ပြီး

pyi — After, finished, completed; and then

ယနေ့

ya-nay — Today, the current day

မိမိ

mi-mi — Oneself, one's own (reflexive pronoun)

လူမျိုး

lu-myo — Ethnic group, race, nationality of people

၏

ì — Possessive or genitive particle meaning 'of'

အဓိက

a-di-ka — Main, primary, most important element

ဝန်ထုပ်

wun-htote — Bundle, burden, heavy load carried physically

ဝန်ပိုး

wun-po — Burden, responsibility weighing heavily on someone

ထမ်းဆောင်

htam-saung — To carry out, bear, or fulfill a duty

နေ

nay — To live, stay, remain; sun (noun)

သော

thaw — Relative clause particle meaning 'that' or 'which'

ခေါင်းဆောင်

gaung-saung — Leader, one who leads a group

ပွင့်

pwín — To bloom, open up, be transparent

လင်း

lín — Bright, clear, luminous, well-lit

ဝေဖန်

way-phan — To criticize, critique, evaluate with judgment

ထို့

htó — That, therefore; used as demonstrative reference

နောက်

nauk — After, behind, next, following in sequence

နောက်ထပ်

nauk-htat — Additionally, furthermore, another, one more

နှစ်

hnit — Year; two (number); to like or prefer

ခန်း

khan — Room; scene; dried up (as water)

မျက်ကန်း

myat-kan — Blind, unable to see; visually impaired

ကုလားကာ

ka-la-ga — Curtain, drape hung over a window or door

အတွင်း

a-twín — Inside, within, interior of something

နှင့်

hnin — And, with, together with (conjunction/preposition)

အပြင်

a-pyin — Outside, exterior, beyond a boundary

ရှိ

shì — To exist, be present, have something

လောက

law-ka — World, realm, universe of existence

ခု

khu — Now, currently; counter for objects

အကျဉ်းချုပ်

a-kyin-chote — Summary, brief overview of main points

ဖော်ပြ

phaw-pya — To describe, mention, express, or present

ထို

htó — That (demonstrative pronoun referring to something)

မှ

hma — From, since, starting point of action

တဆင့်

ta-zin — Via, through, by way of a medium

လူသား

lu-tha — Human being, mankind, humanity as a whole

များ

mya — Many, plural marker; a lot of

ဘဝ

ba-wa — Life, existence, one's living condition

အတွက်

a-twet — For, for the sake of, because of

သင်တန်း

thin-dan — Training course, class, educational program

ပေး

pay — To give, provide, offer something to someone

ခြင်း

chín — Nominalizer particle turning verbs into nouns

ဗဟို

ba-ho — Center, central, headquarters of an organization

ပြဿနာ

pya-tha-na — Problem, issue, difficulty needing resolution

သို့

thó — To, toward, in the direction of

ရောက်ရှိ

yauk-shì — To arrive, reach, be present at location

လာ

la — To come; directional verb particle toward speaker

ယခု

ya-khu — Now, at this moment, currently

ပို

po — More, increasingly, to a greater degree

နက်ရှိုင်း

nat-shain — Deep, profound, having great depth or meaning

အသေးစိတ်

a-thway-zate — Detailed, in detail, specific particulars

အချက်

a-chet — Point, fact, key element of information

ထဲ

htè — Inside, into, within a space or group

ဝင်ရောက်

win-yauk — To enter, go into, penetrate a place

လျက်

lyat — While doing, simultaneously; continuative particle

မည်းမည်း

myi-myi — Dark, very dark in color or shade

မဲမဲ

mè-mè — Black, dark, deeply dark-colored

တောင်သူ

taung-thu — Farmer, cultivator, one who farms land

လယ်သမား

lay-tha-ma — Peasant farmer, paddy field cultivator

သန်း

than — Million; to be strong or vigorous

ပေါင်း

paung — To combine, add together; total sum

များစွာ

mya-zwa — Very many, a great number of things

တိုက်ပွဲ

tike-pwè — Battle, fight, struggle, armed conflict

လေ့လာ

lay-la — To study, learn, investigate through observation

တစ်

tit — One (number); a, an (indefinite article)

သခင်

tha-khin — Master, lord, owner; political title used historically

ကျွန်

kyun — Slave, servant; humble self-reference (I)

သား

tha — Son; child; native of; softening particle

ပစ္စုပ္ပန်

pyit-su-pan — The present, current time, present moment

ဆက်ဆံ

zet-hsun — To relate to, deal with, interact with others

ရေး

yay — To write; affairs, matters relating to something

ရှင်းလင်း

shín-lín — Clear, clear explanation; to explain clearly

ရန်

yan — In order to, for the purpose of; enemy

ကြိုးပမ်း

kyo-pan — To strive, make effort, try hard

အဖြူ

a-phyu — White color, whiteness; white-colored thing

ရောင်

yaung — Color; to shine, glow with light

စွန့်ခွာ

swun-khwa — To abandon, leave behind, give up, depart

၍

yway — Therefore, so, thus; connective particle

ခြေလှမ်း

chay-hlam — Step, footstep, pace forward

ဝင်

win — To enter, go in, come inside

သင်

thin — You (second person pronoun); to learn or teach

တို့

dó — Plural marker for pronouns; we, they, you all

၎င်း

da-gin — He, she, it, they (formal written pronoun)

နက်

nat — Deep, dark; profound in depth

နေရာ

nay-ya — Place, location, position, spot

ဘာသာ

ba-tha — Language, religion, faith, belief system

အဓိပ္ပာယ်

a-di-pan — Meaning, significance, definition of a word

လူ့

lu — Human, of humanity (possessive form of person)

ဝေဒနာ

way-da-na — Pain, suffering, physical or emotional agony

ကြင်နာ

kyin-na — To care for, show compassion, love tenderly

မှု

hmu — Nominalizer; act of, case of (legal/action)

ကြီးမြတ်

kyi-myat — Great, noble, majestic, highly respected

ဝိညာဉ်

win-nyan — Spirit, soul, spiritual essence of a being

မှိတ်တုတ်

hmite-tote — Blind, unable to see; eyes tightly shut

မြင်

myin — To see, to perceive visually, to understand

နိုင်

nine — To be able to, can; to win, defeat

ချီမြှောက်

chi-hmyauk — To lift up, elevate, praise, exalt someone

ဤ

i — This (formal demonstrative pronoun in writing)

အားလုံး

a-lone — All, everyone, everything, the whole group

ကြိမ်

kyim — Time, instance, occurrence, number of times

ပြော

pyaw — To speak, say, tell, talk about something

သော်လည်း

thaw-leh — However, although, even though, nevertheless

ရှား

sha — Rare, scarce, uncommon, hard to find

ပါး

pa — Thin; cheek; polite particle; scarce

သာ

tha — Only, just; emphasizing particle; better than

ရေးသား

yay-tha — To write, compose, author a written work

ထား

hta — To place, put, keep; resultative verb particle

ဇာတ်ကြောင်း

zat-kyaung — Story, narrative, plot, background history

ပုဒ်

pote — Paragraph, verse, unit of text or writing

သီချင်း

thi-chin — Song, musical piece with vocals

ဖြင့်

phyin — By means of, with, using, through (instrumental)

အဆုံး

a-zone — End, conclusion, final point of something

သတ်

thet — To kill; to set, determine; punctuation mark

အတွေးအခေါ်

a-tway-a-khaw — Thought, ideology, philosophical idea or concept

အချို့

a-cho — Some, a few, certain ones among many

ယခင်

ya-khin — Previous, former, past, before the present

က

ka — Subject marker particle; from; because

အခြား

a-kha — Other, another, different, else

ပုံသဏ္ဍာန်

pone-tha-dan — Shape, form, appearance, physical figure

အလင်းရောင်

a-lín-yaung — Light, beam of light, brightness, illumination

ဖူး

phu — To have ever experienced; blossom; before

ပြောင်းလဲ

pyaung-lè — To change, transform, alter, shift form

တိုးချဲ့

to-chè — To expand, enlarge, extend, broaden scope

ပုံစံ

pone-zan — Pattern, style, format, template, model

ပြန်လည်

pyan-lé — To return, do again, re-, back again

ထုတ်ဝေ

htote-way — To publish, distribute, release to the public

ခွင့်

khwin — Permission, right, opportunity; to forgive

ပြု

pyu — To do, make, perform, carry out an action

သူ

thu — He, she, that person (third person pronoun)

ကျေးဇူး

kyay-zu — Gratitude, kindness, favor, grace given to someone

တင်

tin — To place, present, submit; to owe gratitude

ရ

ya — To get, obtain, receive; can, be able to

မည်

myi — Will, future tense marker; shall do something

ပုံနှိပ်

pone-hnit — To print; printing, publication of a document

သည့်

thì — Relative particle modifying a preceding noun

အတိုင်း

a-tine — According to, as, in accordance with something

စီ

si — Each, respectively, in order, one by one

ရှေ့

shay — Front, ahead, before, in front of something

ဝမ်းနည်း

wun-ni — To be sad, sorrowful, grieved, mournful

တစ်ဆင့်

tit-zin — Via, through, step by step, by one step

အမှောင်ထု

a-hmaung-htu — Darkness, mass of darkness, obscurity

အတိတ်

a-tite — The past, former times, history, bygone era

ကာလ

ka-la — Period, era, time, span of time

တွင်ကျယ်

twín-kyal — Widespread, widely known, broadly circulated

အမေရိကန်

a-may-yi-kan — American, relating to the United States of America

တည်း

tì — Only, alone, the same; lodging particle

ဂီတ

gi-ta — Music, the musical arts

မေ့မရ

may-ma-ya — Unforgettable, impossible to forget, memorable

ဖွယ်

phwè — Worthy of, liable to, likely to happen

သံစဉ်

thun-zin — Melody, tune, musical sequence of notes

ချို့

cho — Lacking, deficient, short of something needed

အသံ

a-thun — Sound, voice, audio, tone heard by ear

ဟောင်း

haung — Old, worn out, aged, no longer new

ရပ်တည်

yat-tì — To stand firm, take a position, be established