The Time Machine — Page 103

Vocabulary

แต่

tàe — but, however; indicates contrast between clauses

ลูกกระสุน

lûuk grà-sun — bullet; small projectile fired from a firearm

หรือ

rǔe — or; used to present alternatives

ดินปืน

din pueen — gunpowder; explosive powder used in firearms

ใดๆ

dai dai — any; whichever, used for emphasis of indefiniteness

ที่

thîi — at, which; relative pronoun or place marker

อาจ

àat — might, may; expresses possibility or uncertainty

เคย

khoei — used to; have ever done something before

มี

mii — to have, there is/are; indicates existence

อยู่

yùu — to be located, to stay; indicates ongoing state

นั้น

nán — that; demonstrative pronoun referring to something distant

ได้

dâai — can, able to; indicates ability or past action

ผุพัง

phù-phang — to decay, rot, crumble; deteriorate over time

กลาย

glaai — to become, transform into; change into something else

เป็น

pen — to be; linking verb indicating identity or state

ผง

phong — powder, dust; fine granular substance

ไป

pai — to go; also indicates action moving away

แล้ว

láaeo — already, then; indicates completion of an action

มุม

mum — corner, angle; a point where two lines meet

หนึ่ง

nùeng — one; the number one

ฉัน

chăn — I, me; first-person pronoun used informally

เห็น

hěn — to see, notice; perceive with the eyes

ถูก

thùuk — to be acted upon; passive marker or correct

เผา

phǎo — to burn, cremate; destroy something with fire

ไหม้

mâi — to be burned, scorched; damaged by fire

และ

láe — and; conjunction connecting words or clauses

แตก

tàaek — to break, crack, shatter; split apart

กระจาย

grà-jaai — to scatter, spread out; disperse in all directions

บางที

baang-thii — sometimes, perhaps; indicates uncertainty or possibility

คิด

khít — to think, consider; mentally process an idea

ว่า

wâa — that; complementizer introducing reported speech or thought

เกิด

gòoet — to occur, be born; come into existence

จาก

jàak — from; indicates origin or starting point

การ

gaan — the act of; nominalizer prefix for actions

ระเบิด

rá-bòet — explosion, to explode; sudden violent release of energy

ใน

nai — in, inside; preposition indicating location within

หมู่

mùu — group, cluster; a collection of similar things

ตัวอย่าง

tua-yàang — example, sample; representative instance of something

สิ่ง

sìng — thing, object; general classifier for abstract things

ของ

khǎawng — of, belonging to; possessive particle

เหล่า

lào — these, those; plural marker for groups

อีก

ìik — another, more, again; indicates addition

แห่ง

hàaeng — place, location; classifier for places

รูป

rûup — image, figure, form; shape or picture

เคารพ

khao-róp — to respect, revere; show honor toward someone

เรียง

riiang — to arrange, line up; place in order

ราย

raai — row, list; series or individual items

มาก

mâak — many, much, very; indicates large quantity

มาย

maai — many, numerous; used with มาก for emphasis

ทั้ง

tháng — both, all, entire; inclusive marker

ทุก

thúk — every, all; indicates totality without exception

ประเทศ

prà-thêet — country, nation; sovereign political territory

บน

bon — on, above; preposition indicating upper surface

โลก

lôok — world, earth; the planet or global community

เช่น

chên — such as, for example; introduces an example

นั่น

nân — that; demonstrative pointing to something distant

ด้วย

dûuai — also, with, too; indicates addition or accompaniment

ความ

khwaam — abstract noun prefix; indicates a state or quality

อยาก

yàak — to want, desire; strong wish to do something

ห้าม

hâam — to forbid, prohibit; not allow something

ใจ

jai — heart, mind; seat of emotions and intentions

ไม่

mâi — not; negation particle for present/future tense

เขียน

khǐian — to write; produce written text or letters

ชื่อ

chûue — name; what something or someone is called

ตัว

tua — body, self; classifier for animals and letters

เอง

eeng — oneself; emphasizes self-action or independence

ลง

long — to go down, descend; downward directional verb

จมูก

jà-mùuk — nose; organ for smelling and breathing

สัตว์

sàt — animal; living creature other than a human

ประหลาด

prà-làat — strange, weird; unusually odd or surprising

ทำ

tham — to do, make; perform an action

หิน

hǐn — stone, rock; hard mineral material

ซึ่ง

sûeng — which, that; relative pronoun connector

พิเศษ

phí-sèet — special, extraordinary; beyond the ordinary level

เมื่อ

mûuea — when; refers to a past point in time

เวลา

wee-laa — time; a specific period or moment

ย่ำค่ำ

yâm-khâm — dusk, twilight; early evening time of day

ใกล้

glâi — near, close; short distance in space or time

เข้า

khâo — to enter, go in; inward directional verb

มา

maa — to come; movement toward the speaker

สนใจ

sǒn-jai — to be interested in; find something appealing

ก็

gâaw — also, then; soft connector showing consequence

เริ่ม

rôoem — to begin, start; initiate an action

จาง

jaang — to fade, diminish; become less intense

เดิน

dooen — to walk; move on foot

ผ่าน

phàan — to pass through; go past something

ห้องโถง

hông-thǒong — hall, corridor; large interior passage or room

เล่า

lâo — to tell, narrate; recount a story

เต็ม

tem — full, filled; completely occupied or covered

ฝุ่น

fùn — dust; fine particles settling on surfaces

เงียบ

ngîiap — quiet, silent; absence of noise

สงัด

sà-ngàt — still, deserted; very quiet and undisturbed

มัก

mák — usually, tend to; indicates habitual action

ทรุดโทรม

thrút-soom — dilapidated, run-down; in poor deteriorated condition

จัด

jàt — to arrange, organize; set up in order

แสดง

sà-daaeng — to display, show, perform; present to an audience

บาง

baang — some, thin; a few or slender in thickness

ครั้ง

khráng — time, instance; classifier for occurrences

เพียง

phiiang — only, merely; just a limited amount

กอง

goong — pile, heap; a stack of things together

สนิม

sà-nim — rust; reddish corrosion on iron or metal

ดู

duu — to look, watch; direct eyes toward something

สด

sòt — fresh, vivid; new and not deteriorated

ใหม่

mài — new, again; recently made or repeated

กว่า

gwàa — more than, rather; comparative particle

พบ

phóp — to find, meet, encounter; come across something

กับ

gàp — with, and; together with someone or something

แบบ

bàaep — model, style, type; a pattern or design

จำลอง

jam-loong — to model, replicate; create a copy or simulation

เหมือง

mùueang — mine; excavation site for extracting minerals

ดีบุก

dii-bùk — tin; metallic element used in alloys

อย่าง

yàang — way, type, like; manner or kind of something

กะทันหัน

gà-than-hǎn — suddenly, abruptly; happening without warning

บังเอิญ

bang-ooen — accidentally, by chance; happening unexpectedly

ล้วนๆ

lúuan lúuan — purely, entirely; completely and only that thing

ค้น

khón — to search, rummage; look through carefully

ลูก

lûuk — child, ball, object; classifier for round items

สอง

sǎawng — two; the number two

กล่อง

glàawng — box, container; rectangular storage object

ปิด

pìt — to close, shut; seal or turn off something

สนิท

sà-nìt — tightly, close; firmly sealed or intimate

ตะโกน

tà-goon — to shout, yell; call out loudly

ทุบ

thúp — to pound, smash; hit hard repeatedly

ดีใจ

dii-jai — happy, glad; feeling pleased about something

สงสัย

sǒng-sǎi — to doubt, wonder; feel uncertain about something

ลังเล

lang-lee — to hesitate, waver; uncertain about making a decision

เลือก

lûueak — to choose, select; pick from available options

เล็กๆ

lék lék — small, tiny; diminutive size

ข้างๆ

khâang khâang — beside, next to; at the side of something

ทดลอง

thót-loong — to experiment, test; try out to observe results

รู้สึก

rúu-sùek — to feel, sense; experience an emotion

ผิดหวัง

phìt-wǎng — disappointed; feeling let down by unmet expectations

นี้

níi — this; demonstrative indicating something nearby

ก่อน

gàawn — before, first; earlier in time or order

เหมือน

mǔuean — like, similar to; resembling something else

รอ

roo — to wait; stay in place until something happens

ห้า

hâa — five; the number five

สิบ

sìp — ten; the number ten

สิบห้า

sìp-hâa — fifteen; the number fifteen

นาที

naa-thii — minute; unit of time equal to sixty seconds

เพื่อ

phûuea — in order to, for; indicates purpose of action

วัน

wan — day; a period of twenty-four hours

ขึ้น

khûen — to go up, increase; upward directional verb

แน่นอน

nâae-nàawn — certainly, definitely; without doubt

น่า

nâa — should, likely; suggests probability or expectation

จะ

jà — will, going to; future tense marker

เดา

dao — to guess; make an estimate without certainty

มัน

man — it; third-person pronoun for things or animals

เชื่อ

chûuea — to believe, trust; accept as true

จริงๆ

jing jing — really, truly; emphasizes genuineness or sincerity

หาก

hàak — if, provided that; introduces a conditional clause

ใช่

châi — yes, correct; affirmative confirmation

คง

khong — probably, likely; indicates reasonable assumption

รีบ

rîip — to hurry, rush; act quickly with urgency

วิ่ง

wîng — to run; move fast on foot

ออก

àawk — to go out, exit; move outward from inside

ทันที

than-thii — immediately, at once; without any delay

ประตู

prà-tuu — door, gate; entrance or exit barrier

ทอง

thoong — gold; precious yellow metallic element

สัมฤทธิ์

sǎm-rít — bronze; alloy of copper and tin

โอกาส

oo-gàat — opportunity, chance; favorable moment to act

ค้นหา

khón-hǎa — to search for, look up; seek something deliberately

เครื่องจักร

khrûueang-jàk — machine, machinery; mechanical device doing work

ทั้งหมด

tháng-mòt — all, everything; total without exception

ให้

hâi — to give, let, for; causative or benefactive marker

หาย

hǎai — to disappear, recover; no longer present

สาบสูญ

sàap-sǔun — lost, vanished; permanently gone or disappeared

พร้อม

phróom — ready, prepared; all set to proceed

กัน

gan — together, each other; mutual or collective action

หลัง

lǎng — after, behind, back; rear or subsequent position

เรา

rao — we, us; first-person plural pronoun

ถึง

thǔeng — to reach, arrive at; get to a destination

ลาน

laan — courtyard, open area; flat outdoor space

เปิด

pòoet — to open, turn on; make accessible or active

ภายใน

phaai-nai — inside, within; interior of a space or time

พระราชวัง

phrá-râat-chá-wang — royal palace; official residence of a monarch