The war of the worlds — Page 41

Vocabulary

ใน

nai — Preposition meaning 'in' or 'inside' a place.

ตอน

tawn — Period of time; when; episode or moment.

แรก

râek — First; the earliest occurrence of something.

ปาก

bpàak — Mouth; the opening used for speaking or eating.

และ

láe — Conjunction meaning 'and'; linking words or clauses.

คอ

kaw — Neck; the part connecting head and body.

ของ

khǎwng — Possessive particle meaning 'of' or 'belonging to'.

ฉัน

chǎn — First-person pronoun 'I' used by female or casual speakers.

แห้ง

hâeng — Dry; lacking moisture or liquid.

แรง

raeng — Strong; forceful; with great intensity or power.

กาย

gaai — Body; the physical form of a person.

ก็

gâw — Particle meaning 'also', 'then', or 'so' in context.

ถอย

thǎwy — To retreat; move backward or step back.

ลง

long — Down; to descend or decrease in level.

อย่าง

yàang — Type; manner; in the way of something.

เห็น

hěn — To see; to visually perceive something.

ได้

dâai — Can; to be able to; also marks past accomplishment.

ชัด

chát — Clear; distinct; easy to see or understand.

นั่ง

nâng — To sit; to be in a seated position.

อยู่

yùu — To be; to stay; to reside at a location.

ความ

khwaam — Abstract noun prefix indicating a state or concept.

มืด

mûet — Dark; absence of light; darkness.

ห้อง

hâwng — Room; an enclosed space inside a building.

ล้าง

láang — To wash; to clean something with water.

จาน

jaan — Plate; a flat dish used for serving food.

ด้วย

dûay — Also; with; used to indicate accompaniment or addition.

รู้สึก

rúu-sùek — To feel; to sense an emotion or physical sensation.

หด

hòt — To shrink; to contract or withdraw inward.

สิ้น

sîn — To exhaust; to end; completely finished or depleted.

หวัง

wǎng — To hope; to wish for a desired outcome.

จิตใจ

jìt-jai — Mind; heart; the inner mental and emotional state.

วน

won — To circle; to go around repeatedly in loops.

เวียน

wiian — To revolve; to spin; dizzy or circling sensation.

กับ

gàp — With; together with; also used as a connector.

เรื่อง

rûeang — Story; matter; topic or issue being discussed.

การ

gaan — Nominalizing prefix indicating an action or process.

กิน

gin — To eat; to consume food or drink informally.

อาหาร

aa-hǎan — Food; any substance eaten for nourishment.

คิด

khít — To think; to consider or have a thought.

ว่า

wâa — That; to say; introduces a reported clause.

ตัวเอง

tua-eeng — Oneself; referring reflexively to one's own self.

หู

hǔu — Ear; the organ used for hearing sounds.

หนวก

nùak — Deaf; unable to hear sounds; hearing impaired.

ไป

bpai — To go; to move away from the current location.

แล้ว

láew — Already; then; indicating completion of an action.

เพราะ

phráw — Because; due to; indicating reason or cause.

เสียง

sǐang — Sound; voice; any audible noise or tone.

เคลื่อนไหว

khlûean-wǎi — To move; to make physical movement or motion.

ที่

thîi — At; place; relative pronoun 'that/which' in context.

เคย

khoei — Used to; to have previously done something before.

ได้ยิน

dâai-yin — To hear; to receive sound through the ears.

จาก

jàak — From; away from; indicating origin or departure.

หลุม

lǔm — Pit; hole; a hollow or cavity in the ground.

นั้น

nán — That; those; referring to something previously mentioned.

หยุด

yùt — To stop; to cease an activity or movement.

สิ้นเชิง

sîn-choeng — Completely; entirely; in an absolute and total manner.

ไม่

mâi — Not; negation particle used before verbs and adjectives.

มี

mii — To have; to exist; there is or there are.

พอ

phaw — Enough; sufficient; just as soon as something happens.

จะ

jà — Will; future tense marker indicating intent or prediction.

คลาน

khlaan — To crawl; to move on hands and knees slowly.

รู

ruu — Hole; a small opening or aperture in something.

แอบ

âep — To hide; to do something secretly or stealthily.

มอง

mawng — To look; to direct one's gaze at something.

เงียบ

ngîap — Quiet; silent; free from noise or disturbance.

เช่น

chên — For example; such as; used to give examples.

คง

khong — Probably; likely; expressing assumption or presumption.

วัน

wan — Day; a 24-hour period in the calendar.

สิบ

sìp — Ten; the number 10 in Thai counting.

สอง

sǎwng — Two; the number 2 in Thai counting.

เจ็บ

jèp — To hurt; to feel pain from injury or illness.

ปวด

bpùat — To ache; a dull persistent pain in the body.

มาก

mâak — Very; a lot; indicating high degree or quantity.

จน

jon — Until; to the point that; poor (context-dependent).

ยอม

yawm — To yield; to agree reluctantly; to give in.

เสี่ยง

sìang — To risk; to take a chance with possible danger.

ทำให้

tham-hâi — To cause; to make something happen or become.

พวก

phûak — Group; bunch; those people or that group collectively.

ตื่น

tùen — To wake up; to become alert or aroused suddenly.

ตระหนก

trà-nòk — To be startled; to panic with sudden fear or alarm.

โดย

doi — By; through; indicating means, method, or agent.

บุก

bùk — To invade; to force one's way into aggressively.

ปั๊ม

bpám — Pump; to pump liquid; also a gas station.

น้ำฝน

nám-fǒn — Rainwater; water that has fallen from rain clouds.

ส่ง

sòng — To send; to deliver or transmit something to someone.

ดัง

dang — Loud; famous; making a strong audible sound.

ซึ่ง

sûeng — Which; that; relative pronoun connecting clauses formally.

ตั้ง

tâng — To set up; to place upright; to establish something.

ข้าง

khâang — Side; beside; the lateral area next to something.

อ่าง

àang — Basin; bowl; a large container for holding liquid.

ดำ

dam — Black; the darkest color; also to dive underwater.

คล้ำ

khlâm — Dark-toned; murky; having a deep dark coloration.

เน่า

nâo — Rotten; decayed; decomposed organic matter smelling foul.

เสีย

sǐa — Broken; ruined; to go bad or become damaged.

มา

maa — To come; to move toward the speaker's location.

สาม

sǎam — Three; the number 3 in Thai counting system.

แก้ว

gâew — Glass; a drinking cup made of glass material.

สิ่ง

sìng — Thing; object; an abstract or physical item or matter.

นี้

níi — This; these; indicating something nearby or just mentioned.

สด

sòt — Fresh; raw; not cooked or spoiled; lively.

ชื่น

chûen — Refreshed; cheerful; feeling cool and pleasant relief.

ขึ้น

khûen — Up; to rise; to increase or go upward.

กล้า

glâa — Brave; daring; having courage to face danger.

เมื่อ

mûea — When; at the time that a past event occurred.

หนวด

nùat — Mustache; whiskers; facial hair above the upper lip.

สอด

sàwt — To insert; to slip something into an opening carefully.

ส่าย

sàai — To sway; to move side to side repeatedly.

ใดๆ

dai-dai — Any; whatsoever; referring to any possible thing.

ตาม

taam — To follow; according to; in accordance with something.

หลัง

lǎng — After; back; behind; the rear part of something.

สูบ

sùup — To pump; to smoke; to draw in by suction.

น้ำ

nám — Water; liquid; the clear drinkable natural substance.

ตลอด

tà-lòat — Throughout; the whole time; from start to finish.

ช่วง

chûang — Period; interval; a span or range of time.

เหล่า

lào — Those; a group of; plural marker for a set.

ไร้

rái — Without; lacking; devoid of a particular quality.

ทิศทาง

thít-thaang — Direction; the course or path something is heading.

ข้อ

khâw — Point; clause; item in a list or joint of body.

สรุป

sà-rùp — To summarize; to conclude with a brief overview.

เกี่ยวกับ

gìaw-gàp — About; regarding; concerning a particular topic or subject.

บาท

bàat — Baht; Thai currency unit; also a foot measurement.

หลวง

lǔang — Royal; large; belonging to the king or state.

วิธี

wí-thii — Method; way; a procedure for doing something.

เขา

khǎo — He; she; they; third-person pronoun in Thai.

ตาย

taai — To die; to cease living; dead or lifeless state.

ดื่ม

dùem — To drink; to swallow liquid through the mouth.

เพิ่ม

phôem — To add; to increase the amount or quantity of.

อีก

ìik — More; again; another instance or additional amount.

บ้าง

bâang — Some; somewhat; a little; any (softening particle).

งีบ

ngîp — To nap; to take a short brief sleep.

หลับ

làp — To sleep; to be in a state of slumber.

ต่อเนื่อง

tàw-nûeang — Continuous; ongoing; happening without interruption over time.

แผน

phǎen — Plan; a strategy or scheme for achieving something.

หลบ

lòp — To dodge; to evade; to avoid by moving away.

หนี

nǐi — To flee; to escape from a dangerous situation.

คลุมเครือ

khlum-khruea — Vague; ambiguous; unclear and hard to interpret.

เป็น

bpen — To be; to exist as; linking subject to description.

ทุก

thúk — Every; all; each without exception in a group.

ครั้ง

khráng — Time; occasion; a single instance of an event.

ฝัน

fǎn — To dream; a sequence of images experienced while sleeping.

ถึง

thǔeng — To reach; until; about; arriving at a destination.

ภาพ

phâap — Image; picture; a visual representation of something.

หลอน

lǎwn — To haunt; to cause fright through eerie appearances.

น่า

nâa — Worth; worthy of; prefix indicating something deserves feeling.

สยอง

sà-yawng — Terrifying; causing extreme horror or frightful dread.

หรือ

rǔe — Or; whether; used to present an alternative option.

ค่ำ

khâm — Evening; nightfall; the time when darkness begins.

สุด

sùt — Most; extreme; the utmost end or limit of something.

อลังการ

à-lang-gaan — Magnificent; grand; spectacularly impressive and elaborate.

แต่

tàe — But; however; used to introduce a contrasting idea.

แหลม

lǎem — Sharp-pointed; a cape of land; having a sharp tip.

คม

khom — Sharp; keen-edged; having a fine cutting edge.

กระตุ้น

grà-tûn — To stimulate; to provoke; to urge into action.

ให้

hâi — To give; to allow; causative marker in Thai grammar.

ซ้ำ

sám — To repeat; again; doing the same thing once more.

เล่า

lâo — To narrate; to tell a story or recount events.

แสง

sǎeng — Light; a beam of illumination from a source.

ส่อง

sàwng — To shine; to illuminate; to cast light onto something.

เข้า

khâo — To enter; to go into; inward direction movement.

ไม่ใช่

mâi-châi — Is not; used to negate identity or classification.

สี

sǐi — Color; a hue visible to the eye; also paint.

เทา

thao — Gray; an intermediate color between black and white.

ต่อ

tàw — To continue; next; per; connecting or extending something.

กลาย

glaai — To become; to transform into a different state.

แดง

daeng — Red; the color of blood or ripe tomatoes.

จินตนาการ

jin-tà-naa-gaan — Imagination; the ability to form mental images creatively.

มัน

man — It; that thing; third-person pronoun for non-humans.

ดู

duu — To look; to watch; to observe something visually.

เหมือน

mǔean — Like; similar to; resembling another thing or person.

เลือด

lûeat — Blood; the red fluid circulating in the body.