The Wind in the Willows — Page 188

Vocabulary

เขา

khao — He, she, or they; third-person pronoun

พึมพำ

phuem pham — To mutter or mumble quietly to oneself

คำพูด

kham phut — Words, speech, or what someone says

ใต้

tai — Under, below, or beneath something

ลม

lom — Wind or air; also refers to breath informally

หายใจ

hai jai — To breathe; the act of breathing

ที่

thi — At, which, where; relative pronoun or place marker

ไม่

mai — Not; negation word used before verbs

ควร

khuan — Should, ought to; expresses recommendation or duty

ผ่าน

phan — To pass through or go past something

ริม

rim — Edge, border, or side of something

ฝีปาก

fi pak — Lips; also skill in speaking or eloquence

ของ

khong — Of, belonging to; possessive particle

ทั้ง

thang — Both, all, entire; inclusive quantifier

แม่บ้าน

mae ban — Housewife or housekeeper managing domestic duties

ซักผ้า

sak pha — To wash or launder clothes

หรือ

rue — Or; used to present alternatives or ask questions

คางคก

khang khok — Toad; a warty amphibian

เลย

loei — At all, ever, so; intensifier or result marker

และ

lae — And; conjunction connecting words or clauses

ทำ

tham — To do, make, or perform an action

สบู่

sabu — Soap used for washing or cleaning

หล่น

lon — To drop or fall down from a position

อีก

ik — Again, more, another; indicates repetition or addition

ครั้ง

khrang — Time, occasion, instance of an event

เป็น

pen — To be; linking verb indicating state or identity

ห้าสิบ

ha sip — Fifty; the number 50

เสียง

siang — Sound, voice, or noise

หัวเราะ

hua ro — To laugh; expressing amusement audibly

ดัง

dang — Loud; producing a strong sound

ขึ้น

khuen — Up, to rise; directional or intensifying particle

ทำให้

tham hai — To cause, make, or cause something to happen

ตั้ง

tang — To set up, establish, or position upright

ตัว

tua — Body, self; classifier for animals and some objects

ตรง

trong — Straight, direct, upright; exactly at a point

มอง

mong — To look at or gaze toward something

ไป

pai — To go; directional particle indicating away from speaker

รอบๆ

rop rop — Around, surrounding, in all directions nearby

หญิง

ying — Woman, female; referring to the female gender

บน

bon — On, on top of, above a surface

เรือ

ruea — Boat or ship used for water transport

บรรทุก

ban thuk — To carry cargo or load goods onto a vehicle

สินค้า

sin kha — Goods, merchandise, or products for trade

เอน

en — To lean, tilt, or recline to one side

ข้างหลัง

khang lang — Behind, at the back of something or someone

อย่าง

yang — Like, as, in a manner of; type or kind

ยั้ง

yang — To hold back, restrain, or stop oneself

จน

jon — Until, to the point that; also means poor

น้ำตา

nam ta — Tears; liquid from the eyes when crying

ไหล

lai — To flow or stream, as liquid moves

ลงมา

long ma — To come down, flow downward toward speaker

แก้ม

kaem — Cheek; the side area of the face

เธอ

thoe — You or she; second or third person pronoun

ฉัน

chan — I, me; first-person pronoun used by females or informally

จับตา

jap ta — To watch closely or keep an eye on

อยู่

yu — To be located, to stay; continuative aspect marker

ตลอด

talot — Throughout, all along, the entire duration

เวลา

wela — Time; a period or moment in time

พูด

phut — To speak or talk to someone

หอบ

hop — To pant, breathe rapidly with effort or excitement

คิด

khit — To think, consider, or have a thought

ว่า

wa — That; complementizer introducing a reported clause

ต้อง

tong — Must, have to; expresses necessity or obligation

คน

khon — Person, people; human being

หลอกลวง

lok luang — To deceive or cheat someone dishonestly

มา

ma — To come; directional particle toward speaker

จาก

jak — From; indicating origin or starting point

ท่าที

tha thi — Attitude, manner, or demeanor shown outwardly

หยิ่งยโส

ying ya so — Arrogant, haughty, full of pride

น่าขัน

na khan — Laughable, ridiculous, deserving of mockery

เคย

khoei — To have ever done; indicates past experience

ซัก

sak — To wash clothes by scrubbing or laundering

แม้แต่

mae tae — Even; used to emphasize an extreme case

ผ้า

pha — Cloth, fabric, or textile material

เช็ด

chet — To wipe or dry a surface with cloth

จาน

jan — Plate or dish used for serving food

สักครั้ง

sak khrang — Even once, at least one time ever

ใน

nai — In, inside, within a place or time

ชีวิต

chiwit — Life; one's existence or living experience

พนัน

phanan — To bet, gamble, or make a wager

ได้

dai — Can, able to; also past tense marker

อารมณ์

aarom — Emotion, mood, or feeling state

คุกรุ่น

khuk run — Smoldering, simmering with suppressed intense emotion

ดุเดือด

du dueat — Fierce, intense, furiously heated in conflict

ระยะ

raya — Period, distance, or interval of space or time

หนึ่ง

nueng — One; the number one

แล้ว

laeo — Already, then; indicates completion of an action

บัดนี้

bat ni — Now, at this very moment; formal usage

ระเบิด

raboet — To explode, burst out; also a bomb

ออกมา

ok ma — To come out, emerge from inside outward

เต็มที่

tem thi — Fully, completely, at full capacity or effort

ก็

ko — Also, then, well; discourse particle linking clauses

สูญเสีย

sun sia — To lose something or suffer a loss

การ

kan — Nominalizer prefix; turns verbs into abstract nouns

ควบคุม

khuap khum — To control, manage, or have authority over

ตัวเอง

tua eng — Oneself; reflexive pronoun referring back to subject

ทั้งหมด

thang mot — All, everything, the entire amount or group

นั่นแหละ

nan lae — That's exactly it; emphatic confirmation particle

สามัญ

saman — Common, ordinary, or of a lower social rank

ต่ำต้อย

tam toi — Lowly, humble, of inferior social standing

อ้วนท้วน

uan thuan — Plump, chubby, well-rounded in body size

ตะโกน

takon — To shout or yell loudly at someone

อย่า

ya — Don't; negative imperative to prohibit an action

กล้า

kla — Brave, daring, bold enough to do something

กับ

kap — With, and; preposition linking nouns or people

ผู้

phu — Person who; nominalizer for agent or person

เหนือ

nuea — Above, over, north; higher than something else

กว่า

kwa — More than, greater than; comparative marker

นั้น

nan — That; demonstrative pronoun referring to distant thing

จริงๆ

jing jing — Really, truly, genuinely; strong emphasis on truth

อยาก

yak — To want, desire, or wish for something

ให้

hai — To give; causative marker or purpose indicator

รู้

ru — To know, be aware of facts or information

คือ

khue — Is, namely; equating or explaining something definitively

มี

mi — To have, there is or are; possession verb

ชื่อเสียง

chue siang — Reputation, fame, or renown among people

เคารพ

khaorop — To respect or show reverence toward someone

นับถือ

nap thue — To hold in high regard, respect, or revere

โดดเด่น

dot den — Outstanding, prominent, standing out from others

มาก

mak — Very, much, many; indicates large degree or quantity

อาจ

at — Might, may; expresses possibility or uncertainty

สถานการณ์

sathanakan — Situation, circumstances, or current state of affairs

ยาก

yak — Difficult, hard; not easy to do or achieve

ลำบาก

lambak — Difficult, troublesome, hardship-causing situation

บ้าง

bang — Some, somewhat; indicates partial or occasional occurrence

ตอนนี้

ton ni — Right now, at this current moment

แต่

tae — But, however; conjunction showing contrast

จะ

ja — Will, going to; future tense marker

ยอม

yom — To yield, accept, or submit to something

เยาะ

yo — To mock, sneer at, or ridicule someone

เดิน

doen — To walk; to move on foot

เข้า

khao — To enter, go in; directional particle inward

ใกล้

klai — Near, close to; short distance from something

จดจ่อ

jot jo — To focus intently, concentrate fixedly on something

หมวก

muak — Hat or cap worn on the head

โอ้

o — Oh; exclamation expressing surprise or realization

ใช่แล้ว

chai laeo — Yes, that's right; affirmative confirmation expression

นั่นเอง

nan eng — That's exactly it; that is the very thing

ร้อง

rong — To cry, call out, or sing loudly

น่าเชื่อ

na chuea — Believable, credible, worthy of being trusted

น่า

na — Worth, deserving of; precedes adjectives to express quality

ขยะแขยง

khaya khayaeng — Disgusting, revolting, causing strong disgust or repulsion

สกปรก

sok kaprok — Dirty, filthy, unclean in condition

คลาน

khlan — To crawl or creep on hands and knees

ไปมา

pai ma — Back and forth; moving in both directions

สะอาด

sa-at — Clean, tidy, free from dirt or filth

ด้วย

duai — Also, too, with; additive or instrumental particle

นี่

ni — This, here; demonstrative for nearby things

สิ่ง

sing — Thing, object, or abstract matter

ทน

thon — To endure, tolerate, or withstand something difficult

ปล่อย

ploi — To release, let go, or set free

พวงมาลัย

phuang malai — Steering wheel; also a garland of flowers

ออก

ok — Out, to exit; directional particle outward

ชั่วครู่

chua khru — For a moment, briefly, a short while

แขน

khaen — Arm; the upper limb of the body

ใหญ่

yai — Big, large, great in size

ลาย

lai — Pattern, stripe, or design on a surface

ด่าง

dang — Spotted, patchy, blotched in color or pattern

ยื่น

yuen — To extend, reach out, or hand something over

จับ

jap — To grab, catch, or hold something firmly

ขา

kha — Leg; the lower limb of the body

หน้า

na — Face; front; next; page

ขณะ

khana — Moment, while, during a period of time

ข้าง

khang — Side, beside, next to something or someone

กุม

kum — To grasp, clutch, or hold tightly in hand

หลัง

lang — Back, behind, after; the rear side

ไว้

wai — To keep, retain; aspect marker for maintained state

แน่น

naen — Tight, firm, tightly packed or held