Through the Looking-Glass — Page 4

Vocabulary

นั่น

nân — That; referring to something previously mentioned or nearby

คือ

khʉʉ — Is; to be; used for definition or identification

ความผิด

khwaam phìt — Fault, wrongdoing, offense, or mistake

สาม

sǎam — The number three

ครั้ง

khrâng — Time, instance, occasion; counter for occurrences

แล้ว

lɛ́ɛw — Already; then; indicating completed action

นะ

ná — Softening particle seeking agreement or softening tone

และ

lɛ́ — And; used to connect words or clauses

เธอ

tʰəə — She, her, or you (informal, usually female)

ยัง

yang — Still, yet; indicating ongoing or incomplete state

ไม่

mâi — Not; general negation marker in Thai

ได้

dâai — Can, able to; also marks past tense or permission

รับ

ráp — To receive, accept, or pick up something

โทษ

thôot — Punishment, penalty; also used in apology phrases

สัก

sàk — Even one; just a little; emphasizes small quantity

เลย

ləəy — At all; then; indeed; emphasizing negation or result

ก็

gɔ̂ɔ — Also, then, well; connecting or softening particle

รู้

rúu — To know, to be aware of something

ว่า

wâa — That; to say; introduces reported speech or clauses

ฉัน

chǎn — I, me; first-person pronoun used by females or informally

กำลัง

gamlang — Currently doing; in the process of; progressive marker

สะสม

sàsǒm — To collect, accumulate, or gather over time

บทลงโทษ

bòt long thôot — Punishment, penalty, or disciplinary consequence

ทั้งหมด

tháng mòt — All, everything, the total amount or whole

ของ

khɔ̌ɔng — Of; belonging to; possessive particle in Thai

ไว้

wái — To keep, save, or set aside for later use

สำหรับ

sǎmràp — For; intended for a specific purpose or person

วัน

wan — Day; a unit of time

พุธ

phút — Wednesday; the fourth day of the week

สัปดาห์

sàpdaa — Week; a period of seven days

หน้า

nâa — Next; face; front; page depending on context

ถ้า

thâa — If; conditional conjunction introducing hypothetical situations

หาก

hàak — If; a more formal conditional conjunction in Thai

พวก

phûak — Group of people; they; classifier for groups

เขา

kháo — He, she, they; third-person pronoun in Thai

บ้าง

bâang — Some, somewhat; indicates partial or vague quantity

ล่ะ

lâ — Emphasis particle; so? then? what about?

พูด

phûut — To speak, talk, or say something

ต่อ

tɔ̀ɔ — To continue; per; connected to; against

ไป

pai — To go; away; indicates movement away from speaker

โดย

dooy — By, through, by means of; indicates method or agent

กับ

gàp — With; and; together with someone or something

ตัวเอง

tua eeng — Oneself; myself, yourself, himself depending on context

มากกว่า

mâak gwàa — More than; greater in quantity or degree

ลูกแมว

lûuk mɛɛw — Kitten; a young cat

ทำ

tham — To do, make, or perform an action

อะไร

àrai — What; used in questions asking for identification

เมื่อ

mʉ̂a — When; at the time that; referring to past time

สิ้น

sîn — End, finish; to expire or run out completely

ปี

pii — Year; a unit of time equal to twelve months

คง

khong — Probably, likely; expressing probability or supposition

จะ

jà — Will, going to; future tense marker in Thai

ถูก

thùuk — To be; cheap; correct; passive voice marker in Thai

ส่ง

sòng — To send, deliver, or dispatch something or someone

เข้า

kháo — To enter, go into; inward direction particle

คุก

khúk — Prison, jail; a place of incarceration

คิด

khít — To think, consider, or calculate something

อย่างนั้น

yàang nán — Like that, in that way, in such a manner

ถึง

thʉ̌ng — To reach, arrive at; until; about; regarding

นั้น

nán — That (specific); referring to something already mentioned

หรือ

rʉ̌ʉ — Or; used in questions and to present alternatives

ให้

hâi — To give; for; causative marker; so that

ดู

duu — To look, watch, or observe something

สมมติ

sǒmmút — To suppose, assume, or hypothetically imagine a scenario

แต่ละ

tɛ̀ lɛ́ — Each, every individual item or instance separately

การ

gaan — Nominalizer prefix indicating an action or process

อด

òt — To abstain, refrain, or go without something

อาหารเย็น

aahǎan yen — Dinner; the evening meal

หนึ่ง

nʉ̀ng — One; the number one; a single unit

มื้อ

mʉ́ʉ — Meal; classifier for meals or servings of food

อัน

an — General classifier for objects; one (informal)

น่าสังเวช

nâa sǎngwêet — Pitiful, pathetic, evoking pity or compassion

ต้อง

tɔ̂ng — Must, have to; obligated to do something

ห้าสิบ

hâa sìp — Fifty; the number fifty

ใน

nai — In, inside, within a place or time period

คราว

khraaw — Time, occasion, instance of an event occurring

เดียว

diao — Single, alone, only one; just a moment

ดี

dii — Good, fine, nice, well; positive quality

ค่อย

khɔ̂y — Gradually, slowly; then (in sequence); somewhat

แคร์

khɛɛ — To care about; borrowed from English 'care'

เท่าไหร่

thâo rài — How much, how many; asking about quantity or price

อยาก

yàak — To want, desire, or wish to do something

อาหาร

aahǎan — Food; meals; nourishment in general

เหล่า

lào — Those; classifier indicating a group or category

ที่

thîi — At, place; relative pronoun; nominalizer particle

กิน

gin — To eat or consume food or drink

มัน

man — It; him/her (informal); oily; refers to things or people

เสีย

sǐa — Broken, spoiled; to lose; unfortunately; away

อีก

ìik — More, again, another; additional occurrence or amount

ได้ยิน

dâai yin — To hear; to perceive sound with the ears

เสียง

sǐang — Sound, voice, noise; audio perception

หิมะ

hìmá — Snow; frozen precipitation falling from the sky

ปะทะ

pàthá — To hit, collide, clash, or strike against something

กระจก

gràjòk — Glass; mirror; window pane

หน้าต่าง

nâa tàang — Window; an opening in a wall with glass

ไหม

mǎi — Question particle indicating yes/no question

ช่าง

châang — How very; skillful; technician; emphasis on quality

น่าฟัง

nâa fang — Worth listening to; pleasant sounding; appealing to hear

นุ่มนวล

nûm nuan — Soft, gentle, smooth in sound or manner

เหลือเกิน

lʉ̌a gəən — Excessively, extremely, beyond measure or expectation

ราวกับ

raaw gàp — As if, as though, like; making a comparison

มี

mii — To have; there is/are; to possess something

ใคร

khrai — Who, someone, anyone; used in questions and statements

บางคน

baang khon — Someone, some people; an unspecified individual person

จูบ

jùup — To kiss; a kiss on the lips or cheek

ทั่ว

thûa — All over, throughout, everywhere, across an area

ทุก

thúk — Every, all, each; referring to all items in a set

ด้าน

dâan — Side, aspect, dimension; direction of something

จาก

jàak — From; away from; originating at a place or time

นอก

nɔ̂ɔk — Outside, exterior; beyond a boundary or place

สงสัย

sǒngsǎi — To wonder, doubt, suspect, or be curious about

รัก

rák — To love; affection and deep caring for someone

ต้นไม้

tôn máai — Tree; a large woody plant

ทุ่งนา

thûng naa — Rice field, paddy field; open rural farmland

เปล่า

plào — Empty, bare; no, not really; just, only

จึง

jʉng — Therefore, so, thus; indicating result or consequence

อย่าง

yàang — Kind, type, way, manner; like, as

อ่อนโยน

ɔ̀ɔn yoon — Gentle, tender, soft in behavior or manner

เช่น

chên — Such as, for example, like; introducing examples

คลุม

khlum — To cover, drape, or wrap something over another

อบอุ่น

òp ùn — Warm; cozy; comfortably heated physically or emotionally

ด้วย

dûay — Also, too, as well; with; using; by means of

ผ้าห่ม

phâa hòm — Blanket; a covering used for warmth during sleep

สี

sǐi — Color; paint; shade or hue of something

ขาว

khǎao — White; the color white

บางที

baang thii — Sometimes, perhaps, maybe; indicating uncertainty or possibility

อาจ

àat — Might, may, possibly; expressing possibility or uncertainty

จง

jong — Imperative particle; let, shall, must (poetic/formal)

นอนหลับ

nɔɔn làp — To sleep; to lie down and be asleep

เถิด

thəət — Particle urging action; go ahead, please do (poetic)

ที่รัก

thîi rák — Beloved, dear, darling; term of endearment for someone

จน

jon — Until; poor; up to a point in time

กว่า

gwàa — More than; until; comparative degree marker

ฤดูร้อน

rʉ́duu rɔ́ɔn — Summer; the hot season of the year

กลับ

glàp — To return, go back; reversal of direction or state

มา

maa — To come; movement toward the speaker

ตื่น

tʉ̀ʉn — To wake up, awaken; to be alert or startled

ขึ้น

khʉ̂n — To rise, go up; upward direction; increase

แต่งตัว

tɛ̀ng tua — To dress, get dressed, put on clothing

เขียว

khǐao — Green; the color green

เต้น

tên — To dance; to jump; to beat (of heart)

ระบำ

rábam — Dance; a traditional or performed style of dancing

ลม

lom — Wind; breeze; air current; also means gas (body)

พัด

phát — To blow (of wind); a fan; to fan something

สวยงาม

sǔay ngaam — Beautiful, lovely, gorgeous in appearance or form

ร้อง

rɔ́ɔng — To sing, cry out, shout, or call loudly

ออก

ɔ̀ɔk — Out, outside; to exit or emerge from somewhere

ปล่อย

plɔ̀y — To release, let go, set free something or someone

ลูกบอล

lûuk bɔɔn — Ball; a spherical object used in games or play

ด้าย

dâai — Thread, yarn; thin strand used for sewing

ขนสัตว์

khǒn sàt — Wool; animal fur or fiber used for textiles

ปรบมือ

pròp mʉʉ — To clap hands; to applaud in appreciation

เป็น

pen — To be; to have a condition; to exist as something

เรื่อง

rʉ̂ang — Story, matter, topic, issue; about something

จริง

jing — True, real, genuine, actual; really, truly

จริงๆ

jing jing — Really, truly, seriously; emphasizing sincerity or truth

แน่ใจ

nɛ̂jai — Sure, certain, confident about something being true

ป่าไม้

pâa máai — Forest, woodland; an area densely covered with trees

ง่วงนอน

ngûang nɔɔn — Sleepy, drowsy; feeling the urge to sleep

ฤดูใบไม้ร่วง

rʉ́duu bai máai rûang — Autumn, fall; the season when leaves fall down

ใบไม้

bai máai — Leaf; leaves of a plant or tree

เปลี่ยน

plìan — To change, switch, replace, or transform something

น้ำตาล

nám taan — Sugar; also means the color brown

เล่น

lên — To play; to engage in games or leisure activity

หมากรุก

màak rúk — Chess; the strategic board game with pieces