Through the Looking-Glass — Page 10

Vocabulary

เรา

rao — We or I; first person pronoun

เกือบ

kueap — Almost, nearly reaching a certain point

ถึง

theung — To reach, arrive at, or until

แล้ว

laeo — Already; indicates completed action or then

หรือ

rue — Or; used to connect alternatives or ask questions

ยัง

yang — Still, yet; indicates ongoing or incomplete action

พูด

phut — To speak, talk, or say something

หอบ

hop — To pant, breathe heavily from exertion

ออกมา

ok ma — To come out, emerge from inside somewhere

ได้

dai — Can, able to; indicates ability or past action

ใน

nai — In, inside, within a place or time

ที่สุด

thi sut — The most; superlative marker in Thai

ราชินี

ra-chi-ni — Queen; female royal ruler of a kingdom

ซ้ำ

sam — To repeat, do again; repetition of action

ทำไม

tham-mai — Why; asking for a reason or cause

ผ่าน

phan — To pass through or by something

มัน

man — It; third person pronoun for things or animals

ไป

pai — To go; indicates movement away from speaker

ตั้ง

tang — To set up, establish; as many as (quantifier)

สิบ

sip — Ten; the number 10 in Thai

นาที

na-thi — Minute; unit of time, sixty seconds

เร็ว

reo — Fast, quick, rapidly moving or done

ขึ้น

khuen — To go up, rise; directional particle upward

และ

lae — And; conjunction connecting words or clauses

พวกเขา

phuak khao — They, them; third person plural pronoun

ก็

ko — Also, then, so; discourse particle linking ideas

วิ่ง

wing — To run, move quickly on foot

ต่อไป

to pai — To continue, carry on going forward

สักพัก

sak phak — For a while, a short period of time

ความเงียบ

khwam ngiap — Silence, quietness; absence of sound around

โดยมี

doi mi — With, accompanied by; having something present

ลม

lom — Wind; moving air, breeze or gust

พัด

phat — To blow (of wind); fan or flutter

หวีด

wит — To whistle shrilly; high-pitched whistling sound

หู

hu — Ear; body part used for hearing

ของ

khong — Of, belonging to; possessive particle in Thai

จะ

cha — Will, going to; future tense marker

ผม

phom — I, me; polite first person male pronoun

เธอ

thoe — She, her, you; informal pronoun for females

ออกจาก

ok chak — To exit from, leave a place

หัว

hua — Head; top part of the body

นึก

neuek — To think, recall, or imagine something

เอา

ao — To take, get, or want something

เอง

eng — Self, oneself; emphasizes the subject acting alone

ตอนนี้

ton ni — Now, at this moment, currently happening

ร้อง

rong — To cry out, sing, or shout loudly

ตะโกน

ta-kon — To shout, yell loudly at someone

มาก

mak — Very, a lot, much; intensifier of degree

จน

chon — Until, to the point that; so much

ดูเหมือนว่า

du muean wa — It seems that, appears as though something

ลอย

loi — To float, drift, hover in air or water

เฉียด

chiat — To graze, pass very close to something

อากาศ

a-kat — Air, atmosphere; also means weather in Thai

แทบ

thaep — Almost, hardly, barely; near to an extreme

ไม่ได้

mai dai — Cannot, did not; negates ability or past action

แตะ

tae — To touch lightly, make brief contact with

พื้น

phuean — Floor, ground; flat surface underfoot

ด้วย

duay — Also, too, with; accompaniment or addition particle

เท้า

thao — Foot; lower body part used for walking

เลย

loei — At all, so, right away; emphatic particle

จนกระทั่ง

chon kra-thang — Until, up to the point when something occurs

ทันใด

than-dai — Suddenly, all at once, immediately without warning

นั้น

nan — That, those; demonstrative referring to something distant

ขณะที่

kha-na thi — While, at the moment that something happens

กำลัง

kam-lang — Currently doing; present progressive tense marker

เหนื่อยล้า

neuay la — Exhausted, tired out from effort or exertion

หยุด

yut — To stop, cease movement or an activity

พบว่า

phop wa — To find that, discover that something is so

ตัวเอง

tua eng — Oneself, themselves; reflexive pronoun in Thai

นั่ง

nang — To sit down on a surface or seat

อยู่บน

yu bon — To be on top of, situated upon something

หายใจ

hai jai — To breathe; inhale and exhale air

ไม่ทัน

mai than — Not in time, unable to catch up with

หัวหมุน

hua mun — Dizzy, head spinning from confusion or exertion

พยุง

pha-yung — To support, prop up, hold something steady

ให้

hai — To give; causative marker; for the benefit of

พิง

phing — To lean against something for support

ต้นไม้

ton mai — Tree; a large woody plant with trunk

อย่าง

yang — In a manner, like, as; adverbial modifier

ใจดี

jai di — Kind-hearted, generous, having a good heart

ว่า

wa — That; quotative particle introducing reported speech

พัก

phak — To rest, take a break from activity

สักหน่อย

sak noi — A little bit, just a small amount

มอง

mong — To look at, gaze toward something

รอบๆ

rop rop — Around, all around, in every direction

ความ

khwam — Nominalizing prefix creating abstract nouns from adjectives

ประหลาดใจ

pra-lat jai — Surprised, astonished by something unexpected

ฉัน

chan — I, me; first person pronoun for females

เชื่อ

chuea — To believe, trust, have faith in something

อยู่

yu — To be, stay, reside at a location

ใต้

tai — Under, beneath, below a surface or object

นี้

ni — This, these; demonstrative for nearby things

ตลอด

ta-lot — Throughout, all along, the entire duration

เวลา

we-la — Time; a period or moment in time

ทุกอย่าง

thuk yang — Everything, all things without exception

เหมือนเดิม

muean doem — Same as before, unchanged from the original

แน่นอน

nae non — Certain, definitely, of course; expressing certainty

อยู่แล้ว

yu laeo — Already the case, naturally so, of course

อยาก

yak — To want, desire, wish for something

เป็น

pen — To be; linking verb indicating identity or state

อย่างไร

yang rai — How, in what way; asking about manner

ล่ะ

la — Softening or questioning particle; so, then, well

นะ

na — Particle seeking agreement or softening a statement

ประเทศ

pra-thet — Country, nation; a sovereign state territory

เล็กน้อย

lek noi — A little, slightly, a small amount

โดยทั่วไป

doi thua pai — In general, generally, typically speaking overall

ที่อื่น

thi uen — Elsewhere, another place, somewhere different

ถ้า

tha — If; introduces a conditional clause or situation

นาน

nan — Long time, for a lengthy duration

ที่

thi — At, which, that; place marker or relativizer

ทำ

tham — To do, make, perform an action

กัน

kan — Together, each other; reciprocal or collective particle

มา

ma — To come; directional particle toward the speaker

ช้า

cha — Slow, not fast; taking a long time

เห็น

hen — To see, perceive visually with the eyes

ไหม

mai — Question particle for yes/no questions in Thai

ต้อง

tong — Must, have to; expressing necessity or obligation

สุด

sut — Extreme, utmost, end; superlative or limit marker

ความสามารถ

khwam sa-mat — Ability, capability, skill to do something

เพื่อ

phuea — In order to, for the purpose of

เดิม

doem — Original, former, as it was before

กว่า

kwa — More than, comparative particle in Thai

อย่างน้อย

yang noi — At least, at a minimum amount or degree

สอง

song — Two; the number 2 in Thai

เท่า

thao — Times, as much as; equal amount or degree

ไม่

mai — No, not; general negation particle in Thai

ลอง

long — To try, attempt, test doing something

ได้โปรด

dai prot — Please; polite request asking for a favor

เถอะ

thoe — Come on, just do it; urging particle