Through the Looking-Glass — Page 2

Vocabulary

แต่

tàe — But; however; used to contrast two ideas.

ถ้า

thâa — If; used to introduce a conditional clause.

ทุกคน

thúk khon — Everyone; every person without exception.

ปฏิบัติตาม

bpà-dtì-bàt taam — To follow; to comply with rules or instructions.

กฎ

gòt — Rule; regulation; law or established principle.

นั้น

nán — That; referring to something previously mentioned.

พูด

phûut — To speak; to talk; to say something aloud.

เธอ

thooe — She; her; also informal second person 'you'.

พร้อม

phráwm — Ready; prepared; all set to do something.

เสมอ

sà-mooe — Always; consistently; every time without fail.

ที่จะ

thîi jà — To; about to; indicating intention or future action.

เถียง

thǐiang — To argue; to dispute; to contradict someone.

และ

láe — And; connecting words, phrases, or clauses together.

คุณ

khun — You; polite second-person pronoun in Thai.

เฉพาะ

chà-pháw — Only; specific; exclusively limited to something.

เมื่อ

mûuea — When; at the time that something occurs.

มี

mii — To have; to exist; there is/are.

คน

khon — Person; people; human being or individual.

กับ

gàp — With; and; together with another person or thing.

อีก

ìik — More; another; again; additionally.

ฝ่าย

fàai — Side; party; faction in a group or conflict.

ก็

gâw — Also; then; particle indicating consequence or agreement.

รอ

raw — To wait; to remain until something happens.

ให้

hâi — To give; to allow; to cause someone to do.

เริ่มต้น

rôoem tôn — To begin; to start; the beginning of something.

จะ

jà — Will; going to; future tense marker in Thai.

เห็น

hěn — To see; to perceive visually or understand something.

ว่า

wâa — That; saying; introduces reported speech or clause.

ไม่มี

mâi mii — There is not; to not have; none.

ใคร

khrai — Who; anyone; somebody or anybody.

อะไร

à-rai — What; anything; used in questions or indefinite references.

เลย

looei — At all; ever; emphasis particle meaning 'not at all'.

ดังนั้น

dang nán — Therefore; so; consequently; for that reason.

ไร้สาระ

ráai sǎa-rá — Nonsense; meaningless; absurd or pointless.

ราชินี

râat-chí-nii — Queen; female monarch or ruler of a kingdom.

ร้อง

ráwng — To cry out; to shout; to call or exclaim loudly.

ออกมา

àwk maa — To come out; to emerge from inside somewhere.

ทำไม

tham-mai — Why; for what reason; what is the cause.

ไม่

mâi — No; not; negation particle in Thai sentences.

หรือ

rǔue — Or; whether; used in questions or alternatives.

เด็กน้อย

dèk náwy — Little child; small kid; young one.

แล้ว

láaeo — Already; then; indicates completed action or sequence.

หยุด

yùt — To stop; to halt; to cease an action.

ขมวด

khà-mûuat — To furrow; to knit together, as in eyebrows.

คิ้ว

khíw — Eyebrow; the ridge of hair above the eye.

หลังจาก

lǎng jàak — After; following; subsequent to a given event.

คิด

khít — To think; to consider; to contemplate something.

อยู่

yùu — To be; to stay; ongoing action or existence marker.

ครู่หนึ่ง

khrûu nùeng — A moment; a short while; a brief period of time.

เปลี่ยน

bplìian — To change; to switch; to alter something different.

หัวข้อ

hǔua khâw — Topic; subject; heading of a discussion or text.

การสนทนา

gaan sǒn-tha-naa — Conversation; dialogue; act of talking between people.

อย่าง

yàang — Way; manner; kind; used to describe how something is.

กะทันหัน

gà-than-hǎn — Suddenly; abruptly; without warning or prior notice.

หมายความว่า

mǎai khwaam wâa — To mean; to signify; what something intends to convey.

เป็น

bpen — To be; to become; a linking or auxiliary verb.

จริงๆ

jing jing — Really; truly; genuinely; used for emphasis.

สิทธิ์

sìt — Right; entitlement; privilege or lawful claim.

เรียก

rîiak — To call; to name; to summon someone or something.

ตัวเอง

tua eeng — Oneself; yourself; themselves; reflexive pronoun.

อย่างนั้น

yàang nán — Like that; in that way; in such a manner.

ไม่ได้

mâi dâai — Cannot; did not; unable to; negates ability or action.

หรอก

ràwk — Particle softening denial; 'not really'; dismissive tone.

จนกว่า

jon gwàa — Until; up to the point when something happens.

ผ่าน

phàan — To pass; to go through; to complete successfully.

การสอบ

gaan sàwp — Examination; test; formal academic or skill assessment.

ที่

thîi — That; which; at; relative pronoun or place marker.

เหมาะสม

màw sǒm — Appropriate; suitable; fitting for the situation.

ยิ่ง

yîng — More; even more; increasingly; used for comparison.

เรา

rao — We; us; also informal first-person singular 'I'.

เริ่ม

rôoem — To begin; to start; to commence an activity.

เร็ว

reeo — Fast; quick; soon; at a rapid speed or pace.

เท่าไหร่

thâo-rài — How much; how many; asking about quantity or degree.

ดี

dii — Good; fine; well; positive quality or condition.

เท่านั้น

thâo nán — Only; just that; nothing more than this amount.

ฉัน

chǎn — I; me; first-person pronoun used by females informally.

แค่

khâae — Just; only; merely; limiting the scope of something.

ผู้

phûu — Person who; one who; prefix indicating a doer.

น่าสงสาร

nâa sǒng-sǎan — Pitiful; poor thing; deserving of sympathy or pity.

อ้อนวอน

âwn-wawn — To plead; to beg; to implore someone earnestly.

ด้วย

dûuai — Also; too; with; together; additionally included.

น้ำเสียง

náam sǐiang — Tone of voice; manner or quality of speaking.

ทั้งสอง

tháng sǎwng — Both; the two together; all of two things.

มอง

mawng — To look; to gaze; to direct eyes toward something.

หน้า

nâa — Face; front; page; next; forward direction.

กัน

gan — Together; each other; reciprocal action marker.

สะท้าน

sà-thâan — To shudder; to tremble; to shake with strong feeling.

เล็กน้อย

lék náwy — A little; slightly; a small amount or degree.

มาก

mâak — Much; many; a lot; to a great degree.

กว่า

gwàa — More than; comparative particle used in comparisons.

นัก

nák — Very; too much; excessively; intensifier for adjectives.

คร่ำครวญ

khrâm-khruuan — To lament; to moan; to complain sorrowfully.

บิด

bìt — To twist; to wring; to turn or contort something.

มือ

muue — Hand; the body part used for grasping things.

โอ้

ôo — Oh; exclamation expressing surprise, dismay, or emotion.

มากมาย

mâak maai — Plentiful; a great many; abundant in quantity.

แบบ

bàaep — Type; style; pattern; the way something is done.

นะ

ná — Sentence particle seeking agreement or softening tone.

ความจริง

khwaam jing — Truth; reality; the true nature of something.

ก่อน

gàwn — Before; first; prior to a given time or event.

จด

jòt — To note; to jot down; to write briefly for record.

บันทึก

ban-thúek — To record; a note or journal entry; documentation.

ไว้

wái — To keep; to store; to retain for later use.

ใน

nai — In; inside; within a place or time period.

ภายหลัง

phaai lǎng — Later; afterward; at a subsequent point in time.

แน่ใจ

nâae jai — Sure; certain; confident that something is true.

ตั้งใจ

tâng jai — To intend; to be determined; to pay attention.

กำลัง

gam-lang — Currently; in the process of; present continuous marker.

ขัด

khàt — To interrupt; to obstruct; to block or interfere.

จังหวะ

jang-wà — Rhythm; timing; beat; the right moment or pace.

ใจร้อน

jai ráwn — Impatient; hot-tempered; easily agitated or hasty.

นั่นแหละ

nân làe — That's it; exactly; precisely that point or thing.

บ่น

bòn — To grumble; to complain; to mutter dissatisfaction.

เด็ก

dèk — Child; kid; young person not yet an adult.

ความหมาย

khwaam mǎai — Meaning; significance; what a word or action signifies.

ประโยชน์

bprà-yòot — Benefit; usefulness; advantage gained from something.