Thus Spake Zarathustra: A Book for All and None — Page 13

Vocabulary

私

watashi — First-person pronoun meaning 'I' or 'me'.

の

no — Possessive or linking particle connecting nouns.

健康

kenkō — Health; physical or mental well-being.

状態

jōtai — State, condition, or situation of something.

は

wa — Topic-marking particle indicating the sentence topic.

あまり

amari — Not very; not much (used with negatives).

良く

yoku — Well; adverbial form of 'good'.

なかった

nakatta — Past negative form of 'to be/exist'; was not.

冬

fuyu — Winter; the coldest season of the year.

寒く

samuku — Cold; adverbial form of adjective 'samui'.

異常

ijō — Abnormal, unusual, extraordinary beyond normal range.

な

na — Adjectival particle linking na-adjectives to nouns.

ほど

hodo — To the extent of; as much as; degree.

雨

ame — Rain; precipitation falling from clouds.

が

ga — Subject-marking particle identifying the grammatical subject.

多かった

ōkatta — Was many; past tense of adjective 'many/much'.

そして

soshite — And then; conjunction connecting sequential statements.

泊まって

tomatte — Staying overnight; te-form of 'to lodge/stay'.

いた

ita — Was doing; past progressive auxiliary verb form.

小さな

chīsana — Small, little; prenominal adjective modifying nouns.

宿屋

yadoya — Inn, lodging house; traditional Japanese accommodation.

水辺

mizube — Waterside, water's edge; area near water.

に

ni — Directional or locative particle; at, in, to.

あまりに

amarini — Excessively, too much, overly so.

も

mo — Also, even, too; inclusive or emphatic particle.

近く

chikaku — Near, close; adverbial or noun form of 'near'.

夜

yoru — Night; the dark hours after sunset.

波

nami — Wave; undulation of water on a surface.

高く

takaku — High, tall; adverbial form of adjective 'takai'.

なる

naru — To become; to change into a new state.

と

to — When, if; conditional or quotation particle.

眠り

nemuri — Sleep, slumber; the act of sleeping.

妨げ

samatage — Hindrance, obstruction; interference with an activity.

られる

rareru — Passive auxiliary verb; to be done to one.

だった

datta — Was; plain past tense of copula 'da'.

これら

korera — These; plural demonstrative pronoun for nearby things.

状況

jōkyō — Situation, circumstances, conditions surrounding an event.

確か

tashika — Certainly, surely; indeed; something certain or sure.

好ましい

konomashii — Desirable, favorable, preferable; pleasing to one.

もの

mono — Thing, object; nominalized concept or matter.

まったく

mattaku — Completely, entirely, absolutely; not at all (negatives).

逆

gyaku — Opposite, reverse, contrary; the other way around.

で

de — Copula connective or instrumental/locative particle.

あった

atta — Was, existed; plain past tense of 'aru'.

それ

sore — That; mid-distance demonstrative pronoun for things.

でも

demo — Even so, nevertheless, but; concessive conjunction.

なお

nao — Still, yet, furthermore; continuing despite circumstances.

あらゆる

arayuru — All, every, any possible; encompassing all kinds.

決定的

ketteiteki — Decisive, conclusive, definitive; critically determining outcome.

障害

shōgai — Obstacle, impediment, disability; barrier to progress.

かかわらず

kakawarazu — Regardless of, despite, notwithstanding given circumstances.

生まれる

umareru — To be born; to come into existence naturally.

という

to iu — Called, known as; quoting or defining something.

信念

shinnen — Belief, conviction, faith; deeply held personal principle.

を

wo — Object-marking particle indicating the direct object.

実証する

jisshō suru — To demonstrate, prove, verify with actual evidence.

か

ka — Question particle or 'whether'; marks interrogative sentences.

よう

yō — As if, like, in order to; manner expression.

まさに

masani — Exactly, precisely, just; emphatic affirmation of statement.

この

kono — This; near-speaker demonstrative adjective modifying nouns.

不利

furi — Disadvantage, unfavorable condition; working against one.

ただ中

tadanaka — Right in the middle of; the very midst.

生まれた

umareta — Was born; past tense of 'to be born'.

ある

aru — A certain; one particular (prenominal use); to exist.

朝

asa — Morning; the early part of the day.

へ

e — Directional particle indicating movement toward a destination.

続く

tsuzuku — To continue, to lead to, to follow on.

壮麗

sōrei — Magnificent, grand, splendid; imposing in appearance.

道

michi — Road, path, way; route for travel or walking.

南

minami — South; the cardinal direction opposite north.

方向

hōkō — Direction, bearing; the way something is headed.

歩き出した

arukidashita — Started walking; began to walk out or off.

その

sono — That; mid-distance demonstrative adjective modifying nouns.

松林

matsubayashi — Pine forest, grove of pine trees.

抜け

nuke — Passing through, exiting; stem form of 'nukeru'.

て

te — Te-form conjunction connecting sequential or concurrent actions.

登り

nobori — Ascending, climbing; going upward on a slope.

遠く

tōku — Far away, in the distance; adverb of distance.

海

umi — Sea, ocean; large body of salt water.

見渡せる

miwataseru — Can survey, can overlook; able to see across.

眺望

chōbō — View, panorama, prospect; scenic vista from a height.

もたらして

motarashite — Bringing about, providing; te-form of 'motarasu'.

くれた

kureta — Gave (to me); past tense of benefactive 'kureru'.

午後

gogo — Afternoon; the period from noon until evening.

許す

yurusu — To permit, allow, forgive; to grant permission.

限り

kagiri — As far as, as long as; to the limit.

から

kara — From; starting point particle in time or space.

先

saki — Beyond, ahead, further along; tip or destination point.

まで

made — Until, up to, as far as; limit particle.

湾

wan — Bay, gulf; curved coastal inlet of the sea.

全体

zentai — Whole, entire, overall; the complete totality of something.

歩いて

aruite — Walking; te-form of 'aruku', to walk on foot.

回った

mawatta — Went around, toured; past tense of 'mawaru'.

場所

basho — Place, location, spot; a specific physical location.

三世

sansei — The Third; ordinal numeral for monarchs or generations.

皇帝

kōtei — Emperor; supreme ruler of an empire.

よって

yotte — By means of, by; indicating agent or cause.

こよなく

koyonaku — Exceedingly, supremely, with utmost devotion or love.

愛さ

aisa —

れた

reta — Passive past ending; was done to the subject.

ゆえに

yueni — Therefore, for that reason; formal causal conjunction.

とって

totte — For, to; expressing relevance or perspective to someone.

なおさら

naosara — All the more, even more so; additionally compelling.

興味深い

kyōmi bukai — Interesting, fascinating; deeply capturing one's curiosity.

年

nen — Year; unit of time in calendar reckoning.

秋

aki — Autumn, fall; the season between summer and winter.

彼

kare — He, him; third-person masculine singular pronoun.

忘れ

wasure — Forgetting; stem form of verb 'wasureru', to forget.

られた

rareta — Passive past form; was forgotten or was done to.

幸福

kōfuku — Happiness, bliss, felicity; state of being happy.

世界

sekai — World; the entire earth or a domain of existence.

最後

saigo — Last, final; the very end of something.

再訪

saihō — Revisit, return visit; visiting again a previous place.

して

shite — Doing; te-form of 'suru', connecting sequential actions.

とき

toki — Time, moment, when; temporal reference point.

たまたま

tamatama — By chance, coincidentally, accidentally; happening unexpectedly.

そこ

soko — There, that place; mid-distance demonstrative of location.

居合わせた

iawaseta — Happened to be present; found oneself there by chance.

二つ

futatsu — Two; the numeral two for counting general objects.

おいて

oite — In, at, regarding; formal locative or contextual particle.

すべて

subete — All, everything, entirely; the complete whole without exception.

もと

moto — Origin, source, basis; arising from a particular origin.

やってきた

yattekita — Came, arrived; came along to a particular place.

とりわけ

toriwake — Especially, particularly, above all; singling out one thing.

一つ

hitotsu — One; the numeral one for counting general objects.

典型

tenkei — Typical example, archetype, model case of something.

として

toshite — As, in the capacity of; in the role of.

自身

jishin — Oneself, one's own self; reflexive intensifying pronoun.

むしろ

mushiro — Rather, instead, on the contrary; expressing preference.

散歩

sanpo — Walk, stroll; leisurely walking for pleasure or exercise.

途上

tojō — On the way, en route; in the midst of journey.

思想

shisō — Thought, ideology, philosophy; a system of ideas.

待ち伏せ

machibuse — Ambush, lying in wait; thought that surprises one unexpectedly.

した

shita — Did; plain past tense of verb 'suru', to do.

だ

da — Is, am, are; plain form copula asserting a state.

言う

iu — To say, to speak, to tell; verbal expression.

べき

beki — Should, ought to; expressing moral or logical obligation.

あろう

arō — Probably is; volitional/presumptive form of 'aru'.