Traditions of the Tinguian: a Study in Philippine Folk-Lore — Page 13

Vocabulary

Geschichte

A story, history, or account of events

berichtet

Reports or narrates; third person singular of berichten

uns

Us; first person plural accusative/dative pronoun

von

Of, from, or about; common German preposition

Mädchen

A girl; young female person

allein

Alone, by oneself, without others present

gelassen

Left behind; past participle of lassen

wird

Is/becomes; third person singular of werden

um

In order to; preposition or conjunction of purpose

Reisfeld

A rice paddy or rice field for cultivation

bewachen

To guard or watch over something carefully

sogleich

Immediately, at once, without any delay

getötet

Killed; past participle of töten, to kill

andere

Another, other; indicates a different one

besagt

States or says; third person singular of besagen

dass

That; subordinating conjunction introducing a clause

alle

All, every; refers to an entire group

tätowierten

Tattooed; adjective describing people with tattoos

Feinde

Enemies; plural of Feind, an opponent or foe

S.

Abbreviation for Seite, meaning page in German

Rache

Revenge or vengeance; desire to retaliate

Verlust

Loss; the state of losing something or someone

Verwandten

Relatives; family members or kinspeople

Mitbürgern

Fellow citizens; members of the same community

gewichtiger

Weighty, significant, important; strong comparative adjective

Grund

Reason or ground; basis or motive for action

feindliche

Hostile or enemy; adjective describing adversarial actions

Überfälle

Raids or attacks; plural of Überfall, surprise assault

alte

Old; adjective describing something of long standing

Fehden

Feuds; long-standing bitter conflicts between groups

können

Can, are able to; modal verb of ability

durch

Through, by means of; preposition indicating means

Spott

Mockery or ridicule; contemptuous derision of others

wieder

Again; adverb indicating repetition of an action

aufgefacht

Rekindled or stirred up; past participle of auffachen

werden

To become or will; auxiliary and main verb

aber

But, however; coordinating conjunction showing contrast

hauptsächliche

Main, primary, or principal; most important factor

Anreiz

Incentive or motivation; something that drives action

scheint

Seems or appears; third person singular of scheinen

Verlangen

Desire or longing; strong wish for something

nach

After, toward, for; preposition with dative case

Ruhm

Fame or glory; recognition and admiration from others

als

As, than, or when; conjunction with multiple uses

Mann

Man; adult male person or husband

bekannt

Known or famous; recognized by others

Städte

Cities or towns; plural of Stadt

zieht

Goes, moves, or pulls; third person singular of ziehen

kämpfen

To fight or struggle; engage in combat

Krieger

Warriors; fighters or soldiers in combat

ziehen

To move or march; go in a direction together

manchmal

Sometimes; occurring on some but not all occasions

Gruppen

Groups; plural of Gruppe, a collection of people

gewöhnlich

Usually or ordinarily; describing a typical situation

zweit

In pairs, as two; going out together in twos

aus

Out of, from; preposition indicating origin or exit

Bisweilen

Sometimes, occasionally; at certain times but not always

legen

To lay or place; put something in a position

sich

Themselves; reflexive pronoun for third person

auf

On, upon, or onto; preposition of location

Lauer

Ambush or lurking position; lying in wait secretly

töten

To kill; take the life of someone

junge

Young; adjective describing youth or early stage

Wasser

Water; essential liquid for drinking and living

holen

To fetch or get; go and bring something back

Männer

Men; plural of Mann, adult male persons

Frauen

Women; plural of Frau, adult female persons

an

At, on, or by; preposition of location or time

Versteck

Hiding place; a location where one hides secretly

vorbeigehen

To walk past or go by a place

andermal

Another time; on a different occasion

kühn

Bold, daring, or brave; acting with great courage

bewaffnet

Armed; carrying or equipped with weapons

Schild

Shield; defensive weapon carried in combat

Speer

Spear; long pointed weapon thrown or thrust

Kopfaxt

Head axe; axe used in headhunting combat

schlagen

To strike or beat; hit with force

Gehen

Walking or going; the act of moving on foot

Schilde

Shields; plural of Schild, defensive combat equipment

kündigen

To announce; here used to signal or indicate presence

Feind

Enemy or foe; opponent in conflict

Anwesenheit

Presence; the state of being in a place

fünf

Five; the cardinal number 5

Geschichten

Stories; plural of Geschichte, narratives or tales

fordern

To challenge or demand; call someone to action

Helden

Heroes; plural of Held, brave or admired persons

Gegner

Opponents or adversaries; those one fights against

heraus

Out; separable prefix indicating outward movement or challenge

weigern

To refuse; decline to do something requested

dann

Then; adverb indicating time sequence or consequence

Erste

First; the one coming before all others

Waffen

Weapons; instruments used for fighting or defense

einzusetzen

To deploy or use; employ weapons or resources

Erst

Only, not until; indicates a condition must be met first

wenn

When or if; conditional or temporal conjunction

vergeblich

In vain, unsuccessfully; without achieving desired result

versucht

Tried or attempted; past participle of versuchen

ihnen

Them; dative third person plural pronoun

Schaden

Harm or damage; injury caused to someone or something

zuzufügen

To inflict or cause; bring harm to someone

treten

To step or enter; join or engage in something

Kampf

Fight, battle, or struggle; physical or metaphorical conflict

solchen

Such; dative form indicating this kind or type

Fällen

Cases; plural of Fall, situations or instances

ganze

Whole or entire; complete without exception

Ortschaften

Villages or localities; plural of Ortschaft, small communities

ausgelöscht

Wiped out or extinguished; completely destroyed or eliminated

große

Large or great; adjective describing considerable size

Anzahl

Number or quantity; a counted amount of things

Köpfen

Heads; plural of Kopf, here referring to severed heads

sowie

As well as; conjunction adding items to a list

Menge

Quantity, crowd, or amount; a large number of things

Krüge

Jugs or jars; plural of Krug, ceramic containers

Beute

Loot or plunder; goods seized from defeated enemies

Sieger

Victor or winner; one who triumphs in battle

zurückgeschickt

Sent back; past participle of zurückschicken, to return

Friede

Peace; the state of harmony without conflict

Fall

Case or instance; also means fall or drop

Zahlung

Payment; act of paying money or compensation

wertvoller

More valuable; comparative of wertvoll, precious or prized

wiederhergestellt

Restored; past participle of wiederherstellen, to re-establish