Traditions of the Tinguian: a Study in Philippine Folk-Lore — Page 6

Vocabulary

histórias

Stories or narratives told about events or people

da

Contraction of 'de' and 'a', meaning 'of the'

última

Last or final in a sequence or series

divisão

Division or section separating groups or categories

são

Third person plural of 'ser', meaning 'are'

mais

More or most, used for comparison or emphasis

frequentemente

Frequently or often, describing how often something occurs

ouvidas

Heard, past participle of 'ouvir', feminine plural form

como

As or like, used for comparison or explanation

já

Already or now, indicating something has occurred before

indicado

Indicated or pointed out, past participle of 'indicar'

contadas

Told or recounted, past participle of 'contar', feminine plural

por

By or for, a preposition indicating agent or means

todos

Everyone or all, referring to the entirety of a group

É

Third person singular of 'ser', meaning 'it is'

evidente

Evident or obvious, clearly apparent to an observer

até

Even or until, used for emphasis or time reference

para

For or to, a preposition indicating purpose or direction

leitor

Reader, a person who reads texts or books

casual

Casual or informal, not deeply engaged or serious

estas

These, feminine plural demonstrative pronoun or adjective

mostram

Show or display, third person plural of 'mostrar'

muito

Much or very, indicating a large degree or amount

evidências

Evidence or proof supporting a claim or conclusion

influência

Influence or effect one thing has on another

externa

External or outside, coming from beyond a group

outras

Others, feminine plural form of 'outro', meaning different ones

algumas

Some, feminine plural indefinite pronoun or adjective

fato

Fact, something known to be true or real

parecem

Seem or appear, third person plural of 'parecer'

ter

To have, an infinitive auxiliary or main verb

sido

Been, past participle of 'ser', used in compound tenses

recentemente

Recently, in the near or not distant past

emprestadas

Borrowed or lent, past participle of 'emprestar', feminine plural

vizinhos

Neighbors, people or groups living in nearby areas

cristianizados

Christianized, having been converted to Christianity

Contos

Tales or short stories, a literary narrative form

Período

Period or era, a defined span of historical time

Mítico

Mythic or mythical, relating to myths and legends

Reconstrução

Reconstruction, the process of rebuilding or reassembling something

Cultura

Culture, the shared practices and beliefs of a people

Na

Contraction of 'em' and 'a', meaning 'in the'

primeira

First, feminine ordinal number indicating initial position

certos

Certain or particular, referring to specific unspecified things

personagens

Characters, fictional or narrative persons in a story

aparecem

Appear or show up, third person plural of 'aparecer'

grande

Great or large, indicating size, intensity, or importance

frequência

Frequency, how often something occurs or repeats

enquanto

While or whereas, indicating simultaneous or contrasting actions

outros

Others, masculine plural form referring to different individuals

sempre

Always, indicating something occurs at all times

assumem

Assume or take on, third person plural of 'assumir'

papéis

Roles or papers, functions played by people in situations

principais

Main or principal, most important in a given context

Estes

These, masculine plural demonstrative pronoun referring to nearby things

últimos

Last or latter ones, masculine plural of 'último'

sob

Under or beneath, a preposition indicating position below

variedade

Variety or range, a diverse assortment of different things

nomes

Names, words used to identify people or things

sendo

Being, gerund of 'ser', indicating an ongoing state

dois

Two, masculine form of the number two in Portuguese

títulos

Titles, names or designations given to people or works

usados

Used, past participle of 'usar', masculine plural form

mesmo

Same or even, indicating identity or emphasis in context

indivíduo

Individual, a single distinct person or organism

único

Single or unique, being the only one of its kind

conto

Tale or short story, a brief fictional narrative work

Para

In order to, preposition indicating purpose or destination

evitar

To avoid, to prevent something undesirable from happening

confusão

Confusion, a state of disorder or misunderstanding

lista

List, a series of items written or enumerated

quatorze

Fourteen, the cardinal number between thirteen and fifteen

seus

Their or his, masculine plural possessive pronoun in Portuguese

relacionamentos

Relationships, connections or associations between people or things

fornecida

Provided or supplied, past participle of 'fornecer', feminine form

tabela

Table or chart, an organized display of information

anexa

Attached or annexed, adjoined to the main document

Parecerá

It will seem, future tense of 'parecer' third singular

há

There is or there are, indicating existence of something

alguns

Some, masculine plural indefinite pronoun or adjective

conflitos

Conflicts, disagreements or contradictions between elements

uso

Use or usage, the way something is employed or applied

mas

But, a conjunction expressing contrast or opposition

quando

When, a conjunction or adverb referring to time

se

Reflexive pronoun or 'if', depending on context

percebe

Realizes or perceives, third person singular of 'perceber'

primeiros

First ones, masculine plural ordinal adjective indicating initial position

vinte

Twenty, the cardinal number between nineteen and twenty-one

seis

Six, the cardinal number between five and seven

mitos

Myths, traditional stories explaining origins or beliefs

compõem

Compose or make up, third person plural of 'compor'

ciclo

Cycle, a recurring series of events or narratives

propriamente

Properly or strictly speaking, in the precise or exact sense

dito

Said or so-called, past participle of 'dizer'

foram

Were, third person plural preterite of 'ser' or 'ir'

obtidos

Obtained, past participle of 'obter', masculine plural form

contadores

Storytellers or narrators, people who recount tales

provenientes

Coming from or originating, indicating source of something

quatro

Four, the cardinal number between three and five

cidades

Cities, large urban settlements or municipalities

diferentes

Different, not alike or varying from one another

concordância

Agreement or concordance, a state of mutual consistency

vez

Time or instance, referring to an occurrence or turn

discordância

Disagreement or discordance, a lack of consistency or accord

surpreendente

Surprising, causing astonishment or unexpected reaction

verdade

Truth, that which is in accordance with fact or reality

tanta

So much, feminine singular form indicating a large quantity

variação

Variation, a difference or change from a standard

entre

Between or among, a preposition indicating position or relation

relatos

Accounts or reports, narrated descriptions of events

narrador

Narrator, a person who tells or recounts a story

quanto

How much or as much as, indicating degree or comparison

coletados

Collected, past participle of 'coletar', gathered together

Tabela

Table, an organized grid presenting data or information

Personagens

Characters, the people or figures in a narrative

Principais

Main or principal, most significant or central in importance

Filho

Son, a male child in relation to his parents

masculino

Masculine, relating to the male gender or grammatical gender

feminino

Feminine, relating to the female gender or grammatical gender

marido

Husband, a married man in relation to his wife

Aparece

Appears, third person singular of 'aparecer', to show up

seguintes

Following or next, referring to items listed thereafter