Traditions of the Tinguian: a Study in Philippine Folk-Lore — Page 14

Vocabulary

Khi

khi — When; at the time that something occurs

đội

đội — Team, group, or military unit

quân

quân — Troops, soldiers, or military forces

chiến

chiến — To fight, wage war, or battle

thắng

thắng — To win, defeat, or be victorious

trở

trở — To return, turn back, or become

về

về — To return home; about, regarding

những

những — Plural marker for nouns; those, these things

người

người — Person, people, human being

thân

thân — Relative, close family member; intimate

ra

ra — To go out, come out; outward direction

đón

đón — To welcome, greet, or receive someone

họ

họ — They, them; third person plural pronoun

tại

tại — At, in a specific location or place

cổng

cổng — Gate, entrance to a compound or village

làng

làng — Village, small rural community settlement

và

và — And; conjunction connecting words or clauses

buộc

buộc — To be forced, obliged; to tie or bind

phải

phải — Must, have to; right, correct side

leo

leo — To climb up a surface or structure

lên

lên — To go up, rise, or ascend upward

sau

sau — After, behind; later in time or space

đó

đó — That, there; demonstrative pronoun or adverb

lời

lời — Words, speech; an utterance or invitation

mời

mời — To invite someone to an event or activity

được

được — To be able to; to receive or obtain something

gửi

gửi — To send, deliver a message or object

đến

đến — To arrive at; to, toward a destination

bạn

bạn — Friend; second person pronoun among peers

bè

bè — Group of friends; raft; part of bạn bè

ở

ở — To live, stay, be located somewhere

các

các — Plural definite marker; various, the several

lân

lân — Neighboring; used in lân cận meaning nearby

cận

cận — Near, close; used in lân cận, nearby areas

để

để — In order to; to place or put down something

chung

chung — Together, shared, in common with others

vui

vui — Happy, joyful, fun; to enjoy oneself

trong

trong — In, inside, within a space or period

lễ

lễ — Ceremony, ritual, celebration or festival

mừng

mừng — To celebrate, rejoice; feeling of happiness

dân

dân — People, citizens, folk; population of area

rượu

rượu — Alcoholic drink, wine, or rice liquor

rồi

rồi — Then, already, after that; completion marker

dẫn

dẫn — To lead, guide someone to a place

vào

vào — To enter, go into; inward direction marker

nhà

nhà — House, home; building where people live

dự

dự — To attend, participate in an event

tiệc

tiệc — Feast, banquet, party celebration gathering

nhảy

nhảy — To jump, dance, or leap energetically

múa

múa — To dance with graceful body movements

theo

theo — To follow, according to, in accordance with

tiếng

tiếng — Sound, noise; language or voice of something

nhạc

nhạc — Music; musical sounds or instruments

Cuối

cuối — End, last, final part of something

cùng

cùng — Together; also used in cuối cùng meaning finally

chiếc

chiếc — Classifier for single objects like vehicles or items

đầu

đầu — Head; beginning or top of something

bị

bị — Passive marker indicating undesirable action suffered

bắt

bắt — To catch, capture, or arrest someone

cắm

cắm — To stick, plant, or insert something upright

đặt

đặt — To place, set down, or position something

giếng

giếng — Well; a hole dug to access groundwater

nước

nước — Water; country or nation

nếu

nếu — If; conditional conjunction for hypothetical situations

số

số — Number, quantity, amount of something

lượng

lượng — Quantity, amount, measure of something

đủ

đủ — Enough, sufficient, adequate amount

nhiều

nhiều — Many, much, a large quantity of something

thì

thì — Then; topic marker; conditional result particle

bao

bao — To surround, wrap around; how much/many

quanh

quanh — Around, surrounding, encircling something

cả

cả — All, entire, the whole of something

Việc

việc — Task, matter, affair, or thing to do

lấy

lấy — To take, get, or marry someone

hàng

hàng — Row, goods, merchandise; neighboring in hàng xóm

xóm

xóm — Hamlet, small neighborhood cluster of houses

dường

dường — Seemingly, apparently, as if something seems true

như

như — Like, as, such as; to seem or appear

không

không — No, not; negation word in Vietnamese

phổ

phổ — Common, widespread; used in phổ biến meaning popular

biến

biến — Common, widespread; to change or transform

nhưng

nhưng — But, however; adversative conjunction between clauses

vẫn

vẫn — Still, yet; continuing unchanged despite circumstances

có

có — To have, there is/are; existence verb

trường

trường — School; field; case in trường hợp meaning situation

hợp

hợp — Case, instance; to combine or be suitable

đề

đề — To mention, raise, refer to a topic

cập

cập — To mention; used in đề cập meaning to refer

rằng

rằng — That; conjunction introducing reported speech or thought

khách

khách — Guest, visitor, customer, or stranger

thăm

thăm — To visit someone; a friendly or formal visit

giết

giết — To kill, slay, or cause death

hại

hại — To harm, damage; harm or injury caused

một

một — One; a, an; indefinite article in Vietnamese

cách

cách — Way, method, manner of doing something

phản

phản — To betray, oppose; prefix meaning against or counter

ngay

ngay — Right away, immediately, straightaway; upright, honest

buổi

buổi — Session, period, event; time of day marker

vũ

vũ — Dance; weapon; used in khiêu vũ meaning dancing

sử

sử — History; to use, as in sử dụng

dụng

dụng — To use; part of sử dụng meaning to utilize

chất

chất — Substance, material; quality or characteristic

độc

độc — Poison, toxic; alone, unique, poisonous

hai

hai — Two; the number two in Vietnamese

lần

lần — Time, instance, occurrence; classifier for repetitions

Trong

trong — In, inside, within; among a group

nạn

nạn — Disaster, calamity; victim as in nạn nhân

nhân

nhân — Person, human; factor; victim in nạn nhân

chết

chết — To die, dead; death of a living being

vì

vì — Because, due to; for the sake of

uống

uống — To drink a liquid or beverage

do

do — Due to, because of, caused by something

cha

cha — Father, dad; male parent in family

của

của — Of, belonging to; possessive particle

cô

cô — Young woman, aunt; female address term

gái

gái — Girl, female; woman or daughter

mà

mà — But, yet; relative pronoun; emphasis particle

đang

đang — Currently, presently; progressive aspect marker

ta

ta — We, I; first person pronoun in Vietnamese

cung

cung — To supply, provide; palace; bow for archery

cấp

cấp — To provide, supply; level, rank, grade

Giáo

giáo — Spear, lance; teaching, education; Catholic

tre

tre — Bamboo; the plant bamboo used in construction

cũng

cũng — Also, too, as well; likewise particle

chúng

chúng — They, them; we; plural pronoun in Vietnamese

nói

nói — To speak, say, talk about something

rõ

rõ — Clear, clearly, evident; to clarify something

đấu

đấu — To fight, compete, struggle against someone

bằng

bằng — By means of, using; equal, flat, level

khí

khí — Air, gas, atmosphere; weapon in vũ khí

thép

thép — Steel; the strong metal used in tools

rìu

rìu — Axe; a chopping tool with metal blade

chặt

chặt — To chop, cut down with force; tight

dao

dao — Knife; a bladed cutting instrument

Hôn

hôn — To kiss; marriage in hôn nhân

mẹ

mẹ — Mother, mom; female parent in family

chàng

chàng — Young man, lad; male term of address

trai

trai — Boy, male; young man or son

thương

thương — To love, feel affection; to hurt, wound

nghị

nghị — To negotiate, discuss; resolve, deliberate

anh

anh — Older brother; male pronoun for peer or elder

Đôi

đôi — Pair, couple; sometimes, as in đôi khi

khi

khi — When, at the time; sometimes in đôi khi

lẫn

lẫn — Mixed, confused with; both, along with

thủ

thủ — Head, chief; to guard or defend something

tục

tục — Custom, tradition, practice; vulgar or common

ban

ban — To grant, issue; committee, board, group

mới

mới — New, recent; only then, just recently

vấn

vấn — Issue, question; used in vấn đề meaning problem

mục

mục — Purpose, aim; section, item, category

đích

đích — Goal, target, purpose; used in mục đích

chuyến

chuyến — Trip, journey, excursion to a destination