Walden, and On The Duty Of Civil Disobedience — Page 2

Vocabulary

Altri

Others; referring to other people or things

sono

Are; first or third person plural of 'essere'

stati

Been; past participle of 'essere', also 'states'

curiosi

Curious; interested in knowing something

di

Of; preposition indicating possession or relation

sapere

To know; to have knowledge of something

quale

Which; interrogative or relative pronoun

parte

Part; a portion or section of something

del

Of the; contraction of 'di' and 'il'

mio

My; first person singular possessive adjective

reddito

Income; money earned from work or investments

ho

I have; first person singular of 'avere'

dedicato

Dedicated; devoted time or resources to something

a

To; preposition indicating direction or purpose

scopi

Purposes; aims or goals of an action

caritatevoli

Charitable; relating to generosity and helping others

e

And; conjunction connecting words or clauses

alcuni

Some; an indefinite number of people or things

che

That/who; relative pronoun or conjunction

hanno

They have; third person plural of 'avere'

famiglie

Families; groups of related people living together

numerose

Numerous; large in number or quantity

quanti

How many; interrogative adjective asking for a number

bambini

Children; young boys and girls

poveri

Poor; lacking sufficient money or resources

mantenuto

Maintained; supported financially or kept in condition

Chiederò

I will ask; future tense of 'chiedere'

quindi

Therefore; consequently, indicating logical conclusion

quei

Those; plural demonstrative adjective for distant things

lettori

Readers; people who read books or texts

non

Not; negation particle in Italian

provano

Feel/experience; third person plural of 'provare'

alcun

Any; used in negative sentences for emphasis

interesse

Interest; curiosity or attention toward something

particolare

Particular; specific or special in nature

per

For; preposition indicating purpose or duration

me

Me; first person singular object pronoun

perdonarmi

To forgive me; infinitive with reflexive pronoun attached

se

If; conditional conjunction introducing a hypothesis

mi

Me/myself; first person singular reflexive pronoun

accingo

I am about to; prepare oneself to do something

rispondere

To answer; to reply to a question or statement

ad

To; variant of 'a' used before vowels

alcune

Some; feminine plural indefinite adjective

queste

These; feminine plural demonstrative adjective

domande

Questions; requests for information or answers

in

In; preposition indicating location or inclusion

questo

This; masculine singular demonstrative adjective

libro

Book; a written or printed literary work

Nella

In the; contraction of 'in' and 'la'

maggior

Greater/most; comparative adjective indicating larger quantity

dei

Of the; contraction of 'di' and 'i'

libri

Books; plural of 'libro', written literary works

l'

The; elided definite article before a vowel

_io_

I; first person singular subject pronoun, emphasized

ovvero

Or rather; clarifying conjunction meaning 'that is'

la

The; feminine singular definite article

prima

First; ordinal adjective indicating the initial position

persona

Person; an individual human being

viene

Comes/is; third person singular of 'venire'

omessa

Omitted; left out or not included in text

sarà

Will be; future tense of 'essere'

mantenuta

Maintained; kept in place, feminine past participle

questa

This; feminine singular demonstrative adjective

riguardo

Regarding; with respect to a particular matter

all'

To the; elided contraction of 'a' and 'la'

egocentrismo

Egocentrism; excessive focus on oneself

è

Is; third person singular present of 'essere'

differenza

Difference; the way two things are unlike

principale

Main; most important or primary in significance

Di

Of; preposition indicating relation or origin

solito

Usual; what normally happens, as in 'di solito'

ricordiamo

We remember; first person plural of 'ricordare'

dopotutto

After all; considering everything, used for emphasis

sempre

Always; at all times without exception

parlare

To speak; to communicate verbally with others

Non

Not; negation word used before verbs

parlerei

I would speak; conditional tense of 'parlare'

così

So/thus; in this way or to such a degree

tanto

So much; indicating a large degree or quantity

stesso

Same/self; indicating identity or emphasis

ci

There/us; reflexive or locative particle in Italian

fosse

Were; imperfect subjunctive of 'essere'

qualcun

Someone; indefinite pronoun referring to a person

altro

Other; another person or thing

conosco

I know; first person singular of 'conoscere'

altrettanto

Equally; just as much, to the same degree

bene

Well; in a good or satisfactory manner

Purtroppo

Unfortunately; expressing regret about a situation

limitato

Limited; restricted in scope or extent

argomento

Topic/argument; subject being discussed or debated

dalla

By the/from the; contraction of 'da' and 'la'

ristrettezza

Narrowness; limited range or scarcity of resources

della

Of the; feminine contraction of 'di' and 'la'

mia

My; feminine first person singular possessive adjective

esperienza

Experience; knowledge gained through personal involvement

Inoltre

Furthermore; in addition to what was said

io

I; first person singular subject pronoun

da

From/by; preposition indicating origin or agent

esigo

I demand; first person singular of 'esigere'

ogni

Every/each; referring to all members of a group

scrittore

Writer; a person who writes literary works

o

Or; conjunction presenting an alternative choice

poi

Then/later; indicating a subsequent time or action

un

A/an; masculine singular indefinite article

resoconto

Account/report; a detailed description of events

semplice

Simple; easy to understand, not complicated

sincero

Sincere; honest and genuine in expression

propria

Own; belonging to oneself, feminine form

vita

Life; the existence and experiences of a person

solo

Only/alone; limited to one thing or person

ciò

That/this; neutral demonstrative pronoun in Italian

ha

Has; third person singular of 'avere'

sentito

Heard/felt; past participle of 'sentire'

dire

To say; to express something in words

degli

Of the; masculine plural contraction of 'di' and 'gli'

altri

Others; other people or additional things

come

How/like; expressing manner or comparison

quello

That; masculine singular demonstrative pronoun

manderebbe

Would send; conditional tense of 'mandare'

ai

To the; masculine plural contraction of 'a' and 'i'

suoi

His/her; masculine plural possessive adjective

cari

Dear ones; beloved people, plural of 'caro'

una

A/an; feminine singular indefinite article

terra

Land/earth; ground or a distant place

lontana

Far; distant in space or time, feminine form

poiché

Since/because; causal conjunction explaining a reason

vissuto

Lived; past participle of 'vivere'

sinceramente

Sincerely; in an honest and genuine manner

dev'

Must; elided form of 'deve', third person singular

essere

To be; infinitive of the verb 'essere'

stata

Been; feminine past participle of 'essere'

Forse

Perhaps; expressing uncertainty or possibility

pagine

Pages; individual sheets of a book or document

rivolte

Directed/aimed; addressed toward a specific audience

più

More; indicating greater quantity or degree

particolarmente

Particularly; especially or in a specific way

agli

To the; masculine plural contraction of 'a' and 'gli'

studenti

Students; people who study at a school

Quanto

As for/how much; regarding a particular subject

al

To the; contraction of 'a' and 'il'

resto

Rest; the remaining part of something

miei

My; masculine plural first person possessive adjective

accetteranno

Will accept; future tense of 'accettare'

le

The; feminine plural definite article

parti

Parts; sections or portions of a whole

si

Oneself; reflexive pronoun or impersonal particle

applicano

Apply; are relevant or pertinent to someone

loro

Their/them; third person plural pronoun

Mi

Me; first person singular indirect object pronoun

auguro

I hope/wish; first person singular of 'augurare'

nessuno

Nobody/no one; indefinite pronoun indicating absence

forzi

Forces; subjunctive of 'forzare', to force something

cuciture

Seams; stitched lines joining fabric pieces together

nell'

In the; elided contraction of 'in' and 'la/lo'

indossare

To wear; to put on or carry clothing

il

The; masculine singular definite article

cappotto

Overcoat; a long warm outer garment

potrebbe

Could; conditional tense of 'potere'

rendere

To render/make; to cause something to become

buon

Good; masculine elided form of 'buono'

servizio

Service; assistance provided to someone in need

colui

He who; formal demonstrative pronoun for a person

va

Goes; third person singular of 'andare'