Walden, and On The Duty Of Civil Disobedience — Page 3

Vocabulary

나는

na-neun — I (subject marker attached); first person subject pronoun

중국인이나

junggug-in-i-na — Chinese people or; listing particle after noun

샌드위치

saen-deu-wi-chi — Sandwich; food item with filling between bread

제도

je-do — System, institution, or established set of rules

사람들에

sa-ram-deul-e — To or about people; plural noun with locative particle

산다고

san-da-go — Saying that (someone) lives; quoted verb phrase

하는

ha-neun — Who does or called; present attributive verb form

이

i — This; demonstrative pronoun or determiner

글을

geul-eul — Writing, text; object-marked noun meaning piece of writing

읽는

ing-neun — Who reads; present attributive form of 읽다

여러분에

yeo-reo-bun-e — To you all; respectful second-person plural address

관해

gwan-hae — Regarding, about, concerning a topic

무언가를

mu-eon-ga-reul — Something; indefinite pronoun with object particle

말하고

mal-ha-go — Say and; connective form of verb 말하다

싶다

sip-da — Want to; expresses desire to do something

여러분의

yeo-reo-bun-ui — Your (plural, respectful); possessive form of address

처지

cheo-ji — Situation, circumstances, one's position in life

특히

teuk-hi — Especially, particularly, in particular

세상에서

se-sang-e-seo — In the world; locative particle attached to 세상

마을에서의

ma-eul-e-seo-ui — Of or in the village; locative possessive noun phrase

외적인

oe-jeok-in — External, outward; adjective modifying external conditions

조건이나

jo-geon-i-na — Conditions or; noun with listing/alternative particle

환경이

hwan-gyeong-i — Environment, surroundings; subject-marked noun

어떠한지

eo-tteo-han-ji — What it is like; indirect question about state or quality

그것이

geu-geot-i — That thing, it; subject-marked demonstrative pronoun

지금처럼

ji-geum-cheo-reom — Like now, as it currently is; comparative time phrase

열악할

yeol-ak-hal — Will be poor/harsh; future attributive of 열악하다

수밖에

su-bak-ke — Have no choice but to; expresses inevitability

없는

eom-neun — Without, lacking; attributive form of 없다

것인지

geot-in-ji — Whether it is the case that; indirect question ending

아니면

a-ni-myeon — Or else, if not; conjunction presenting alternative

개선될

gae-seon-doel — Will be improved; future attributive of 개선되다

수

su — Ability, possibility; used in ~ㄹ 수 있다 construction

있는

it-neun — That exists or is; present attributive of 있다

대해

dae-hae — About, regarding; commonly used preposition-like phrase

꽤

kkwae — Quite, fairly, considerably; degree adverb

많이

man-i — A lot, much, many; quantity adverb

돌아다녔는데

dol-a-da-nyeot-neun-de — Wandered around; past tense with contrastive/background ending

상점에서도

sang-jeom-e-seo-do — Even in stores; locative particle plus additive particle

사무실에서도

sa-mu-sil-e-seo-do — Even in offices; locative plus additive particle

들판에서도

deul-pan-e-seo-do — Even in the fields; open field with locative particle

어디서나

eo-di-seo-na — Everywhere, wherever; universal location expression

주민들이

ju-min-deul-i — Residents, inhabitants; plural subject-marked noun

수천

su-cheon — Thousands, several thousand; large quantity expression

가지

ga-ji — Kind, sort, type; counter for varieties or kinds

놀라운

nol-la-un — Surprising, amazing, astonishing; attributive adjective

방식으로

bang-sik-eu-ro — In a way or manner; noun with instrumental particle

고행을

go-haeng-eul — Penance, asceticism, harsh self-discipline; object-marked

하고

ha-go — Do and; connective form linking actions

것처럼

geot-cheo-reom — As if, like; nominalizer plus comparative particle

보였다

bo-yeot-da — Appeared, seemed, looked; past tense of 보이다

네

ne — Four; pure Korean numeral

곳의

got-ui — Of the place; location noun with possessive particle

불길에

bul-gil-e — In the flames; fire or blaze with locative particle

몸을

mom-eul — Body; object-marked noun referring to one's body

드러내고

deu-reo-nae-go — Expose and; connective form of 드러내다

태양을

tae-yang-eul — The sun; object-marked noun

정면으로

jeong-myeon-eu-ro — Directly, straight on, facing frontally

바라보는

ba-ra-bo-neun — Looking at, gazing at; present attributive of 바라보다

내가

nae-ga — I (subject); first person pronoun with subject particle

들었던

deu-reot-deon — Had heard; retrospective past attributive of 듣다

것들

geot-deul — Things; nominalizer with plural marker

또는

tto-neun — Or, alternatively; conjunction connecting options

불꽃

bul-kkot — Flame, spark, fire blossom; vivid fire imagery

위에

wi-e — Above, on top of; positional noun with locative particle

머리를

meo-ri-reul — Head; object-marked body part noun

아래로

a-rae-ro — Downward, to below; directional locative expression

향한

hyang-han — Directed toward, facing; past attributive of 향하다

채

chae — While remaining in a state; keeps prior condition intact

매달려

mae-dal-lyeo — Hanging, suspended; connective form of 매달리다

것

geot — Thing, fact; nominalizer turning clauses into nouns

목이

mok-i — Neck or throat; subject-marked body part noun

뒤틀려

dwi-teul-lyeo — Twisted, contorted; connective form of 뒤틀리다

액체밖에

aek-che-bak-ke — Nothing but liquid; exclusive particle limiting to liquid

위장으로

wi-jang-eu-ro — Into the stomach; organ noun with directional particle

넘길

neom-gil — To pass down, swallow; future attributive of 넘기다

없게

eom-ge — So as to be unable; adverbial form of 없다

될

doel — Will become; future attributive form of 되다

때까지

ttae-kka-ji — Until the time when; time noun with particle 까지

어깨

eo-kkae — Shoulder; body part noun

너머로

neo-meo-ro — Over, beyond, across; positional noun with directional particle

하늘을

ha-neul-eul — Sky, heaven; object-marked noun

평생

pyeong-saeng — Lifetime, one's whole life; temporal noun

나무

na-mu — Tree, wood; common noun for a tree

밑동에

mit-dong-e — At the base of a tree; lower trunk with locative particle

쇠사슬로

soe-sa-seul-lo — With a chain; iron chain noun with instrumental particle

묶여

muk-kyeo — Bound, tied; connective form of 묶이다

사는

sa-neun — Living; present attributive form of 살다

애벌레처럼

ae-beol-le-cheo-reom — Like a caterpillar or larva; comparative noun phrase

몸으로

mom-eu-ro — With the body; instrumental use of body noun

광대한

gwang-dae-han — Vast, immense, expansive; attributive adjective

제국의

je-guk-ui — Of the empire; imperial domain with possessive particle

너비를

neo-bi-reul — Width, breadth; object-marked measurement noun

재는

jae-neun — Measuring; present attributive form of 재다

기둥

gi-dung — Pillar, column, post; structural support noun

꼭대기에서

kkok-dae-gi-e-seo — From the top, at the summit; peak with locative particle

한

han — One; numeral or determiner meaning one/a single

발로

bal-lo — With one foot; foot noun with instrumental particle

서

seo — Standing; connective form of 서다, to stand

이러한

i-reo-han — Such, this kind of; demonstrative attributive adjective

의식적인

ui-sik-jeok-in — Conscious, deliberate, intentional; attributive adjective

고행의

go-haeng-ui — Of asceticism or penance; possessive noun phrase

형태들조차도

hyeong-tae-deul-jo-cha-do — Even the forms or types; plural noun with emphatic particle

매일

mae-il — Every day, daily; common time adverb

목격하는

mok-gyeok-ha-neun — Witnessing, observing; present attributive of 목격하다

광경보다

gwang-gyeong-bo-da — Than the sight or spectacle; comparison particle on noun

더

deo — More; comparative adverb

믿기

mit-gi — To believe; nominalized form of 믿다

어렵고

eo-ryeop-go — Difficult and; connective form of 어렵다

거의

geo-ui — Almost, nearly, hardly; frequency or degree adverb

할

hal — Can say or do; future attributive form of 하다

없다

eop-da — To not exist, to lack; fundamental negation verb